Macromolecule Modelling for Improved Metabolite Quantification Using Short Echo Time Brain H-MRS at 3 T and 7 T: The PRaMM Model.

To improve reliability of metabolite quantification at both, 3 T and 7 T, we propose a novel parametrized macromolecules quantification model (PRaMM) for brain H MRS, in which the ratios of macromolecule peak intensities are used as soft constraints. Full- and metabolite-nulled spectra were acquired in three different brain regions with different ratios of grey and white matter from six healthy volunteers, at both 3 T and 7 T. Metabolite-nulled spectra were used to identify highly correlated macromolecular signal contributions and estimate the ratios of their intensities.

Efficacy and Safety of Budesonide Orodispersible Tablets for Eosinophilic Esophagitis up to 3 Years: an Open-Label Extension Study.

Background And Aims: Budesonide orodispersible tablets (BOT) have been shown to be safe and effective in phase 3 double-blind trials of induction and 48-week maintenance therapy of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We now analyzed the long-term efficacy and safety of BOT in a 96-week open-label extension (OLE) study.

Methods: All EoE patients in the 48-week double-blind maintenance study were eligible to receive BOT treatment for up to 96 weeks.

Characterization of Epithelial-Mesenchymal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation States in Pancreatic and Small Cell Ovarian Tumor Cells and Their Modulation by TGF-β1 and BMP-7.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an extremely poor prognosis, due in part to early invasion and metastasis, which in turn involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the cancer cells. Prompted by the discovery that two PDAC cell lines of the quasi-mesenchymal subtype (PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2) exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation (NED), we asked whether NED is associated with EMT. Using real-time PCR and immunoblotting, we initially verified endogenous expressions of various NED markers, i.

Periprosthetic joint infections - a scoping review.

Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are dramatic complications after primary total joint arthroplasty. Despite increasing research in this field, the diagnosis, classification, and management of PJI remain a challenge. This is mainly due to the heterogenous clinical presentation of PJI in clinical routine and patient-related factors as secondary diagnosis and periprosthetic tissue condition.

Administration and cancer-control outcomes of bone-modifying agents in real-world patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Hormonal agents administered for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) may lead to osteoporosis, skeletal events, reduced quality of life, and even reduced overall survival (OS). Bone-modifying agents may prevent those events but their effect on cancer-control outcomes remains uncertain. Relying on our institutional tertiary-care database, we explored the effect of bone-modifying agents (bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid and denosumab) on OS and progression-free survival in patients with mCRPC with at least 1 bone metastasis using Kaplan-Meyer estimates and Cox regression models.

Trends in the Management and Outcomes of Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases: A Three-decade, Multi-centre Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe the evolution of management strategies for neuroendocrine liver metastases (NE LM) and trends in patient outcomes over the preceding 3 decades.

Summary Background Data: Liver metastases are common in neuroendocrine neoplasms and impair prognosis. A broad therapeutic armamentarium has evolved over recent decades but there remains uncertainty regarding optimal treatment selection and sequencing.

Survival after trimodal therapy in octogenarians with organ-confined urothelial bladder cancer.

Objectives: It is not known whether cancer-specific mortality (CSM) differences distinguish radical cystectomy (RC) from trimodal therapy (TMT) in octogenarians harbouring organ-confined (T2N0M0) urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder (UCUB).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2021), CSM and other-cause mortality (OCM) rates were computed in octogenarian patients with organ-confined UCUB undergoing either TMT or RC. Smoothed cumulative incidence plots depicted 5-year CSM and OCM rates according to RC vs TMT.

Axillary Surgery in Breast Cancer - Primary Results of the INSEMA Trial.

Background: Whether surgical axillary staging as part of breast-conserving therapy can be omitted without compromising survival has remained unclear.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, noninferiority trial, we investigated the omission of axillary surgery as compared with sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in patients with clinically node-negative invasive breast cancer staged as T1 or T2 (tumor size, ≤5 cm) who were scheduled to undergo breast-conserving surgery. We report here the per-protocol analysis of invasive disease-free survival (the primary efficacy outcome).

[Structured Assessment of Mental Health Issues in Preventive Health Examinations - Findings from the Cluster-Randomized PSYCH-U Study].

Background: Early detection of psychological problems is crucial to prevent chronic progression. The Psych-U study evaluated the added value of structured assessment of psychological issues during U-screenings compared to routine screenings without such assessment.

Methods: In a cluster-randomized controlled design, a two-arm intervention group (IG; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ, and Mannheimer Elternfragebogen, MEF) was compared to a control group (CG).

Urinary Diversion Versus Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes After Radical Cystectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to compare adverse in-hospital outcomes in ileal conduit versus neobladder urinary diversion type after radical cystectomy (RC) in contemporary versus historical patients.

Methods: Patients were identified within the National Inpatient Sample (NIS 2000-2019). Propensity score matching (PSM; 1:2 ratio) and multivariable logistic regression models (LRMs) were used.

Sex Differences in Long-Term Survival and Cancer Incidence After Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Long-term gender-specific survival and cancer incidence in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) were investigated after endovascular (EVAR) and open repair (OAR). : Data from 2933 patients (EVAR n = 1187, OAR n = 1746) from a health insurance company in Germany (men n = 2391, women n = 542) were analyzed. All patients were cancer-free in their history.

Impact of the time interval between biopsy and radical prostatectomy on functional outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of the time interval between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) on postoperative urinary continence (UC)/erectile function (EF). From a clinical point of view, an interval of several weeks seems to facilitate surgical preparation.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent RP for localized prostate cancer (PCa) in a tertiary care center between 2011 and 2020.