Brain perfusion and permeability in patients with advanced, refractory glioblastoma treated with lomustine and the transforming growth factor-β receptor I kinase inhibitor LY2157299 monohydrate.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is associated with tumor progression and vascularization in malignant glioma. In the present study, magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate changes in the size and vascularity of glioblastomas in 12 patients who were treated with lomustine and the novel inhibitor of TGF-β signaling, LY2157299 monohydrate. A response in tumor size was observed in 2 of the 12 patients; in 1 of these 2 patients, a reduction in vascular permeability and perfusion was also detected.

Ethinylestradiol/Chlormadinone acetate: dermatological benefits.

Acne vulgaris, hirsutism, seborrhea and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) are common disorders of the pilosebaceous unit (PSU). In some women with hyperandrogenemia, an excess of androgens at the PSU can lead to the development of these dermatological manifestations. These manifestations can cause many psychiatric and psychological implications, such as social fears and anxiety, and can adversely affect quality of life.