The use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for severe asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.

Introduction: To evaluate the effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) versus standard therapy in severe asthma exacerbations through meta-analysis.

Methods: Nine randomized controlled trials (344 patients) were analyzed from inception to August 2024. Primary outcomes included respiratory rate, forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), and oxygen saturation (SpO2).

Immunohistochemical Expression of PAX8 in Central Nervous System Hemangioblastomas: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall for Neuropathologists.

The histologic differential diagnosis between intracranial hemangioblastoma (HB) and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma may be challenging, especially considering that both tumors exhibit clear cell morphology and can be associated with vHL mutation and/or Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. As the execution of immunohistochemical analyses is often mandatory, the expression of PAX8 has been traditionally considered a reliable marker of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, being consistently negative in intracranial HB. However, as in recent years, some cases of PAX8-positive HBs have been reported in the literature; we studied the expression of this antibody on a series of 23 intracranial HB, showing that about 40% of these tumors may express PAX8 and that this immunoreactivity is often focal and weak.

Tildrakizumab and Quality of Life: Deep Dive into the Impact of Psoriasis and Treatment on Different Domains-Should Psychosocial Life Impairment Be Considered a Comorbidity?

: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that may have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Alongside clinical scores, treatment goals include improvements in patients' quality of life, divided into its social, working and psychosocial life aspects. Indeed, psychological impairment should always be considered in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

Prognostic impact of depth of response and early tumour shrinkage in patients with -mutated metastatic colorectal cancer treated with targeted therapy.

Background: Encorafenib plus cetuximab (EC) is the standard of care for pre-treated mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Depth of response (DpR) and early tumour shrinkage (ETS) previously showed a strong correlation with survival outcomes of first-line chemotherapy ± biological agents.

Objectives: We aimed to assess potential predictors of primary resistance to EC ± binimetinib (B) and relationships of DpR/ETS with survival outcomes and clinical characteristics.

High-risk percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction deemed not suitable for surgical revascularisation. A clinical consensus statement from the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) in collaboration with the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Surgery.

This clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions was developed in association with the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiovascular Surgery. It aims to define procedural and contemporary technical requirements that may improve the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), both in the acute phase and at long-term follow-up, in a high-risk cohort of patients on optimal medical therapy when clinical and anatomical high-risk criteria are present that entail unacceptable surgical risks, precluding the feasibility of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This document pertains to patients with surgical contraindication according to the Heart Team, in whom medical therapy has failed (e.

Polymer-free versus biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stent in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an assessor-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Few data are available on polymer-free drug-eluting stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Aims: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of a polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stent (AES), using a reservoir-based technology for drug delivery, compared with a biodegradable-polymer everolimus-eluting stent (EES).

Methods: This was a randomised, investigator-initiated, assessor-blind, non-inferiority trial conducted at 14 hospitals in Italy (ClinicalTrials.

Establishing an Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Program.

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is a complex, life-saving procedure that uses mechanical support for patients with refractory cardiac arrest, representing the pinnacle of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) applications. Effective ECPR requires precise patient selection, rapid mobilization of a multidisciplinary team, and skilled cannulation techniques. Establishing a program necessitates a cohesive ECMO system that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration, which is essential for managing acute cardiogenic shock and severe pulmonary failure.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as Life Support in Neonatal Respiratory Failure: A Single-Center Cohort Study and a Systematic Review.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life support in newborns with severe respiratory failure. Our main objective was to evaluate the mortality of patients and define positive and negative predictive factors of survival.

Methods: We performed a Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)-conformed retrospective observational study and a systematic review, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Advancing Glaucoma Treatment During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Contemporary Management Strategies and Prospective Therapeutic Developments.

The management of glaucoma in pregnancy and breastfeeding requires a careful evaluation of treatment choices to guarantee the well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. This review explores the intricacies of controlling glaucoma in pregnant and breastfeeding women, including a comprehensive overview of existing glaucoma treatment methods, clinical guidelines, and future therapeutic approaches. The efficacy and safety profiles of traditional treatment approaches, such as topical and systemic medicines and surgical treatments, are evaluated specifically about their use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Assessing the Theoretical Efficacy of Combination Therapy Against Gram-Negative Infections in Neutropenic Pediatric Cancer Patients: Insights from the Statistical Analysis of Survey Data.

: Empirical antibacterial therapy for febrile neutropenia reduces mortality due to Gram-negative blood stream infections (BSIs). Pediatric guidelines recommend monotherapy with an antipseudomonal beta-lactam or a carbapenem and to add a second anti-Gram-negative agent in selected situations. We evaluated the changes in the proportions of resistance of beta-lactam monotherapies vs.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a tool to prevent cerebral desaturation in newborns with bradycardia events: A systematic review.

Objective: Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive tool providing real-time continuous measurement of regional cerebral blood oxygenation and indirect blood flow. The aim of this review is to determine the best evidence to guide the use of NIRS to detect and avoid abnormalities of cerebral perfusion and oxygenation in newborns with bradycardia.

Design: For this systematic review according to PRISMA Statement, we reviewed papers from 2000 to 2023.

Acute suppurative thyroiditis in a child secondary to pyriform sinus fistula: From single case to systematic review.

Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST), a rare yet potentially life-threatening infection, comprises less than 1 % of neck pathologies and requires prompt treatment. Symptoms range from neck pain and fever to dysphagia and possible abscess formation. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the primary treatment; however, surgical drainage may be necessary for abscesses to prevent systemic infection.

Esophagectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis: systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term outcomes.

Patients with esophageal cancer and concomitant liver cirrhosis (LC) pose a surgical challenge because of the increased risk of postoperative complications and mortality. Purpose of this study was to review the existing literature and estimate perioperative short-term outcomes of esophagectomy in this patient population. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dynamical complexity of postural control system in autism spectrum disorder: a feasibility study of linear and non-linear measures in posturographic analysis of upright posture.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication with restricted and repetitive behavior. Postural and motor disturbances occur more often in ASD, in comparison to typically developing subjects, affecting the quality of life. Linear and non-linear indexes derived from the trajectory of the center of pressure (COP) while subjects stand on force platforms are commonly used to assess postural stability.

Benralizumab: from tissue distribution to eosinophilic cytotoxicity up to potential immunoregulation.

Introduction: Benralizumab, a monoclonal IgG antibody, has emerged as a key therapeutic agent in severe asthma by specifically targeting eosinophils, pivotal cells that drive inflammation and tissue damage. Over the past two decades, the availability of such targeted therapies has allowed patients to achieve better disease control. Real-world evidence has consistently demonstrated the effectiveness of benralizumab in managing severe asthma.

Predictors and Long-Term Prognostic Significance of Bailout Stenting During Percutaneous Coronary Interventions With Sirolimus-Coated Balloon: A Subanalysis of the Eastbourne Study.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-coated balloon (DCB) has been expanding progressively in recent years. Convincing evidence demonstrated the ability of some DCB to promote positive vessel remodeling, with potential clinical benefits at follow-up. When PCI with DCB results in suboptimal angiographic results (residual stenosis >30% or type C to F dissection), bailout stenting (BS) implantation is recommended to mitigate the risk of abrupt vessel occlusion or restenosis.

Clinico-Pathological Features of Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27-Altered in Adults: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature with an Additional Single-Institution Case Series.

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27-altered, is a WHO grade 4 malignant glioma located at midline structures, including the thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord. While H3 K27-altered DMG is more common in pediatric age in which it shows a uniformly aggressive clinical behavior, its occurrence is relatively unusual among adults, and its clinico-pathological and prognostic features are not fully characterized in this age group. In this present paper, a review of the literature, including all cases of adult H3 K27-altered DMG published from January 2010 to December 2023 was performed, and the following clinical parameters were evaluated: sex, age (median and range), anatomic site, median follow-up, leptomeningeal dissemination, local recurrence and treatment.

Minimally Invasive Versus Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background: Minimally invasive distal gastrectomy (MIDG) has been shown to be associated with improved short-term outcomes compared to open distal gastrectomy (ODG) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). The impact of MIDG on long-term patient survival remains debated. Aim was to compare the MIDG vs.

Depemokimab, the first ultra-long-acting anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Depemokimab, the first ultra-long-acting anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody, significantly reduced exacerbation rates in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma when administered biannually. While it offers potential benefits for patient adherence and convenience, the trials showed no improvement in symptoms and lung function. Further research is needed to determine its optimal place in therapy and identify patients who will benefit the most.

Comprehensive Overview of Retrograde-Antegrade Connection Techniques Without Externalization in Chronic Total Occlusion PCI: The Portal Techniques.

Background: Advancing the retrograde microcatheter (MC) into the antegrade guide catheter during retrograde chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be challenging or impossible, preventing guidewire externalization.

Objectives: To detail and evaluate all the techniques focused on wiring to achieve intubation of the distal tip of a microcatheter, balloon, or stent with an antegrade or retrograde guidewire, aiming to reduce complications by minimizing tension on fragile collaterals during externalization and enabling rapid antegrade conversion in various clinical scenarios.

Methods: We describe the two main techniques, tip-in and rendezvous, and their derivatives such a facilitated tip-in, manual MC-tip modification, tip-in the balloon, tip-in the stent, deep dive rendezvous, catch-it and antegrade microcatheter probing.