COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: challenges and lessons for patient care.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their healthcare providers have faced unique challenges related to the interaction between SARS-CoV-2, underlying neurological disease and the use of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). Key concerns arose, primarily related to the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 infection could trigger the initial demyelinating event or exacerbate disease activity. Another major concern was the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines, especially for patients undergoing specific treatments that could weaken their antibody responses.

Impact of ESKAPE Pathogens on Bacteremia: A Three-Year Surveillance Study at a Major Hospital in Southern Italy.

Background/objectives: ESKAPE pathogens (, , , , , and spp.) pose a serious public health threat as they are resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by ESKAPE bacteria have high mortality rates due to the limited availability of effective antimicrobials.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Strains Collected from Clinical Samples in a Hospital in Southern Italy.

Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria represent a serious threat to global public health. Recently, due to its increased resistance to carbapenems and -lactams, has become one of the main causes of septicemia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. It is crucial to take immediate action and implement effective measures to prevent further spread of this issue.

Risk of Cardiovascular Events in People with HIV (PWH) Treated with Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors: The Debate Is Not Over; Results of the SCOLTA Study.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in people with HIV (PWH), and has great impact in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several intertwined mechanisms are believed to play a role in determining the increased risk of CVD, including the effect of certain antiretrovirals; among these, the role of integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is yet to be fully elucidated. We conducted a multicenter, observational study comprising 4984 PWH evaluating the antiretroviral therapy (ART)-related nature of CVD in real life settings, both in naïve vs.

Current Epidemiological Status and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of .

The spread of antibiotic resistance represents a serious worldwide public health issue, underscoring the importance of epidemiology research in determining antimicrobial strategies. The purpose of this research was to investigate antibiotic resistance in isolates from clinical samples over seven years at the University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona" in Salerno, Italy. is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of clinical diseases, including pneumonia, keratitis, meningitis, and urinary tract and wound infections.

Health-related quality of life in patients with aortic dissection: An unmet need.

Knowledge about the Health-related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) after Type A (TA-AAD) and Type B acute aortic dissection (TB-AAD) is still insufficient. Through this systematic review, including 22 studies (16 for TA-AAD and 6 TB-AAD -1998-2023), the entire literature on HR-QoL after surgical and/or endovascular and/or medical interventions has been investigated. In TA-AAD patients, despite overall SF-36 score was similar to the standard population, with > 80 years patients displaying a better emotional domain, the SF-12 was significant lower to controls in physical and mental well-being domains.

Antiviral activity of nitazoxanide against infections.

The measles virus (MeV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) belong to the genus of the family. They are enveloped viruses harboring a non-segmented negative-sense RNA. Morbilliviruses are extremely contagious and transmitted through infectious aerosol droplets.

Repurposing Selamectin as an Antimicrobial Drug against Hospital-Acquired Infections.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains requires the urgent discovery of new antibacterial drugs. In this context, an antibacterial screening of a subset of anthelmintic avermectins against gram-positive and gram-negative strains was performed. Selamectin completely inhibited bacterial growth at 6.

An updated algorithm for an effective choice of continuous glucose monitoring for people with insulin-treated diabetes.

Purpose: Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) is a key tool for insulin-treated people with diabetes (PwD). CGM devices include both real-time CGM (rtCGM) and intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM), which are associated with an improvement of glucose control and less hypoglycemia in clinical trials of people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This is an expert position to update a previous algorithm on the most suitable choice of CGM for insulin-treated PwD in light of the recent evidence and clinical practice.

Lipids and Transaminase in Antiretroviral-Treatment-Experienced People Living with HIV, Switching to a Doravirine-Based vs. a Rilpivirine-Based Regimen: Data from a Real-Life Setting.

Doravirine (DOR) is a newly approved non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). We aimed to investigate, in a real-life setting, how switching to a DOR-based regimen rather than a rilpivirine (RPV)-based regimen impacted metabolic and hepatic safety. The analysis included 551 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-experienced people living with HIV (PLWH), starting RPV-based or DOR-based regimens with viral load < 200 copies/mL, baseline (T0), and at least one control visit (6-month visit, T1).

Inter-center reproducibility of standard and advanced echocardiographic parameters in the EACVI-AFib echo registry.

Aim: we sought to test the inter-center reproducibility of 16 echo laboratories involved in the EACVI-Afib Echo Europe.

Methods: This was done on a dedicated setting of 10 patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and 10 with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), collected by the Principal Investigator. Images and loops of echo-exams were stored and made available for labs.

Impact of Thyroid Cancer Treatment on Renal Function: A Relevant Issue to Be Addressed.

Thyroid cancers require complex and heterogeneous therapies with different impacts on renal function. In our systematic literature review, we analyzed several aspects: renal function assessment, the impact of radiotherapy and thyroid surgery on kidney functioning, and mechanisms of nephrotoxicity of different chemotherapy, targeted and immunologic drugs. Our study revealed that the renal impact of thyroid cancer therapy can be a limiting factor in all radiotherapy, surgery, and pharmacological approaches.

Pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (PEPSiT): report of a multicentric national study on 294 patients.

This study aimed to report a multicentric national experience about the outcomes of pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (PEPSiT). The medical records of all pediatric patients, aged up to 18 years, who underwent PEPSiT in the period 2019-2021, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' demographics, operative details, and post-operative outcomes were assessed.

Prevalence and Distribution of High- and Low- Risk HPV Genotypes in Women Living in the Metropolitan Area of Naples: A Recent Update.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) can infect both male and female genitals, skin, and mucous membranes, causing benign or malignant lesions. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection and it is the main cause of cervical cancer. The present retrospective study updated the previously published data on HPV genotypes distribution among women living in Naples.

6 mm short versus 11 mm long inter-foraminal implants in the full-arch rehabilitation of edentulous non-atrophic mandibles: 5-year results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this multicenter parallel-group randomized controlled trial is to compare, in the same clinical scenario, 6 mm short with 11 mm long implants for the rehabilitation of completely edentulous non-atrophic mandibles.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients in three study centers received a fixed full-arch mandibular rehabilitation supported by five inter-foraminal implants, with no need for bone augmentation procedures. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1 ratio), at the time of surgery, to test (6 mm implants) or control group (11 mm implants).

Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia: diagnosis and management of 31 Italian patients.

Background: In neonates, antibody-mediated destruction of neutrophils may occur as a consequence of auto- or isoimmune disorders. There are few studies on this topic, and particularly on neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAN).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and molecular/serological findings of 83 neutropenic infants referred to our Reference Laboratory for diagnostic evaluation of NAN, from 2008 to 2021.

Alveolar-Arterial Gradient Is an Early Marker to Predict Severe Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients.

Background: One of the main challenges in the management of COVID-19 patients is to early assess and stratify them according to their risk of developing severe pneumonia. The alveolar−arterial oxygen gradient (D(A-a)O2) is defined as the difference between the alveolar and arteriolar concentration of oxygen, an accurate index of the ventilatory function. The aim of this study is to evaluate D(A-a)O2 as a marker for predicting severe pneumonia in COVID-19 patients, in comparison to the PaO2/FiO2.

Change in Circulating Levels of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Sexual Function in Women With Type 1 Diabetes.

Context: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are involved in the mechanisms of vascular repair and sexual function, are decreased in diabetic women compared with general population.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the circulating levels of EPCs and the change in sexual function during the menstrual cycle in women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) compared with healthy women.

Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted at the Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases at University Hospital "Luigi Vanvitelli'' of Naples.

Microbiota and HPV: The role of viral infection on vaginal microbiota.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection is between 9% and 13% of the world population and only in the United States, more than 6.2 million are positive every year. There are more than 100 types of HPV, among them, two serotypes (16 and 18) are related to 70% of cervical cancers and precancerous cervical lesions.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections.

Bacterial ocular infections are a worldwide health problem and, if untreated, can damage the structure of the eye and contribute to permanent disability. Knowledge of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the main causative agents involved in ocular infections is necessary for defining an optimal antibiotic therapy. The aim of this study was to analyse bacterial species involved in ocular infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Species: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Italy.

Antimicrobial resistance represents one of the main threats to healthy ecosystems. In recent years, among the multidrug-resistant microorganisms responsible for nosocomial infections, the species have received much attention. Indeed, have peculiar skills in their ability to acquire resistance genes and to cause severe diseases, such as endocarditis.