Management of analgosedation during noninvasive respiratory support: an expert Delphi consensus document developed by the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI).

Background: Discomfort can be the cause of noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) failure in up to 50% of treated patients. Several studies have shown how analgosedation during NRS can reduce the rate of delirium, endotracheal intubation, and hospital length of stay in patients with acute respiratory failure. The purpose of this project was to explore consensus on which medications are currently available as analgosedatives during NRS, which types of patients may benefit from analgosedation while on NRS, and which clinical settings might be appropriate for the implementation of analgosedation during NRS.

Long-term retention rate, adverse event temporal patterns and rescue treatment strategies of mycophenolate mofetil in systemic sclerosis: insights from real-life.

Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a mainstay for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The occurrence and implications of MMF-related adverse events on drug retention rates in real life remain poorly defined. We aimed to determine the MMF retention rate and to investigate the causes and patterns of discontinuation, adverse events (AEs) and treatment options used after discontinuation.

Automated Breast Ultrasound for Evaluating Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comparison with Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is currently used for treating breast cancer in selected cases. Our study aims to evaluate the role of automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) in the assessment of response to NAC and compare the ABUS results with MRI. A total of 52 consecutive patients were included in this study.

Susceptibility to Infection and Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines on Symptoms of Women with Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Available Evidence.

Women with endometriosis were deemed more prone to COVID-19 infection in some reports. Considering that endometriosis-related aberrant immune response, understanding how COVID-19 vaccination influences its clinical status is crucial. The aim of this meta-analysis was the evaluate the susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and modifications of symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination in women with endometriosis.

Rapid and random-start endometrial preparation before outpatient hysteroscopic polypectomy in patients of perimenopausal age.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of randomly started oral dienogest/ethinylestradiol (DNG/EE) for swift endometrial preparation prior to outpatient hysteroscopic polypectomy in perimenopausal women.

Method: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in university hospitals. Eighty perimenopausal women scheduled for outpatient hysteroscopic polypectomy between January 2023 and March 2024 were randomly assigned to either intervention ( = 40) or control ( = 40) groups.

Rapid de-escalation of anti-MRSA therapy guided by nares screening for patients with pneumonia: protocol of a randomized controlled trial (SNAP study).

Introduction: The current Infectious Disease Society of America and American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) guidelines recommend linezolid or vancomycin as an empiric treatment for methicillin-resistant (MRSA) pneumonia in hospitalized patients with specific risk factors,. A nasal PCR-assay for MRSA, with its high negative predictive value, can guide a rapid antibiotic de-escalation avoiding unnecessary anti-MRSA treatment. The indiscriminate use of these drugs has contributed to the emergence of resistant strains leading to adverse effects without any survival benefit, increasing hospital stays and associated costs.

Sequencing of Checkpoint or BRAF/MEK Inhibitors on Brain Metastases in Melanoma.

Background: The impact of the order of treatment with checkpoint inhibitors or BRAF/MEK inhibitors on the development of brain metastases in patients with metastatic unresectable V600-mutant melanoma is unknown. The SECOMBIT trial examined the impact of the order of receipt of these treatments in such patients.

Methods: In this three-arm trial, we reviewed patients without brain metastases who received the BRAF/MEK inhibitors encorafenib and binimetinib until they had progressive disease followed by the immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab and nivolumab (arm A); or treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab until they had progressive disease followed by encorafenib and binimetinib (arm B); or treatment with encorafenib and binimetinib for 8 weeks followed by ipilimumab and nivolumab until they had progressive disease followed by retreatment with encorafenib arm binimetinib (arm C).

Living Donor Nephrectomy: Analysis of Trends and Outcomes From a Contemporary National Dataset.

Objective: To analyze the temporal trends and perioperative and long-term outcomes of living donor kidney nephrectomy in the United States.

Methods: The PearlDiverTM Mariner database (Pearl-Diver Technologies, Colorado Springs, CO, USA) was used for our retrospective analysis. The data were identified using ICD-9/10 codes, as well as CPT codes.

The effect of on-site and on-call nurse on exclusive breastfeeding in two different hospital settings: a prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding during postpartum hospitalization is very important for ensuring the success of breastfeeding at home. The aim of the study is to determine if the on-site nurse in rooming in improves exclusive breastfeeding ratio.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate exclusive breastfeeding during the first three months of life in two Neonatology Units in the South of Italy with different hospital settings: Ente Ecclesiastico Miulli of Acquaviva delle Fonti with on-site nurse h24 (on-site group) and Policlinico of Bari with nurse available on call h24 from Neonatology Unit (on-call group).

Efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. The study, conducted at the "Policlinico" University Hospital of Bari, included 3346 newborns and their mothers. The study explored the degree of protection offered by maternal vaccination depending on the timing, type, and trimester of vaccination, also taking into account the mother's history of infection.

Postoperative Outcomes of Fontan Operation in a Multicenter Italian Study. How Far Have We Gone? Early Outcomes After Fontan Operation.

Despite the clinical results of the Fontan operation have certainly improved, it still presents with an inherent surgical risk of death and early morbidities. This is a retrospective clinical study of children undergoing Fontan operation in 9 congenital cardiac centers in Italy between 1990 and 2023. Clinical and surgical data were collected via a dedicated RedCap database.

A Review of Current Approaches to Pain Management in Knee Osteoarthritis with a Focus on Italian Clinical Landscape.

The global cases of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are projected to increase by 74.9% by 2050. Currently, over half of patients remain dissatisfied with their pain relief.

Therapeutic inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations in glioma and cholangiocarcinoma: new insights and promises-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: The identification of mutation hot spots in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes is one of the most important cancer genome-wide sequencing discoveries with relevant impact in the treatment of some orphan tumors. These genes were mostly found mutated in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and in cholangiocarcinoma. This aberrant genomic condition represents a therapeutic target of great interest in cancer research, especially in AML, given the limitations of currently approved therapies in this field.

Takotsubo syndrome in a Sardinian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cohort.

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is known to be associated with varying degrees of autonomic and cardiovascular dysfunction. Recent case reports showed that ALS may be linked to Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). We assessed the frequency of TTS in an incident ALS cohort from Sardinia, Italy, and investigated the relationship of TTS with ALS course.

Real-life effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in patients with severe alopecia areata: A 24-week Italian study.

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition characterized by rapid hair loss in the scalp, eyebrows and eyelashes, for which treatments are limited. Baricitinib, an oral inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2, has been recently approved to treat alopecia areata.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 23 medical centres across Italy, enrolling patients affected by severe alopecia areata (SALT >50), for more than 6 months.

Conservative Treatments in the Management of Acute Painful Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) frequently cause substantial pain and reduced mobility, posing a major health problem. Despite the critical need for effective pain management to restore functionality and improve patient outcomes, the value of various conservative treatments for acute VCF has not been systematically investigated.

Objective: To assess and compare different conservative treatment options in managing acute pain related to VCF.

Electronic Health Records for Research on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Pharmacotherapy: A Comprehensive Review.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications significantly reduce symptomatology at a group level, but individual response to ADHD medication is variable. Thus, developing prediction models to stratify treatment according to individual baseline clinicodemographic characteristics is crucial to support clinical practice. A potential valuable source of data to develop accurate prediction models is real-world clinical data extracted from electronic healthcare records (EHRs).