Upfront surgery, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer with lateral lymph node metastasis: A multicenter MRI and lateral lymph node dissection study.

Aim: The purpose was to clarify the oncological outcomes of rectal cancer (RC) with lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) on high-resolution MRI (HRMRI), considering preoperative treatments.

Methods: Two hundred and twelve patients, from 13 hospitals, diagnosed with RC with lateral lymph node dissection (LLND), between 2017 and 2019, were prospectively registered. LLNM was defined as a short-axis size ≥5 mm.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY-BASED EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE STAGE CORRELATES WITH TANGENTIAL RETINAL DISPLACEMENT AND METAMORPHOPSIA.

Purpose: To investigate correlations of the optical coherence tomography-based epiretinal membrane (ERM) classification with metamorphopsia and tangential retinal displacement after ERM surgery.

Methods: ERM stage (stage 1-4) was defined as originally described. Metamorphopsia scores at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after ERM surgery were measured with M-CHARTS (Inami, Co, Tokyo).

Correlation between internal limiting membrane preservation and sub-epiretinal membrane space during epiretinal membrane surgery.

Purpose: Internal limiting membrane (ILM) is usually peeled simultaneously with epiretinal membrane (ERM), however, in eyes with glaucoma and ERM, ILM is preserved in order to prevent nerve fiber damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate if a new approach for ERM is effective to keep ILM during surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

A new uterine endometrium preservation hysteroscopic myomectomy: Introduction of improved procedures and a retrospective analysis of 94 cases.

Objective: To reduce the damage of uterine endometrium caused during hysteroscopic myomectomy (HM) for reproductive aged patients, a new uterine endometrium preservation hysteroscopic myomectomy (UEP-HM) has been developed. In this study, we introduced this technique with comparing to the conventional hysteroscopic myomectomy (C-HM).

Study Design: The data from 94 patients aged 42 or younger who underwent HM (38 cases with UEP-HM and 56 cases with C-HM) for treating single Type 1 or Type 2 submucosal leiomyoma (SL) were analysed retrospectively for comparing the characteristics of both patient and target SL.

PAR1 Is a Candidate Target for the Treatment of Peritoneal Dissemination in Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: Peritoneal dissemination (PD) is a frequent cause of death in gastric cancer (GC), and there is evidence of an association between protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) and the development of PD. This study hypothesized that PD in GC might be influenced by PAR1.

Materials And Methods: The cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel (PTX) on PAR1-transfected MKN45 (MKN45/PAR1) cells was analyzed using the MTT assay, and IC values were determined.

Identification of lateral pelvic nodes without metastasis in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy based on magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Intensive localized therapy is promising for the treatment of rectal cancer. In Japan, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are used as preoperative treatments for this disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to diagnose lateral pelvic node (LPN) metastases, but the changes in LPN findings on MRI following preoperative treatment are unclear.

Anesthesia-free In-office Hysteroscopic Morcellation for Endometrial Polyps: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and quality of anesthesia-free in-office hysteroscopic morcellation for the treatment of endometrial polyps.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, single-center, open-label, single-arm clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of hysteroscopic morcellation for endometrial polyps or retained products of conception. All surgical procedures were performed using the TruClear™ 5C system in the office setting without anesthesia.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the orbit without lacrimal gland involvement and with intracranial extension: A case report.

We present a 76-year-old female with a 6-year history of decreased vision in the right eye and right-sided facial neuralgia. She had a T1 isointense and T2 isointense enhancing lesion in the right orbit and the middle cranial fossa on MRI examination. Granulomatous disease or meningioma was suspected, however, after removal, the tumor was identified by pathology as adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).

Aniseikonia and retinal morphological changes in eyes undergoing macular hole surgery.

Even after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery and with successful closure of MH, aniseikonia is a common postoperative symptom. We investigated the correlation of MH diameter, retinal displacement and retinal layer thicknesses with aniseikonia in 41 eyes of 41 patients undergoing MH surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling. Aniseikonia was measured with the New Aniseikonia Test.

An algorithm for the pre-operative differentiation of benign ovarian tumours based on magnetic resonance imaging interpretation in a regional core hospital: A retrospective study.

Objective: For selecting minimally invasive surgery (i.e. laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy) for treating ovarian tumours (OTs) in premenopausal patients, the pre-operative differentiation of benign ovarian tumours (Be-OTs) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation is important.

Obvious advantage of vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery hysterectomy against total laparoscopic hysterectomy in small uterus patients and the future prospects at a regional core institution: A retrospective study.

Objective: Owing to the combination of benefits, including permanent visual guidance and no abdominal skin incision, vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery hysterectomy (vNOTES-H) is currently widely used. However, the introduction of vNOTES-H has been delayed in many Japanese regional core hospitals because of its specific device and skill requirements. Therefore, the characteristics and advantages should be explained for the widespread use of this technique.

A proposed new Japanese classification of synchronous peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer: A multi-institutional, prospective, observational study conducted by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum.

Aim: To establish a new Japanese classification of synchronous peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer.

Methods: This multi-institutional, prospective, observational study enrolled patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases. Overall survival rates were compared according to the various models using objective indicators.

Desmoid Tumor Mimicking Port Site Metastasis after Laparoscopic Surgery for Endometrial Cancer.

Desmoid tumors are rare; however, they sometimes form in the abdominal wall after surgery or trauma. We report a case of desmoid tumors in the abdominal wall mimicking port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer. A 53-year-old woman with familial adenomatous polyposis presented to our hospital with vaginal bleeding and was diagnosed with endometrial cancer.

Comparison of robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy to total laparoscopic hysterectomy in terms of operational complications at a regional institution: A retrospective study.

Objective: With the increased use of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), the use of robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy (RALH) has increased due to its technical advantages. On the other hand, RALH has some disadvantages, including its high cost, which includes not only the purchase price of robotic technology systems but also the running cost and long preparation time for setting assistant robots. Therefore, an overall understanding of the characteristics of RALH is needed.

Hemodynamic response related to the Airway Scope versus the Macintosh laryngoscope: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Background: It is important to reduce the hemodynamic response during tracheal intubation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Airway Scope and Macintosh laryngoscope to determine whether they reduce the hemodynamic responses of heart rate (HR) and mean blood pressure (MBP) after tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases for clinical trials comparing hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation.

Preventive effect of metronidazole vaginal tablets on vaginal bacteria-related postoperative complications with total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Background: The use of total laparoscopic hysterectomy is increasing. However, as with conventional abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal bacteria-related postoperative complications need to be managed in total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Therefore, we started to combine metronidazole vaginal tablets with intravenous administration of cephem antibiotics immediately before starting surgery to reduce complications.

CD169 Macrophages Residing in the Draining Lymph Nodes and Infiltrating the Tumor Play Opposite Roles in the Pathogenesis of Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: CD169 macrophages are considered to enhance anti-tumor immunity by capturing lymph-borne dead tumor cells. The number of CD169 macrophages in regional lymph nodes (RLNs) is positively correlated with prolonged cancer-free survival in various human cancers. However, a recent study argued against this dogma; that is, CD169 macrophages infiltrating into the tumor were associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

Efficacy and safety of isavuconazole against deep-seated mycoses: A phase 3, randomized, open-label study in Japan.

Objectives: Isavuconazole is a convenient triazole antifungal agent with a broad antifungal spectrum. A randomized, open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471988) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of isavuconazole in Japanese patients with deep-seated mycoses.

Outer retinal microstructure and visual function after macular hole surgery with and without Brilliant Blue G.

Purpose: To evaluate the outer retinal microstructure and visual function after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery using internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with and without Brilliant Blue G (BBG) staining.

Study Design: Retrospective, consecutive case series.

Methods: A total of 49 eyes of 47 patients were enrolled: 23 eyes of 23 patients with MH who underwent ILM peeling without dyes (control group) and 26 eyes of 26 patients who underwent BBG staining (BBG group).

Surgical Success Rate of Scleral Buckling Surgery and Postoperative Incidence of Cystoid Macular Edema: 10 Years of Experience at a Single Academic Hospital.

The purposes of this study were to report the surgical success rate of scleral buckling surgery (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in a single academic hospital, analyze the incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) after SB using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and reveal the factors associated with the development of CME. This was a retrospective observational study of patients with RRD who underwent SB from 2010 to 2020 in a single academic hospital. The anatomical success was initially achieved in 267 of 288 eyes (92.

The effect of temporary uterine artery ligation on laparoscopic myomectomy to reduce intraoperative blood loss: A retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To reduce intraoperative blood loss in laparoscopic myomectomy, uterine artery occlusion or temporary uterine artery clipping have been employed. Recently, in addition to these techniques, temporary uterine artery ligation has been reported as a new method that has less invasive effects on fertility and needs no special devices to be used. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of temporary uterine artery ligation to minimize intraoperative blood loss during laparoscopic myomectomy.