EXPLORE: a novel deep learning-based analysis method for exploration behaviour in object recognition tests.

Object recognition tests are widely used in neuroscience to assess memory function in rodents. Despite the experimental simplicity of the task, the interpretation of behavioural features that are counted as object exploration can be complicated. Thus, object exploration is often analysed by manual scoring, which is time-consuming and variable across researchers.

Implementation of an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome App for Health-Related Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients: Evaluation and Acceptability Analysis in a Two-Center Prospective Trial.

Background: One in eight women is diagnosed with breast cancer in the course of their life. As systematic palliative treatment has only a limited effect on survival rates, the concept of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was developed for measurement of patient-centered outcomes. Various studies have already demonstrated the reliability of paper-based patient-reported outcome (pPRO) and electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) surveys and that the 2 means of assessment are equally valid.

Additive Effects of Genetic Interleukin-6 Signaling Downregulation and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering on Cardiovascular Disease: A 2×2 Factorial Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background Although trials suggest that anti-inflammatory approaches targeting interleukin (IL)-6 signaling can reduce cardiovascular risk, it remains unknown whether targeting IL-6 signaling could reduce risk additively to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering. Here, we assess interactions in associations of genetic downregulation of IL-6 signaling and LDL-C lowering with lifetime cardiovascular disease risk. Methods and Results Genetic scores for IL-6 signaling downregulation and LDL-C lowering were used to divide 408 225 White British individuals in UK Biobank into groups of lifelong exposure to downregulated IL-6 signaling, lower LDL-C, or both.

Deterioration and Mortality Risk of COPD Patients Not Fitting into Standard GOLD Categories: Results of the COSYCONET Cohort.

Background: Patients with COPD-specific symptoms and history but FEV1/FVC ratio ≥0.7 are a heterogeneous group (former GOLD grade 0) with uncertainties regarding natural history.

Objective: We investigated which lung function measures and cutoff values are predictive for deterioration according to GOLD grades and all-cause mortality.

LION-PAW (lymphadenectomy in ovarian neoplasm) sexual function assessment: a prospective sub-study of the LION trial.

Background: There is limited information about the impact of radical surgery including pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy and subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy on sexuality in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of radical surgery including pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy and subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy on sexuality in patients with advanced ovarian cancer as a sub-protocol of the prospectively randomized LION trial.

Methods: The Sexual Activity Questionnaire was applied to assess sexual function according to its sub-scales activity, pleasure, and discomfort.

Is There an Association or Not?-Investigating the Association of Depressiveness, Physical Activity, Body Composition and Sleep With Mediators of Inflammation.

Background: Cytokines are mediators of inflammation that contribute to a low-grade inflammation in different disorders like major depression and obesity. It still remains unclear which psychological and medical factors interact with cytokine regulation. In the current investigation, the association between levels of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and anthropometrics, mood state (depressiveness), physical activity and sleep were investigated in a sample of community-dwelled adults.

Treatment of Older Patients With Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL): Long-Term Follow-Up of the Randomized European MCL Elderly Trial.

Purpose: In an update of the randomized, open-label, phase III European Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Elderly trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00209209), published in 2012, we aimed to confirm results on long-term outcome focusing on efficacy and safety of long-term use of rituximab maintenance.

Patients And Methods: Five hundred sixty patients with newly diagnosed MCL underwent a first random assignment between rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) and rituximab, fludarabine, and cyclophosphamide (R-FC) induction, followed by a second random assignment in 316 responders between rituximab and interferon alfa maintenance, to be continued until progression.

The views of patients, healthcare professionals and hospital officials on barriers to and facilitators of quality pain management in Ethiopian hospitals: A qualitative study.

Background: Postoperative pain remains a challenge in the developed world, but the consequences of inadequately treated postoperative pain are particularly severe in low- and middle-income countries. Since 2011, reports have drawn attention to the poor quality of postoperative pain management in Ethiopia; however, our multicenter qualitative study was the first to attempt to understand the factors that are barriers to and facilitators of quality pain managment in the country. To this aim, the study explored the perspectives of patients, healthcare professionals, and hospital officials.

New insights into the pathophysiology of postoperative hemorrhage in thyroid surgery: An experimental study in a porcine model.

Background: Postoperative cervical hemorrhage is a rare but life-threatening complication that can cause severe morbidity. Different mechanisms leading to asphyxia have been described based only on clinical observation.

Methods: We performed a series of in vivo animal studies simulating post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage and its effect on respiratory drive.

Predicting the Necessity for Extracorporeal Circulation During Lung Transplantation: A Feasibility Study.

Objective: The factors leading to the implementation of unplanned extracorporeal circulation during lung transplantation are poorly defined. Consequently, the authors aimed to identify patients at risk for unplanned extracorporeal circulation during lung transplantation.

Design: Retrospective data analysis.

Application of IL-36 receptor antagonist weakens CCL20 expression and impairs recovery in the late phase of murine acetaminophen-induced liver injury.

Overdosing of the analgesic acetaminophen (APAP, paracetamol) is a major cause of acute liver injury. Whereas toxicity is initiated by hepatocyte necrosis, course of disease is regulated by mechanisms of innate immunity having the potential to serve in complex manner pathogenic or pro-regenerative functions. Interleukin (IL)-36γ has been identified as novel IL-1-like cytokine produced by and targeting epithelial (-like) tissues.

Cervical spine: postmortem assessment of accident injuries--comparison of radiographic, MR imaging, anatomic, and pathologic findings.

Purpose: To assess the ability of postmortem radiography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to depict occult cervical spine injuries as compared with anatomic and pathologic findings.

Materials And Methods: The cervical spines of 10 adult accident victims underwent radiography and MR imaging, with T1-weighted, fast spin-echo T2-weighted, and four gradient-echo pulse sequences. The frozen specimens were cut into 3-mm-thick slices (sagittal plane) and photographed, and microfocus radiographs were obtained.