Mapping the landscape of Hospital at home (HaH) care: a validated taxonomy for HaH care model classification.

Background: Hospital at home (HaH) care models have gained significant attention due to their potential to reduce healthcare costs, improve patient satisfaction, and lower readmission rates. However, the lack of a standardized classification system has hindered systematic evaluation and comparison of these models. Taxonomies serve as classification systems that simplify complexity and enhance understanding within a specific domain.

Prognostic impact of expression of CD2, CD25, and/or CD30 in/on mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: a registry study of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis.

Expression of CD2, CD25 and/or CD30 in extracutaneous mast cells (MC) is a minor diagnostic criterion for systemic mastocytosis (SM) in the classification of the World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification. So far, it remains unknown whether expression of these antigens on MC is of prognostic significance in SM. We performed a retrospective multi-center study of patients with SM using the data set of the registry of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis, including 5034 patients with various MC disorders.

Hemodynamic Valve Deterioration After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Reports on the durability of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) prostheses are scarce and confounded by varying definitions and competing risks of death.

Objectives: The authors sought to determine the incidence, predictors, and clinical outcomes of hemodynamic valve deterioration (HVD) according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 definition after TAVR.

Methods: We analyzed consecutive patients undergoing TAVR in the prospective Bern TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) registry between August 2007 and June 2022 for the incidence and predictors of HVD and performed case control-matching to compare outcomes according to HVD.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing 3 Aortic Valve Interventions: The THIRD Multicenter Registry.

Background: Lifetime treatment of aortic valve disease is a matter of increasing debate. Although the risks of a second aortic valve intervention are recognized, little attention has been given to the challenges of a third.

Objectives: This study delves into the clinical characteristics, indications, and outcomes of patients undergoing 3 aortic valve interventions.

A randomised phase III study of bevacizumab and carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy with or without atezolizumab, as first-line treatment for advanced pleural mesothelioma: results of the ETOP 13 18 BEAT-meso trial.

Background: The currently approved frontline treatments for diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) are ipilimumab-nivolumab or platinum-pemetrexed. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy improves overall survival (OS). While single-agent immunotherapy or chemotherapy-immunotherapy combinations are superior to chemotherapy monotherapy, there is a potential for synergistic triple combination of chemotherapy, bevacizumab, and immunotherapy.

Automated analysis of spoken language differentiates multiple system atrophy from Parkinson's disease.

Background And Objectives: Patients with synucleinopathies such as multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently display speech and language abnormalities. We explore the diagnostic potential of automated linguistic analysis of natural spontaneous speech to differentiate MSA and PD.

Methods: Spontaneous speech of 39 participants with MSA compared to 39 drug-naive PD and 39 healthy controls matched for age and sex was transcribed and linguistically annotated using automatic speech recognition and natural language processing.

The Impact of Temperature on Extracting Information From Clinical Trial Publications Using Large Language Models.

Introduction The application of natural language processing (NLP) for extracting data from biomedical research has gained momentum with the advent of large language models (LLMs). However, the effect of different LLM parameters, such as temperature settings, on biomedical text mining remains underexplored and a consensus on what settings can be considered "safe" is missing. This study evaluates the impact of temperature settings on LLM performance for a named entity recognition and a classification task in clinical trial publications.

Outcome of Patients Transplanted for C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

Introduction: Approximately 50% of patients with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and primary immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN) reach kidney failure 10 years after diagnosis. Because these patients are generally young, the majority will be listed for kidney transplantation (KTx). However, reported outcomes in patients transplanted for C3G and IC-MPGN are heterogeneous and conflicting, because they are mainly based on retrospective monocentric studies.

Dynamic X-ray Microtomography vs. Laser-Doppler Vibrometry: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: There are challenges in understanding the biomechanics of the human middle ear, and established methods for studying this system show significant limitations. In this study, we evaluate a novel dynamic imaging technique based on synchrotron X-ray microtomography designed to assess the biomechanical properties of the human middle ear by comparing it to laser-Doppler vibrometry (LDV).

Methods: We examined three fresh-frozen temporal bones (TB), two donated by white males and one by a Black female, using dynamic synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography for 256 and 512 Hz, stimulated at 110 dB and 120 dB sound pressure level (SPL).

Prognostic significance of the mEPE score in intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients undergoing ultrahypofractionated robotic SBRT.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters on biochemical failure-free survival (BFS) in patients diagnosed with intermediate-risk prostate cancer and treated with robotic ultrahypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer undergoing robotic SBRT delivered in five fractions with a total radiation dose of 35-36.25 Gy.

Predictors of 7-day mortality in critically ill patients with hyperglycemic crisis : A single center retrospective analysis.

Aim/hypothesis: The main aim of the study was to identify point of care available laboratory and clinical predictors of 7‑day mortality in critically ill patients with a hyperglycemic crisis.

Methods: A retrospective study of 990 patients with the first hospitalization due to hyperglycemia was performed. Patients were classified as having diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or being in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA).

Patterns of incident Burkitt lymphoma during the HIV epidemic among the Black African and White population in South Africa.

Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) may be HIV-associated but data on BL trends in South Africa (SA), where HIV is highly prevalent, are scarce. We compared BL incidence trends over 36 years among Black African and White individuals.

Methods: We included histologically diagnosed BL from the National Cancer Registry in SA between 1986-2021.

A diagnostic host-specific transcriptome response for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia to guide pediatric patient treatment.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes atypical pneumonia in children and young adults. Its lack of a cell wall makes it resistant to beta-lactams, which are the first-line treatment for typical pneumonia. Current diagnostic tests are time-consuming and have low specificity, leading clinicians to administer empirical antibiotics.

Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in severe mitral regurgitation following acute myocardial infarction - aetiology-based analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the association between transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) and outcomes in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) following acute myocardial infarction (MI), focusing on the aetiology of acute post-MI MR in high-risk surgical patients.

Methods And Results: The International Registry of MitraClip in Acute Mitral Regurgitation following Acute Myocardial Infarction (IREMMI) includes 187 patients with severe MR post-MI managed with TEER. Of these, 176 were included in the analysis, 23 (13%) patients had acute papillary muscle rupture (PMR) and 153 (87%) acute secondary MR.

Reduced Lower Body Muscular Strength and Endurance among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer.

Introduction: Impaired physical fitness is a possible late effect among adult survivors of childhood cancer (ASCC). Our study describes lower body muscular strength and endurance among ASCC using the 1-minute sit-to-stand (1-min STS) test, compares them with the general population, identifies risk factors, and describes changes over time.Methods: In a prospective multicenter cohort study, we invited ASCC ≥18 years of age at study, diagnosed between ages 0-20 treated in five pediatric oncology centers across Switzerland from 1976-2017 who survived ≥5 years for a 1-min STS test.

Topical Caspofungin 0.5% Monotherapy for Filamentous Fungal Keratitis.

Purpose: To describe a case series of patients with 12 fungal keratitis treated with caspofungin 0.5% eye drops.

Methods: In this study, 12 patients diagnosed with fungal keratitis were treated with topical compounded caspofungin 0.

Outcome of a Mix-and-Match Approach with a Monofocal Aspherical and a Bifocal Extended Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens to Achieve Extended Monovision in Cataract Patients.

Background: Extended monovision is a novel mix-and-match approach that has been recently introduced. It involves implanting an aspherical monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) for distance vision in the dominant eye, and a bifocal extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOL in the nondominant eye. The target refraction for the nondominant eye is - 1.

Intra-Arterial Tenecteplase Following Endovascular Reperfusion for Large Vessel Occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-TNK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The impact of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase administration following near-complete to complete reperfusion by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke is unknown.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke who had achieved near-complete to complete reperfusion (defined as a score on the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] scale of 2c to 3) after EVT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, blinded outcome assessment trial implemented at 34 hospitals in China among 540 patients with stroke due to proximal intracranial large vessel occlusion within 24 hours of the time they were last known to be well, with an eTICI score of 2c to 3 after EVT, and without prior intravenous thrombolysis.

Intra-Arterial Urokinase After Endovascular Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-UK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Persisting or new thrombi in the distal arteries and the microcirculation have been reported to limit the benefits of successful endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. It remains uncertain whether intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase following near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy improves outcomes among patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of intra-arterial urokinase after near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Enhancing safety in CT-guided lung biopsies: correlation of MinIP imaging with pneumothorax risk prediction.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether minimum-intensity projection (MinIP) images could predict complications in CT-guided lung biopsies.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 72 procedures from January 2019 to December 2023, categorizing patients by pneumothorax and the severity of hemorrhage (grade 2 or higher). Radiodensity measurements were performed using lung window (LW) and MinIP (10-mm slab) images.

First-Line Chemo-Immunotherapy in SCLC: Outcomes of a Binational Real-World Study.

Introduction: SCLC is characterized by aggressiveness and limited treatment options, especially in extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). Immunotherapy added to the platinum-etoposide combination has recently become standard in this setting. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of chemo-immunotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC, focusing on subpopulations excluded from clinical trials.

Rabies in rural northeast India: A case report emphasising the urgency of the One Health approach.

Dog-mediated rabies is endemic in India. The country records the highest mortality due to dog-bite-related rabies despite the availability of interventions to prevent deaths. We present a case study of the death of a 59-year-old man in a suburban town of Northeast India after a dog bite from an owned pup.

Three-year course of clinical high-risk symptoms for psychosis in the community: a latent class analysis.

Aims: Clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) states exhibit diverse clinical presentations, prompting a shift towards broader outcome assessments beyond psychosis manifestation. To elucidate more uniform clinical profiles and their trajectories, we investigated CHR-P profiles in a community sample.

Methods: Participants ( = 829; baseline age: 16-40 years) comprised individuals from a Swiss community sample who were followed up over roughly 3 years.

Evaluation of three diagnostic algorithms to reduce normal scan rates, radiation exposure and costs in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome referred for 82Rb-Positron Emission Tomography (Rb-PET).

Background: The majority of functional ischemia tests in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) yield normal results. Implementing gatekeepers for patient preselection, such as pretest probability (PTP) and/or coronary artery calcium score (CACS), could reduce the number of normal scan results, radiation exposure and costs. However, the efficacy and safety of these approaches remain unclear.