Twenty-Three-Year Mortality in Parkinson's Disease: A Population-Based Prospective Study (NEDICES).

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders among older adults, yet its long-term impact on mortality within population-based cohorts remains insufficiently characterized. This study leverages data from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) cohort to provide a comprehensive 23-year mortality analysis in a Spanish population. In this prospective cohort study, 5278 individuals aged 65 years and older were evaluated across two waves: baseline (1994-1995) and follow-up (1997-1998).

Empirical antibiotic therapy improves outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: An emulated targeted trial within a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Background: Bacterial pulmonary superinfections develop in a substantial proportion of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients and are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation requirements and increased mortality. Albeit recommended, evidence supporting the use of empirical antibiotics at intubation is weak and of low quality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of empirical antibiotics, administered within 24 h of endotracheal intubation, on superinfections, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19.

Comorbidities Associated With Different Degrees of Severity in Children and Young People Hospitalized With Acute COVID-19.

In this prospective cohort study with 2326 hospitalized children and young people with coronavirus disease 2019 in Spain and Colombia, 36.4% had comorbidities. Asthma, recurrent wheezing, chronic neurological, cardiac and pulmonary diseases significantly increased the risk of severe outcomes such as death, mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission.

Psychometric properties of the Spanish Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory in people with heart diseases.

Background: Fatigue is one of the most limiting symptoms in individuals with heart disease (HD). However, valid and reliable instruments for assessing fatigue in clinical practice still need to be improved.

Objective: To assess the dimensional structure of the self-reported Spanish Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and analyze its psychometric properties in individuals with HD.

Actionable NSCLC Mutation Identification by Comprehensive Genomic Profiling for Clinical Trial Enrollment: The European Program for the Routine Testing of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (EPROPA).

Introduction: The advocacy Women Against Lung Cancer in Europe (WALCE) promoted the European Program for the Routine Testing of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (EPROPA) and provided a free-of-charge molecular profiling platform for NSCLC sample characterization with the aim of increasing the detection of targetable drivers and improving patients' access to clinical trials in Europe.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, 20 centers located at five different European countries (Greece, Slovenia, Romania, Albania, and Italy) joined EPROPA, with 555 patients with advanced NSCLC registered to the program. Anonymized patients' clinical-pathological data were shared through the EPROPA web platform and tissue samples were collected at the Molecular Pathology Unit of the Reference Center (University of Turin) for molecular analyses.

Expression profile of Bcl-2 family proteins in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.

Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins are involved in myeloma cell survival. To date, their expression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients has mostly been analyzed at the RNA level. In the present study, we quantified for the first time the protein expression of the Bcl2-family members using a capillary electrophoresis immunoassay in 120 newly diagnosed MM patients, aged ≤65 years, treated in the context of the PETHEMA/GEM2012 study.

Alpelisib plus fulvestrant in PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer after a CDK4/6 inhibitor (BYLieve): one cohort of a phase 2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative study.

Background: Alpelisib, a PI3Kα-selective inhibitor and degrader, plus fulvestrant showed efficacy in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, PIK3CA-mutated advanced breast cancer in SOLAR-1; limited data are available in the post-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor setting. BYLieve aimed to assess alpelisib plus endocrine therapy in this setting in three cohorts defined by immediate previous treatment; here, we report results from cohort A.

Methods: This ongoing, phase 2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative study enrolled patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer with tumour PIK3CA mutation, following progression on or after previous therapy, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, from 114 study locations (cancer centres, medical centres, university hospitals, and hospitals) in 18 countries worldwide.

Role of Avacopan on Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated (ANCA) vasculitis are a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by inflammation of the microvasculature, leading to life-threatening complications, including kidney disease. These diseases are associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Conventional treatment modalities have evolved towards personalized therapies intending to mitigate inflammation and minimize the adverse effects of traditional immunosuppressive agents.

Scrub Typhus Meningoencephalitis Presenting as Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus with Basal Ganglia and Extra-limbic Cortical Involvement, Complicated by Cortical Multifocal Myoclonus.

Background: Scrub typhus is an acute febrile infectious disease highly prevalent in the Asia Pacific region, often referred to as the "tsutsugamushi triangle." This mite-borne rickettsial zoonosis is caused by , an intracellular Gram-negative organism that primarily targets endothelial cells. The resulting vasculitis leads to multisystem involvement.

Crossed Wernicke's Aphasia With Focal Clonic Cluster Seizures With Secondary Generalization Mimicking Faciobrachial Seizures Following a Right Middle-Cerebral-Artery Ischemic Stroke: A Novel Phenotypic Presentation.

Crossed Wernicke's aphasia (CWA) following a stroke is a rare clinical phenomenon, particularly when associated with seizures. This case report presents a unique instance of crossed CWA accompanied by focal clonic cluster seizures affecting the left arm and face, with secondary generalization, in a monolingual Bengali-speaking patient following a right middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke. The patient, a 70-year-old male from rural India, presented with acute behavioral abnormalities and language impairment.

Nuclear versus cytoplasmic IKKα signaling in keratinocytes leads to opposite skin phenotypes and inflammatory responses, and a different predisposition to cancer.

IKKα is known as an essential protein for skin homeostasis. However, the lack of suitable models to investigate its functions in the skin has led to IKKα being mistakenly considered as a suppressor of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development. In this study, using our previously generated transgenic mouse models expressing exogenous IKKα in the cytoplasm (C-IKKα mice) or in the nucleus (N-IKKα mice) of basal keratinocytes, we demonstrate that at each subcellular localization, IKKα differently regulates signaling pathways important for maintaining the balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and for the cutaneous inflammatory response.

Redefining Cognitive Domains in the Era of ChatGPT: A Comprehensive Analysis of Artificial Intelligence's Influence and Future Implications.

Background And Objectives: Despite its extensive utilization, research on Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT)'s potential negative impact on specific cognitive processes is scarce. This article explores the widespread use of ChatGPT in educational, corporate, and various other sectors, focusing on its interaction with distinct cognitive domains such as attention, executive function, language, memory, visuospatial abilities, and social cognition.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, identifying 256 articles, with 29 peer-reviewed articles analyzed after screening for relevance.

Blood-based circulating biomarkers for prediction of immune-checkpoint inhibitors efficacy in renal cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-based combinations have become the standard first-line treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Despite significant improvements in survival and the achievement of sustained long-term responses, a subset of patients remains refractory to ICI, and most will eventually develop resistance. Thus, identifying predictive biomarkers for ICI efficacy and resistance is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies.

Challenging Neurological Presentation: Scrub Typhus with Meningoencephalitis and Multiple Cranial Nerve Involvement.

A 40-year-old male farmer from rural West Bengal, India, presented with fever, headaches, seizure, eschar, and palsy of left cranial nerves VII, VIII, IX, and X as a rare clinical manifestation of scrub typhus. Positive IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests in serum and cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the diagnosis, with brain magnetic resonance imaging showing meningoencephalitis findings. Treatment with steroids and doxycycline led to neurological improvement.

Glucose-Lowering Drugs and Primary Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Real-World Primary Care Study.

The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, as is the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Post-hoc analyses of clinical trials support that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors agonists (GLP-1RAs) prevent CKD in T2DM patients. We used the Spanish primary care database BIFAP to perform a retrospective cohort study with a nested case-control analysis to assess the incidence, risk factors, and the effect of glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) on the primary prevention of CKD.