The Role of European Healthcare Databases for Post-Marketing Drug Effectiveness, Safety and Value Evaluation: Where Does Italy Stand?

Enormous progress has been made globally in the use of evidence derived from patients' clinical information as they access their routine medical care. The value of real-world data lies in their complementary nature compared with data from randomised controlled trials: less detailed information on drug efficacy but longer observational periods and larger, more heterogeneous study populations reflecting clinical practice because individuals are included who would not usually be recruited in trials. Real-world data can be collected in various types of electronic sources, such as electronic health records, claims databases and drug or disease registries.

Clinical management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: the state of the art.

Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating, progressive neuromuscular disorder for which there is no cure. As the dystrophin gene is located on the X chromosome, DMD occurs predominately in males. DMD is caused by a lack of functional dystrophin protein resulting from mutations in the 2.

Superinfection of a Dead Hepatic Echinococcal Cyst with a Cutaneous Fistulization.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also known as "hydatid disease" (HD), is a zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of , which infects humans as intermediate hosts through the orofecal route. Carried by the intestinal venous blood, the embryos released by the eggs of the tapeworms can reach every organ, especially the liver, turning into a hydatid cyst. Usually asymptomatic, the cysts can be incidentally detected through radiological examinations performed for other reasons.

Optimisation of window settings for traditional and noise-optimised virtual monoenergetic imaging in dual-energy computed tomography pulmonary angiography.

Objectives: To define optimal window settings for displaying virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) of dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA).

Methods: Forty-five patients who underwent clinically-indicated third-generation dual-source DE-CTPA were retrospectively evaluated. Standard linearly-blended (M_0.

Gastric volvulus in children--a diagnostic problem: two case reports.

Background: Gastric volvulus is a clinically significant cause of acute or recurrent abdominal pain and chronic vomiting in children. Since related clinical symptoms are nonspecific, clinicians often refer to radiologists for a diagnostic evaluation. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications of prolonged volvulus, such as intestinal ischemia, infarction, strangulation, necrosis, and perforation that may require immediate surgical treatment.

Redefining the intraepithelial lymphocytes threshold to diagnose gluten sensitivity in patients with architecturally normal duodenal histology.

Background: Accuracy of intraepithelial lymphocytes counts for diagnosing mild enteropathy coeliac disease in absence of villous atrophy can be limited by inappropriate controls included in the studies.

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of intraepithelial lymphocytes counts utilising controls lacking HLA coeliac disease-associated alleles.

Methods: Intraepithelial lymphocytes counting at villus tip and per 100 enterocytes was performed at haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and CD3-stainings in: 29 cases (21 with potential coeliac disease and 8 affected by latent coeliac disease) representing the patient population and 14 noncoeliac controls lacking HLA-DQ2/DQ8 alleles.

Evaluation of obesity in healthcare workers.

Background: Obesity is an international social problem.

Objectives: This study was aimed at evaluating the relationship of overweight and obesity with social dynamics and correlated biological indicators.

Subjects And Methods: The study was carried out on a group of healthcare workers employed in a large hospital in the province of Messina (Sicily, Italy).