Diagnostic Accuracy of Simulated Low-Dose Perfusion CT to Detect Cerebral Perfusion Impairment after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of low-dose volume perfusion (VP) computed tomography (CT) compared with original VP CT regarding the detection of cerebral perfusion impairment after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, 85 patients (mean age, 59.6 years; 62 women) with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and who were suspected of having cerebral vasospasm at unenhanced CT and VP CT (tube voltage, 80 kVp; tube current-time product, 180 mAs) were included, 37 of whom underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) within 6 hours.

Pringle maneuver increases the risk of anastomotic leakage after colonic resection in rats.

Background: Many centers use the Pringle's maneuver during liver resections. Since this maneuver might impair healing of bowel anastomoses, we evaluated its influence on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats underwent median laparotomy and sigmoid resection with end-to-end anastomosis under inhalation anesthesia.

Characteristics, Predictors, and Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Coronary Bioresorbable Scaffolds: Differences Between Early and Late Events.

Objectives: The study sought to investigate the incidence, characteristics, predictors, and possible mechanisms of early and 3-year coronary scaffold thrombosis (ScT).

Background: An increased incidence of both early and late ScT has been shown in randomized trials.

Methods: Consecutive patients were enrolled in a single-center registry.

In vivo characterization of a new type of biodegradable starch microsphere for transarterial embolization.

Transarterial embolization is an established minimally invasive treatment for solid tumors. Unintended inflammation, foreign body reactions and ischemia-triggered neoangiogenesis are clinical drawbacks of permanent embolic materials. The aim of the current study was to characterize a new type of biodegradable starch microsphere with regard to angiographic and histopathological features such as patterns of acute arterial occlusion as well as induction of tissue necrosis, microsphere biodegradation, and inflammation and foreign body reactions during follow-up.

Levosimendan protects human hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major challenge in liver transplantation. The mitochondrial pathway plays a pivotal role in hepatic IRI. Levosimendan, a calcium channel sensitizer, was shown to attenuate apoptosis after IRI in animal livers.

Real-world effectiveness of 8-week treatment with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in chronic hepatitis C.

Background & Aims: Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) for 8 to 24 weeks is approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV). In the ION-3 study, 8 weeks of LDV/SOF was non-inferior to 12 weeks in previously untreated genotype 1 (GT1) patients without cirrhosis. According to the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC), 8-week treatment may be considered in naïve non-cirrhotic GT1-patients.

PET-guided treatment in patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD18): final results of an open-label, international, randomised phase 3 trial by the German Hodgkin Study Group.

Background: The intensive polychemotherapy regimen eBEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone in escalated doses) is very active in patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma, albeit at the expense of severe toxicities. Individual patients might be cured with less burdensome therapy. We investigated whether metabolic response determined by PET after two cycles of standard regimen eBEACOPP (PET-2) would allow adaption of treatment intensity, increasing it for PET-2-positive patients and reducing it for PET-2-negative patients.

Multicenter pilot study of radiochemotherapy as first-line treatment for adults with medulloblastoma (NOA-07).

Background: Medulloblastoma in adult patients is rare, with 0.6 cases per million. Prognosis depends on clinical factors and medulloblastoma entity.

Giving Birth After Fertility Sparing Treatment for a Yolk Sac Tumour: Case Report.

Yolk Sac Tumours (YSTs) of the ovary, also called Endodermal Sinus Tumours (ESTs), are the second most common Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours (MOGCTs), after dysgerminomas. YSTs occur primarily in children and young women. We present a case report of a 20-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with YST (tumour diameter of 29 cm).

Characteristics and outcome of patients with complex coronary lesions treated with bioresorbable scaffolds: three-year follow-up in a cohort of consecutive patients.

Aims: The safety of bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) has recently been challenged. However, it is unclear whether outcomes depend on the complexity of the lesion or on the technique used to implant the device. The aim of this study was to report on the outcomes after BRS implantation in complex lesions.

Automatic Classification of Cancerous Tissue in Laserendomicroscopy Images of the Oral Cavity using Deep Learning.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer of the oral epithelium. Despite their high impact on mortality, sufficient screening methods for early diagnosis of OSCC often lack accuracy and thus OSCCs are mostly diagnosed at a late stage. Early detection and accurate outline estimation of OSCCs would lead to a better curative outcome and a reduction in recurrence rates after surgical treatment.

When does intraoperative 3D-imaging play a role in transpedicular C2 screw placement?

Introduction: The stabilization of an atlantoaxial (C1-C2) instability is demanding due to a complex atlantoaxial anatomy with proximity to the spinal cord, a variable run of the vertebral artery (VA) and narrow C2 pedicles. We perfomed the Goel & Harms fusion in combination with an intraoperative 3D imaging to ensure correct screw placement in the C2 pedicle. We hypothesized, that narrow C2 pedicles lead to a higher malposition rate of screws by perforation of the pedicle wall.

Andrology on the Internet: Most wanted, controversial and often primary source of information for patients.

The Internet is an important source of health information with relevant impact on the physician-patient relationship. The German urological associations host one of the most comprehensive platforms for patient information on urological diseases. The aim of the study was to characterise its users and their specific needs.

Prognostic significance of Fuhrman grade and age for cancer-specific and overall survival in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma: results of an international multi-institutional study on 2189 patients.

Purpose: Because the prognostic impact of the clinical and pathological features on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma (papRCC) is still controversial, we want to assess the impact of clinicopathological features, including Fuhrman grade and age, on survival in surgically treated papRCC patients in a large multi-institutional series.

Methods: We established a comprehensive multi-institutional database of surgically treated papRCC patients. Histopathological data collected from 2189 patients with papRCC after radical nephrectomy or nephron-sparing surgery were pooled from 18 centres in Europe and North America.

Organ Preservation Is Less Frequently Performed in Women Surgically Treated for Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma-Results of a Comprehensive Multicenter Study.

Objective: To analyze the impact of gender on the clinicopathologic features and survival of patients with surgically treated papillary renal cell carcinoma (papRCC) using a comprehensive international multicenter database.

Materials And Methods: Data of 2325 patients undergoing surgery for unilateral papRCC between 1984 and 2015 in 17 European and North American centers were retrospectively collated. The impact of clinicopathologic features on the likelihood of nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) was evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model.

Interaction between NFATc2 and the transcription factor Sp1 in pancreatic carcinoma cells PaTu 8988t.

Background: Nuclear factors of activated T-cells (NFATs) have been mainly characterized in the context of immune response regulation because, as transcription factors, they have the ability to induce gene transcription. NFAT proteins are found in several types of tumors, for instance, pancreatic carcinoma. The role of NFATs in carcinogenesis is regulating central genes in cell differentiation and cell growth.

Training, Research, and Working Conditions for Urology Residents in Germany: A Contemporary Survey.

Background: Excellent uniform training of urology residents is crucial to secure both high-quality patient care and the future of our specialty. Residency training has come under scrutiny following the demands of subspecialized care, economical aspects, and working hour regulations.

Objective: To comprehensively assess the surgical training, research opportunities, and working conditions among urology residents in Germany.

Perceived Role of Social Media in Urologic Knowledge Acquisition Among Young Urologists: A European Survey.

Background: Social media (SoMe) are increasingly being integrated into personal and professional life, with urology being a leading medical specialty in SoMe adoption.

Objective: We aimed to assess the perceived role of SoMe in urologic knowledge acquisition among young urologists across Europe.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Members of the European Society of Residents in Urology designed a 20-item online survey via surveymonkey.

Primary metastatic breast cancer in the era of targeted therapy - Prognostic impact and the role of breast tumour surgery.

Background: Except for meeting the individual palliative need, the benefit of breast surgery in primary metastatic breast cancer (PMBC), also known as de novo metastatic breast cancer, on long-term outcomes remains controversial. Twenty-four hundred and one patients with metastatic breast cancer, enrolled between 2000 and 2011 in two prospective non-interventional studies on targeted therapy, were screened with respect to this question.

Methods: One study investigated trastuzumab therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer in addition to mainly first-line chemotherapy.

Adjuvant tamoxifen and exemestane in women with postmenopausal early breast cancer (TEAM): 10-year follow-up of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: After 5 years of median follow-up, the Tamoxifen Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial reported no difference in disease-free survival between exemestane monotherapy and a sequential scheme of tamoxifen followed by exemestane in postmenopausal patients with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. As recurrence risk in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer remains linear beyond 5 years after diagnosis, we analysed long-term follow-up outcomes of this trial.

Methods: The TEAM trial, a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, included postmenopausal patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer from nine countries.

Interobserver variability in target volume delineation of hepatocellular carcinoma : An analysis of the working group "Stereotactic Radiotherapy" of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO).

Background: Definition of gross tumor volume (GTV) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requires dedicated imaging in multiple contrast medium phases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement (IOA) in gross tumor delineation of HCC in a multicenter panel.

Methods: The analysis was performed within the "Stereotactic Radiotherapy" working group of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO).

Quantification of Urology Related Twitter Traffic Activity through a Standardized List of Social Media Communication Descriptors.

Introduction: The social media microblogging service Twitter is gaining popularity in the field of urology as a fast and effective communication platform. We assessed volume, subject matter, influencers and content of urology related discussions on the Twitter platform using the recently proposed Urology Tag Ontology hashtag list.

Methods: We queried the Symplur Signals database for tweet activity during a 1-year period.

Ultrasound Needle Visibility in Contrast Mode Imaging: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Study.

Purpose: To evaluate needle visibility in ultrasound under contrast mode conditions.

Materials And Methods: Needle visibility was evaluated for bevel, EchoTip and shaft of 18G Chiba biopsy needle with a 9 MHz linear probe (GE Logiq E9). Insertion angles varied between 30°(steep) and 90°(parallel to the probe surface).

A randomized, phase 2 evaluation of the CHK1 inhibitor, LY2603618, administered in combination with pemetrexed and cisplatin in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer.

This phase 2 portion of a phase 1/2 study examined the efficacy and safety of LY2603618, a selective checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitor, combined with pemetrexed and cisplatin (LY+Pem+Cis) in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label study (NCT01139775) enrolled patients with stage IV nonsquamous NSCLC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1. Patients were randomized (2:1) to LY+Pem+Cis or pemetrexed and cisplatin (Pem+Cis).