Fibroblast-based radiosensitivity assays as a clinically valuable tool for (severe) combined immunodeficiency syndromes.

Genetic defects in one of the DNA double strand break (DSB) repair proteins lead to distinct human syndromes with severe clinical manifestations, including impaired neurological and immunological development, cancer proneness and sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Since diagnostic and therapeutic procedures frequently use DNA damaging agents, identification of radiosensitive individuals is imperative to optimize patient management. However, patients with a (severe) combined immunodeficiency (S)CID are often ineligible for lymphocyte-based radiosensitivity testing.

Macrophage therapy and liver regeneration: results and perspectives.

The recent results of the study evaluating the impact of macrophage transplantation in cirrhosis with the aim of improving liver function open up a number of prospects. Although negative, fewer deaths were observed, as well as a favourable cytokine profile. This is in line with other results obtained in liver disease, notably through signalling and regeneration studies on human liver tissue.

Exploring the integration of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical practice: A cross-sectional survey of EORTC healthcare professionals.

Background: Using patient reported-outcome measures (PROMs) in routine care has significant potential to benefit patients with cancer, but it is unclear how widely they are used in practice.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey (November 2023-April 2024) among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests assessed PROM use patterns, regional differences, and barriers.

Application of Postoperative Nasal Retainers in Primary Cleft Cheilorhinoplasty: A Review Providing Practical Tips and Tricks.

Nowadays, primary cleft lip repair is simultaneously performed with rhinoplasty. Postoperative stenosis and relapse of the nose are one of the major complications of this surgery. To tackle these issues, nasal stents can be placed following the surgical correction.

Echocardiographic Measure of Right Ventricular-pulmonary Arterial Coupling Predicts Survival in Lung Cancer.

Rationale: Echocardiographic indicators of pulmonary hypertension have been reported to predict decreased survival in lung cancer.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that this may be associated with impaired right ventricular (RV)-systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) coupling.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 220 outpatients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) examined by Doppler, strain, and 3-dimensional echocardiography before starting therapy.

Trametinib as a targeted treatment in cardiac and lymphatic presentations of Noonan syndrome.

Introduction: Rare pathogenic variants in the and genes are the main molecular causes of Noonan syndrome (NS). Most are dominant gain-of-function variants that cause an overactivation of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation in many organs and systems. Albeit phenotypically heterogeneous, NS can be associated with severe cardiovascular and lymphatic anomalies, potentially lethal during infancy, neonatal and fetal periods.

Pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia, associated with substantial morbidity and a reduced quality of life. The current standard of care, transcatheter pulmonary vein isolation using thermal ablation techniques, provides symptom relief but carries a risk of collateral tissue damage. In recent years, pulsed field ablation, a nonthermal technique based on irreversible electroporation, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional thermal ablation methods.

FAPI PET in the Management of Lung Tumors.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), selectively expressed on activated fibroblasts in proliferating tissues, is emerging as a promising target in oncology. In lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, [F]FDG PET/CT has set the bar high and earned widespread recognition in clinical guidelines for its essential role in staging and follow-up. Yet, FAP-targeted imaging agents like FAPI PET/CT have demonstrated significant potential due to their high tumor specificity, rapid tracer uptake, and low background activity.

Major adverse cardiovascular, thromboembolic and malignancy events in the filgotinib rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis clinical development programmes.

Objectives: Long-term safety is fundamental for treatment decision-making. This integrated analysis of filgotinib clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ulcerative colitis (UC) assessed adverse events of interest (AEI): major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), venous thromboembolism (VTE) and malignancies.

Methods: Data were integrated from all phase II and III trials that have investigated filgotinib 100 mg or 200 mg once daily in RA and UC to date.

Principles of good practice for translation of electronic clinical outcome assessments.

Background: While many publications have outlined good practice recommendations for translation and electronic implementation of clinical outcome assessments (COAs), they are often treated as independent processes. The scientific literature currently lacks recommended guidelines on the process of concurrent translation, cultural adaptation and electronic implementation of COAs for clinical research. In response to this need, the ISOQOL Translation and Cultural Adaptation Special Interest Group (TCA-SIG) sought to identify actionable steps for addressing the scientific and operational intricacies in this concurrent process.

Comprehensive Needs Assessment for Enhancing Self-Management in People with Lipoedema and the Support Provided by Their Healthcare Professionals.

Background: The cause of lipoedema remains unclear, and the condition is currently incurable. Effective self-management is therefore essential for coping with its physical and psychological impacts and the necessary lifestyle adjustments. This study aimed to assess the needs, barriers, and facilitators for enhancing self-management and self-management support from the perspectives of people with lipoedema and the healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in their care.

Cost-effectiveness of advanced hybrid closed loop therapy compared to standard insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes in pregnancy: an economic evaluation of the CRISTAL trial.

Background: A multicentre, randomised controlled trial (the CRISTAL trial), demonstrated the safety and efficacy of MiniMed™ 780G advanced hybrid closed loop (AHCL) therapy during pregnancy, showing improved glycaemic control overnight, less hypoglycaemia, and improved treatment satisfaction compared to standard insulin therapy (SoC, mainly open-loop insulin pump therapy). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of AHCL, which has a higher initial cost, compared to SoC in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: A decision tree model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of AHCL compared to SoC in pregnant women with T1D, covering pregnancy to birth and postpartum hospital discharge (a time horizon of 28 weeks).

Best practices for engaging with affected communities: chronic hepatitis B as a case study.

Hepatitis B is the single most common cause of liver cancer, affecting > 250 million people worldwide (mostly in resource limited communities) and killing > 1 million people annually. The condition is marked by poor rates of diagnosis (14%) and treatment (8% of eligible individuals). As with many health conditions, engagement with the affected community is crucial for designing, promoting, and advocating for effective solutions in the health system.

Specialized mental healthcare use for common mental disorders and prescription of antidepressants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among working-age refugees and Swedish-born individuals - a nationwide register-based study.

Background: It is known that refugees have an elevated risk of common mental disorders (CMDs, including depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders). The effect of the coronavirus disease pandemic on healthcare use due to CMDs in refugees is yet unknown, especially in socioeconomically deprived groups. We conducted a population-wide study comparing specialized healthcare use for CMDs and antidepressant prescriptions before and during the pandemic in refugees and Swedish-born, and investigated differences by labor market marginalization and education.

Analysis of the factors associated with sexual health improvement in patients who underwent surgical management for adult spine deformity.

Background: Spinal deformity can have a severe impact on the patient's sexual health. Eventually, this can lead to depression and relationship distress. Spinal surgical management is suggested to improve sexual function, however, the literature concerning these aspects is still scarce.

Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy for the treatment of patients with cardiac metastasis: a multicenter international retrospective study.

Background: Data on the safety profiles and clinical outcomes of patients with solid tumors and cardiac metastasis treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are limited.

Methods: This is an international multicenter retrospective study of patients with cancer and cardiac metastasis at baseline. Patients who had received ≥1 dose of ICI were included.

Optimizing Advance Care Planning in Dementia: Recommendations from a 33-Country Delphi Study.

Context: . Advance care planning (ACP) is relevant yet challenging with cognitive decline.

Objective: .

Barriers to Deprescribing Benzodiazepines in Older Adults in a Survey of European Physicians.

Importance: The use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA) poses serious health risks to older adults. Although several guidelines recommend deprescribing, implementation in clinical practice remains limited.

Objective: To identify physicians' barriers to and enablers of deprescribing BZRA in adults aged 65 years and older taking a BZRA for sleep problems; to determine factors associated with hospital physicians' intention to deprescribe BZRA and their self-reported routine BZRA deprescribing.

Sex Differences in Longitudinal Tau-PET in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease: A Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Alzheimer disease (AD) predominates in females at almost twice the rate relative to males. Mounting evidence in adults without AD indicates that females exhibit higher tau deposition than age-matched males, particularly in the setting of elevated β-amyloid (Aβ), but the evidence for sex differences in tau accumulation rates is inconclusive.

Objective: To examine whether female sex is associated with faster tau accumulation in the setting of high Aβ (as measured with positron emission tomography [PET]) and the moderating influence of sex on the association between APOEε4 carrier status and tau accumulation.

The first comparative study on the effectiveness of slow freezing and vitrification of human ovarian tissue by xenotransplantation model in Vietnam.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of slow freezing (SF) and vitrification (VT) for ovarian tissue cryopreservation using a xenograft model.

Methods: From September 2020 to August 2023, ovarian tissues from patients aged 18 to 37 undergoing benign ovarian surgery were divided into three groups. Group 1: fresh tissues (FC) were immediately fixed for analysis.

Multicenter Belgian prospective registry on minimally invasive and open liver surgery (BReLLS): experience from 1342 consecutive cases.

Purpose: Minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) still appears to be adopted with significant variability. We aimed to investigate the diffusion, indications, and short-term outcomes of MILS compared to the open approach.

Methods: A prospective registry of all liver resections performed for any indication and using any technique between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019, was established (BReLLS) and analyzed.

Fully Threaded Versus Partially Threaded Intramedullary Headless Compression Screw Fixation for Proximal Third Fractures of the Proximal Phalanx: A Biomechanical Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the maximal elastic force and deformation resistance of two commonly used headless compression screw systems, a fully threaded 2.5 mm screw and a partially threaded screw of the same dimensions, in a cadaveric model of a human transverse proximal third fracture of the proximal phalanx.

Methods: Six fresh frozen cadavers were used, and the proximal phalanges of the index, long, and ring fingers of both hands were dissected.

Accuracy of Liferiver HarmoniaHPV and VenusHPV Assays on Urine and Vaginal Self-Samples.

In this report, the clinical performance of Liferiver HarmoniaHPV and Liferiver VenusHPV was evaluated under the VALHUDES framework. Five hundred and twenty-three women collected first-void urine (FVU) with Colli-Pee and vaginal samples with Evalyn Brush or Qvintip. Cervical samples were taken with the Cervex Brush by a clinician.

The role of oxidative post-translational modifications in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis.

The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune processes, and environmental factors, leading to the selective destruction of pancreatic beta-cells by the immune system. Emerging evidence suggests that intrinsic beta-cell factors, including oxidative stress and post-translational modifications (PTM) of beta-cell antigens, may also contribute to their immunogenicity, shedding new light on the multifaceted pathogenesis of T1D. Over the past 30 years, neoepitopes generated by PTMs have been hypothesized to play a role in T1D pathogenesis, but their involvement has only been systematically investigated in recent years.