Transconjunctival approach revisited and anatomical considerations.

The transconjunctival approach, first described by Bourqet in 1923, has become a routine procedure for the management of fractures of the orbital floor, medial and lateral walls, and infraorbital rim. It is also used in aesthetic surgery and access surgery. Different approaches of transconjunctival surgery, however, can be complicated by the complex lower lid anatomy.

Do we still need Crile or Hayes Martin approach for cervical lymphadenectomy? A retrospective study of 56 patients with minimal access neck dissection.

The concept of neck dissection was introduced by Crile more than a century ago. Since then, multiple modifications have been adopted to ensure the preservation of vital structures. With the new era of minimal access surgery, the incorporation of laparoscopic, endoscopic, and robotic surgery is becoming the new normal.

Intralesional methotrexate as non-surgical therapy for giant keratoacanthoma on the nose.

Keratoacanthoma is an epithelial tumour derived from hair follicles. Clinical and histopathological features of keratoacanthoma can resemble that of squamous cell carcinoma. Different treatment alternatives have been described over the years including intralesional methotrexate injection.

A qualitative evaluation of internet information on hip and knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Hip and knee arthritis are two of the most common conditions that result in referral to orthopaedic outpatient clinics. Many patients now use the internet to research their condition and to inform their decision about treatment options. This has implications for the process of informed consent.

Occupational exposure and risk of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review and 25-year retrospective cohort study of patients.

Social habits such as smoking and drinking alcohol are well-known causative agents for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC/OPSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known causative agent for OPSCC. However, we often encounter patients with no identifiable risk factors.

Breaking bad news: a clinical skill for postgraduate exams.

Breaking bad news is a challenging station in postgraduate exams. Candidates can struggle if they have not practised delivering sensitive information in a professional and empathetic way. Limited experience of using this clinical skill as a junior doctor often compounds candidates' uncertainty in exams.

Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review on Contemporary Diagnosis and Management.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common, accounting for 80-90% of skin cancers. It arises from the basal layer of the epidermis and its appendages. A complex interplay of environmental, phenotypic and genetic variables leads to the development of BCC.

Robotic CME in obese patients: advantage of robotic ultrasound scan for vascular dissection.

Complete mesocolic excision (CME) in right-sided colon cancers appears to confer oncological benefits compared to conventional colectomy. Identification of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) remains challenging. We describe the novel use of intra-operative robotic ultrasound scan (rUSS) in obese patients (BMI ≥ 29).

The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness, inflammation, blood pressure dipping and cardiovascular outcomes.

Background: The ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) is an indirect measure of arterial stiffness obtained during ambulatory blood pressuring monitoring (ABPM). Its relationship to nocturnal blood pressure dipping status and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) are controversial and its association with vascular inflammation has not been examined. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the AASI, inflammation and nocturnal blood pressure dipping status and its association with MACE.