Incidence of hospital-acquired infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in critically ill patients in Italy: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria, including Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), are common causes of infections in intensive care units (ICUs) in Italy.

Objective: This prospective observational study evaluated the epidemiology, management, microbiological characterization, and outcomes of hospital-acquired CRE or CRPA infections treated in selected ICUs in Italy.

Methods: The study included patients with hospital-acquired infections due to CRE and CRPA treated in 20 ICUs from June 2021 to February 2023.

Neuroendocrine Tumors: Germline Genetics and Hereditary Syndromes.

The vast majority of neuroendocrine 'neoplasms (NENs) are sporadic, although recent evidence has indicated that a subset of these cancers may also originate as a result of genetic germline mutations. To date, 10% of these cancers can be linked to an inherited genetic syndrome. Genetic diagnosis is crucial for patients with a suspected hereditary NEN syndrome, as it recognizes patients carrying germline mutations and allows for personalized clinical follow-up, considering the higher risk of developing other tumours.

Bacillary layer detachment: Updates on its clinical and prognostic significance in retinal disease.

Bacillary layer detachment (BALAD) refers to the distinctive splitting at the level of the photoreceptor inner segment myoid and accumulation of intraretinal fluid, as seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT).BALAD is an increasingly recognized OCT biomarker of numerous heterogeneous chorioretinal diseases, including posterior uveitis, age-related macular degeneration and macular neovascularization, neoplastic and paraneoplastic retinal disorders, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, blunt ocular trauma, and miscellaneous conditions. The recognition of BALAD is clinically relevant because, based on the specific etiology, BALAD may require simple observation, ocular or systemic medical treatment, or even surgical intervention, with subsequent different prognosis.

Left ventricular elastance with resting volumetric transthoracic echocardiography identifies different phenotypes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous entity including patients with different phenotypes of near normal, normal, and supernormal left ventricular (LV) function.

Objectives: To assess the value of resting LV elastance (also known as force) with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to identify HFpEF phenotypes.

Methods: In a prospective, observational, multicenter study, 2380 HFpEF patients were recruited from July 2016 to May 2024.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Incidence in Scleroderma Patients Treated with Bosentan for Digital Ulcers: Evidence from the Italian SPRING Registry.

Objective: Bosentan (BOS) is approved for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and preventing digital ulcers (DU) in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our study aimed to evaluate whether BOS prescribed for DU could reduce the incidence of PAH in a large SSc cohort from the SPRING registry.

Methods: Patients with SSc from the SPRING registry, meeting ACR/EULAR 2013 classification criteria with data on PAH onset, DU status, BOS exposure, and at least a one-year follow-up between 2015 and 2020, and no known PAH at baseline were included.

Effectiveness, safety, and impact on multiple sclerosis course of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies.

Background: Migraine affects up to 40% of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the combination of antibodies (mAbs) against CGRP (anti-CGRP mAbs) with disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) for MS (mAb and non-mAbs) and their impact on MS disease course.

Methods: This retrospective, multicentric study included PwMS from 14 MS Centers, treated with an anti-CGRP mAb and a stable treatment with DMTs.

Progress and Challenges in Integrating Nutritional Care into Oncology Practice: Results from a National Survey on Behalf of the NutriOnc Research Group.

Introduction: Nutritional care is a cornerstone of cancer treatment, with the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes by addressing malnutrition and enhancing recovery. Despite growing awareness, the integration of evidence-based nutritional strategies into oncology remains inconsistent. Following a 2020 survey that highlighted critical gaps, the NutriOnc Research Group launched targeted initiatives to raise awareness and improve practices.

Prognostic Value of Myocardial CT-ECV in Severe Aortic Stenosis Requiring Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: Computed tomography (CT)-derived extracellular volume fraction (ECV) is a non-invasive method to quantify myocardial fibrosis. Evaluating CT-ECV during aortic valve replacement (AVR) planning CT in severe aortic stenosis (AS) may aid prognostic stratification. This meta-analysis evaluated the prognostic significance of CT-ECV in severe AS necessitating AVR.

Outcomes and prognostic indicators in daratumumab-refractory multiple myeloma: a multicenter real-world study of elotuzumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone in 247 patients.

Background: Daratumumab-refractory multiple myeloma (Dara-R MM) presents a significant treatment challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and survival outcomes of elotuzumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone (EloPd) in a large, real-world cohort of patients with Dara-R MM, with particular focus on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included 247 Dara-R MM patients treated with EloPd.

A Rare Case of Posterior Fossa Syndrome Associated with Neuropathic Pain Successfully Treated with a Combination of Gabapentin, Diazepam and Baclofen-A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS), also known as cerebellar mutism syndrome, occurs in about 25% of pediatric patients undergoing resection of a posterior cranial fossa medulloblastoma. It is characterized primarily by mutism or reduced/impaired speech and may include variable symptoms such as motor dysfunction (apraxia, ataxia, hypotonia), supranuclear cranial nerve palsies, neurocognitive changes, and emotional lability. Long-term multidisciplinary rehabilitation is typically required, with recovery taking approximately six months, though many children experience long-term residual deficits.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Monoclonal Gammopathies of Renal Significance (MGRS): An Update.

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) refers to a group of renal disorders caused by a monoclonal immunoglobulin (MIg), secreted by a non-malignant B-cell clone. Unlike overt multiple myeloma or B-cell proliferation, MGRS does not meet those diagnostic criteria. However, it is associated with significant morbidity, due to severe renal, and sometimes systemic, lesions induced by the MIg.

Effectiveness and tolerability of rimegepant in the acute treatment of migraine: a real-world, prospective, multicentric study (GAINER study).

Background: Rimegepant, a novel oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, has been recently approved for the acute migraine treatment. While its efficacy was confirmed in randomized clinical trials, no data is available regarding real-life effectiveness and tolerability. GAINER, a prospective, multicentric study, aimed to evaluate rimegepant effectiveness and tolerability in the real-world setting.

First-line immune-based combinations or sunitinib in favorable-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a real-world retrospective comparison from the ARON-1 study.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of urogenital cancer. The introduction of immune-based combinations, including dual immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has radically changed the treatment landscape for metastatic RCC, showing varying efficacy across different prognostic groups based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study, part of the ARON-1 project, aimed to evaluate the outcomes of favorable-risk metastatic RCC patients treated with immune-based combinations or sunitinib.

Multifocal Electroretinography Changes in Patients with Late-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) After Smaller-Incision New-Generation Implantable Miniature Telescope (SING IMT): A Case Series.

The smaller-incision new-generation implantable miniature telescope (SING IMT) represents an advancement over the previous model, WA-IMT, serving as a unilateral prosthetic device for patients with late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study aims to report changes in multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) 6 months post-SING IMT implantation. In this case series, we prospectively evaluated a cohort of phakic patients with late-stage AMD who underwent SING IMT implantation at the Ophthalmology Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in women: A forgotten cardiovascular risk factor.

Sleep-disordered breathing is a highly prevalent disorder with negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide. This condition has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health and quality of life, and is frequently associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Nevertheless, it remains frequently undiagnosed and undertreated, especially in specific populations.

Hymenoptera venom allergy in children.

From a taxonomic point of view, Hymenoptera are subclassified into families: Apidae, including honeybees (Apis mellifera) and bumblebees (Bombus), and Vespidae, which, in turn, are divided into the subfamilies of Vespinae (wasps, including hornets, vespules, dolichovespules) and Polistinae (paper wasp). Hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera venom can be linked to immunological (IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated) and non-immunological mechanisms. Reactions are classified into local reactions, large local reactions, systemic reactions, toxic reactions, and unusual reactions.

Intraoperative OCT-Guided Selective Epiretinal Membrane (ERM) Peeling Versus ERM and Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Tractional Macular Edema in Diabetic Eyes.

Background And Aim: Despite the abundant literature, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling remains a controversial topic, especially in diabetic eyes. We compared the safety and effectiveness of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)-assisted selective epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling with dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling, for the treatment of tractional diabetic macular edema (tDME).

Material And Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, we evaluated consecutive patients with tDME who underwent iOCT-assisted selective ERM peeling (Group A) or "dual blue" dye-assisted ERM and ILM peeling (Group B).

Retrospective-Prospective Observational Study of Italian Patients Treated in Melanoma Adjuvant Cohort MAP-MADAM (Maximing ADjuvAnt MAP): Interim Analysis.

: Dabrafenib and trametinib (D + T) have been approved for the treatment of stage III melanoma with BRAF V600E V600K mutations in an adjuvant setting, based on the results from the COMBI-AD trial. To provide early access to this combination therapy prior to its commercial availability in Italy, a Managed Access Program (MAP) was run in Italy from June 2018 to December 2019. : The MADAM (Maximing ADjuvAnt MAP) study is an Italian retrospective-prospective observational study that included patients who received at least one dose of D + T through the MAP.

Uterine Carcinosarcoma (UCS): A Literature Review and Survival Analysis from a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCSs) are rare and aggressive malignancies with limited epidemiological data. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and pathological features and prognostic factors of UCS in a retrospective cohort of 80 patients, contributing to improved management strategies.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of UCS cases treated from 1995 to 2024 at three institutions.

Noninvasive Assessment of portal Hypertension in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis is Affected by Severity of Cholestasis.

Background & Aims: Noninvasive tests (NITs) for ruling-out clinical significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and high-risk varices (HRVs) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) are lacking. We evaluated NITs in these patients and the influence of cholestasis on their performance.

Methods: Consecutive patients from the "Italian PBC registry" and 2 United Kingdom large-volume PBC referral centers with upper endoscopy within 6 months from biochemical evaluation and transient elastography were included.