Impact of the Spanish consensus for improving lipid control on patients admitted for an acute coronary syndrome.

Introduction: In 2020, the Spanish Society of Cardiology published a consensus to improve lipid control in secondary prevention patients. This study was aimed to assess the impact of the implementation of this consensus in clinical practice.

Methods: Non-interventional, national and multicenter study, with a prospective and retrospective design in two cohorts.

Clinical Usefulness of Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-ligand Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for the Detection of Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence after Primary Radiation Therapy in Patients with Prostate-specific Antigen Below the Phoenix Threshold: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aims: After primary radiotherapy, biochemical recurrence is defined according to the Phoenix criteria as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value >2 ng/ml relative to the nadir. Several studies have shown that prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-ligand positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can help in detecting recurrence in patients with low PSA values. This study aimed to assess the detection rate and patterns of PSMA-ligand PET/CT uptake in patients with suspected biochemical recurrence after primary radiotherapy and with PSA levels below the Phoenix threshold.

Application and performance of disease activity indices proposed for patients with systemic sclerosis in an international cohort of patients with juvenile systemic sclerosis.

Objectives: Juvenile systemic sclerosis is a rare childhood disease. Three disease activity indices have been published for adult patients with systemic sclerosis: the European Scleroderma Study Group Index, a modified version of the European Scleroderma Study Group Index and the revised European Scleroderma Trials and Research index. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and performance of the three disease activity indices in a prospectively followed cohort of patients with juvenile systemic sclerosis.

Conduction system pacing and atrioventricular node ablation in heart failure: The PACE-FIB study design.

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) worsens the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF). Successful treatments are still very scarce for those with permanent AF and preserved (HFpEF) or mildly reduced (HFmrEF) ejection fraction. In this study, the long-term benefits and safety profile of heart rate regularization through left-bundle branch pacing (LBBP) and atrioventricular node ablation (AVNA) will be explored in comparison with pharmacological rate-control strategy.

Genotyping of the rs1800440 Polymorphism in CYP1B1 Gene and the rs9258883 Polymorphism in HLA-B Gene in a Spanish Cohort of 223 Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.

The pathogenesis of frontal fibrosing alopecia has been linked to specific genetic variants. CYP1B1 codes for a component of the cytochrome p450 machinery that is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotic oestrogens. The study of the prevalence of polymorphisms in this gene may help to understand their role in the development of frontal fibrosing alopecia.

New environmental factors related to diabetes risk in humans: Emerging bisphenols used in synthesis of plastics.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the largest global health emergencies of the 21st century. In recent years, its connection with environmental pollutants, such as bisphenol A (BPA), has been demonstrated; consequently, new structurally similar molecules are used to replace BPA in the plastics industry (BPS, BPF and BPAF).

Aim: To carry out a systematic review to allow coherent evaluation of the state of the art.

Glagov revisited: coronary artery disease phenotype on non-invasive imaging provides rationale for implementing preventive pharmacotherapy-a case report.

Background: Glagov . showed that no reduction in vessel lumen occurred until the atherosclerotic plaque burden exceeded 40% of the vessel area. Most major adverse cardiac events occurring in the first 4 years after a myocardial infarction arise from untreated angiographically mild, non-flow-limiting lesions at the time of the index event.

Impact of storage time in dried blood samples (DBS) and dried plasma samples (DPS) for point-of-care hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA quantification and HCV core antigen detection.

The scale-up of hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis and treatment requires affordable and simple tools to improve access to care, especially in low- and middle-income settings with limited infrastructure or high-risk populations. Dried blood and plasma samples (DBS and DPS) are useful alternative for hepatitis C detection in settings lacking adequate infrastructure. We evaluated the performance of DBS and DPS vs plasma in a point-of-care HCV RNA quantitative assay (Xpert HCV Viral Load-Cepheid), and compared HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) detection by the Architect HCV core antigen assay (Abbott) in DBS vs serum.

Total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a narrative review.

Locally advanced rectal cancer has traditionally been treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, a new strategy, total neoadjuvant therapy, involves the administration of CRT and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the aim of eradicating micrometastases earlier and achieving greater control of the disease. The use of total neoadjuvant therapy has shown higher rates of pathological complete response and resectability compared with CRT, including improved survival.

Multi-omics in HIV: searching insights to understand immunological non-response in PLHIV.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) induces persistent suppression of HIV-1 replication and gradual recovery of T-cell counts, and consequently, morbidity and mortality from HIV-related illnesses have been significantly reduced. However, in approximately 30% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on ART, CD4 T-cell counts fail to normalize despite ART and complete suppression of HIV viral load, resulting in severe immune dysfunction, which may represent an increased risk of clinical progression to AIDS and non-AIDS events as well as increased mortality. These patients are referred to as "immune inadequate responders", "immunodiscordant responders" or "immune nonresponders (INR)".

Dataset for the study of the effect of anticoagulation in the incidence of stroke and other outcomes in patients with left ventricular thrombus.

The optimal duration of anticoagulation in patients with left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is unknown. The data package herein presented contains the information used to assess the effect of duration of anticoagulation in the incidence of stroke in patients with left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in a tertiary hospital. In order to collect the required data, all transthoracic echocardiography studies at our institution from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2021 with LVT were retrieved using dedicated software (Phillips Intellispace Cardiovascular; Koninklijke Phillips N.

Incidence of genitourinary anomalies in congenital scoliosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to assess the overall incidence of genitourinary anomalies in patients with congenital scoliosis by providing the highest level of evidence. The secondary objective was to look for associations and trends influencing the incidence.

Methods: A meta-analysis using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library database was carried out.

Binding Affinity of Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab Monoclonal Antibodies to Extracellular HER2 Domain.

The binding affinity of trastuzumab and pertuzumab to HER2 has been studied using both experimental and in silico methods. The experiments were conducted using the antibodies in their complete IgG form, as used in clinical therapy, and the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein in solution. This approach provides a precise, reproducible, and reliable view of the interaction between them in physicochemical conditions similar to those found in the tumoral environment.

The Relationship between Hyperuricemia and Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation.

Uric acid serves as a marker for cardiovascular risk and is often linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. There is evidence suggesting an association between uric acid and atrial fibrillation (AF), including its severity and occurrence of crises, as well as its involvement in cardiovascular mechanisms. The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between hyperuricemia and echocardiographic features in patients with chronic AF lasting for more than 5 years.

Epidemiology of surgery associated acute kidney injury (EPIS-AKI): a prospective international observational multi-center clinical study.

Purpose: The incidence, patient features, risk factors and outcomes of surgery-associated postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) across different countries and health care systems is unclear.

Methods: We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries in patients undergoing major surgery (> 2-h duration and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit admission). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of PO-AKI within 72 h of surgery defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria.

Breast metastases from non-primary breast malignancies: What should we know?

Background: Metastases from extramammary malignant neoplasms are very rare, accounting for less than 2% of all breast malignancies.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the clinicopathological features and prognosis of breast metastases from non-primary breast malignancies at our institution.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study, obtaining data from electronic medical records and pathology databases between January 1985 and December 2020 for patients diagnosed with breast metastasis from non-primary breast malignancies.

Vertebral osteomyelitis after spine instrumentation surgery: risk factors and management.

Background: Vertebral osteomyelitis after spine instrumentation surgery (pVOM) is a rare complication. Most cases of infection occur early after surgery that involve skin and soft tissue and can be managed with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR).

Aim: To identify pVOM risk factors and evaluate management strategies.

CRISPR-Cas13a-Based Assay for Accurate Detection of OXA-48 and GES Carbapenemases.

Carbapenem-resistant pathogens have been recognized as a health concern as they are both difficult to treat and detect in clinical microbiology laboratories. Researchers are making great efforts to develop highly specific, sensitive, accurate, and rapid diagnostic techniques, required to prevent the spread of these microorganisms and improve the prognosis of patients. In this context, CRISPR-Cas systems are proposed as promising tools for the development of diagnostic methods due to their high specificity; the Cas13a endonuclease can discriminate single nucleotide changes and displays collateral cleavage activity against single-stranded RNA molecules when activated.

mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 Comirnaty vaccine elicits weak and short specific memory B cell response in individuals with no previous infection.

Objectives: The dynamics of the memory B cell (MBC) repertoire after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is crucial for assessing long-term immunity. We compare spike-specific MBC responses between SARS-CoV-2 unexposed and recovered individuals, and their impact on breakthrough infections during follow-up.

Methods: Spike-specific MBC and T cells were quantified at inclusion and after two doses of mRNA vaccine in a longitudinal cohort of 85 naïve and 64 recovered participants (47 with positive serology and 17 with negative serology after infection).

The Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, PD-L1, BRCA Mutation Status and Tumor Mutational Burden in Early-Stage High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma-A Study by the Spanish Group for Ovarian Cancer Research (GEICO).

Early stages are under-represented in studies on the molecular and immune features of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), and specific studies focused on early-stage HGSOC are required for a better prognostic stratification and to personalize chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of CD8+ and CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumoral cell PD-L1 expression, mutational status and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in early-stage HGSOC. A retrospective study was performed on stage I and II HGSOC from the Molecular Reclassification of Early Stages of Ovarian Cancer (RECLAMO) cohort from the Spanish Group of Ovarian Cancer Research (GEICO).

Nerve Injuries after Glenohumeral Dislocation, a Systematic Review of Incidence and Risk Factors.

Glenohumeral dislocation is a common shoulder injury that can result in nerve injury. However, the full impact of these injuries on patient function and recovery remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to determine (1) the incidence, (2) risk factors, and (3) functional outcomes following nerve injuries after glenohumeral dislocation.