Significant Published Articles for Pharmacy Nutrition Support Practice in 2018.

The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support therapy in staying current with pertinent literature. Several clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2018 considered important to their clinical practice. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to assess whether the article was considered important to nutrition support pharmacy practice.

Caring for and assessing pediatric patients: Aspects to consider as a pharmacy practitioner.

Purpose: Pharmacists care for patients of all ages. Pediatric patients are not smaller versions of adults; thus, they provide a unique challenge to pharmacists. Basic components of patient assessment and considerations for medication dosing and administration for pediatric patients are reviewed here.

Doravirine: A Return of the NNRTI Class?

To compare and contrast doravirine (DOR) with other agents in the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) class, review safety and efficacy data from both completed and ongoing clinical trials, and outline the potential place in therapy of DOR. : A literature search using the PubMed database (inception to June 2019) was conducted using the search terms , and . : Clinical data were limited to those published in the English language from phase 2 or 3 clinical trials.

Doxycycline and Tooth Discoloration in Children: Changing of Recommendations Based on Evidence of Safety.

Doxycycline use has historically been limited to children older than 8 years because of concerns regarding permanent tooth discoloration. Six studies assessed tooth discoloration in at least 338 patients exposed to doxycycline before 8 years of age. Six patients had potential discoloration, but studies consistently found no difference in tooth discoloration between exposed patients and controls.

Rationale of family medicine physicians in effectively identifying patients with chronic hyperglycemia through point-of-care hemoglobin A1C screenings.

Purpose: Many patients are unknowingly living with chronic hyperglycemia, possibly due to low screening rates. We aimed to correlate detection of unidentified chronic hyperglycemia to practitioner reported rationale for conducting diabetes screening.

Methods: Physicians screened patients via a point-of-care A1C tests and recorded corresponding rationales.

Medicare Annual Wellness Visits: A Scoping Review of Current Practice Models and Opportunities for Pharmacists.

Objective: To explore the existing practice models and practice opportunities surrounding pharmacist-delivered Medicare Annual Wellness Visits (AWVs), with the goal of improving patient access through advanced pharmacy-based health services.

Data Sources: English-language articles published in peer-reviewed journals from January 2011 to March 2018 were reviewed by searching PubMed and Google Scholar databases using permutations of terms such as "pharmacist/pharmacy," "Medicare," "Annual Wellness Visit," "develop/development," and "implement/implementation."

Study Selection And Data Extraction: Original articles reporting resources (inputs), processes, and programmatic outcomes (uptake and delivery, interventions made, financial models, satisfaction) of pharmacist-delivered AWV services were retained.

Student pharmacists' service-oriented learning at a camp for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Purpose: To describe advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) students' active learning engagement and changes in self-reported comfort with diabetes care activities by attending an overnight camp for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Educational Activity And Setting: Fourth-year pharmacy students spend one or two weeks at an overnight camp for children ages six to 18 years with T1DM as part of their APPE and assist with diabetes care activities while participating in daily living activities. Students complete a survey one week before and one week after camp where they self-report their comfort level performing 16 different diabetes-related tasks.

Revisiting Faculty Citizenship.

This commentary describes the significance of faculty citizenship in the broader context of institutional culture and defines faculty citizenship for use across all aspects of faculty roles in the Academy. The definition includes two key components (engagement and collegiality) that can be used to measure citizenship behaviors. Continued discussion and study of faculty citizenship will further the Academy's understanding and use of the concept.

A Multi-School Validation of a Revised Scale for Assessing Cultural Competence in Pharmacy Students.

To revise the Self-Assessment of Perceived Level of Cultural Competence (SAPLCC) instrument and validate it within a national sample of pharmacy students. A cross-sectional study design using a convenience sample of pharmacy schools across the country was used for this study. The target population was Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students enrolled in the participating pharmacy programs.

Midazolam Limited Sampling Strategy With a Population Pharmacokinetic Approach to Simultaneously Estimate Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A Constitutive, Inhibition, and Induction/Activation Conditions in Healthy Adults.

We have previously described a midazolam limited sampling strategy employing a population pharmacokinetic (PK) approach to estimate constitutive cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A activity. This study evaluated expansion of this approach to estimate CYP3A constitutive, inhibitory, and induction activities. Midazolam concentrations (n = 4441) from adults (n = 152) were obtained from previous studies after single, oral, or intravenous administration with intensive sample collection.

Nondihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Proteinuria: A Review of the Literature.

To review the use of nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (non-DHP CCBs) for the treatment of proteinuria in diabetic and nondiabetic kidney disease. A search using PubMed and MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed from 1964 through February 2019 using the following search terms alone or in combination: . All prospective English-language trials examining one or more non-DHP CCB for the treatment of proteinuria were evaluated.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Chronic Liver Disease.

To review the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). A MEDLINE literature search was performed from 1964 through February 2019 using the following search terms: , and the individual DOACs. All English-language human trials and reports that examined DOACs for treatment or prevention of venous thromboembolic (VTE) events in patients with CLD were included.

Integrase Inhibitors: After 10 Years of Experience, Is the Best Yet to Come?

The era of the integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection began with raltegravir in 2007. Since that time, several other INSTIs have been introduced including elvitegravir, dolutegravir, and, most recently, bictegravir, that have shown great utility as part of antiretroviral regimens in both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients. At present, antiretroviral guidelines fully endorse the INSTI class as part of all first-line treatment regimens.

Impact of a multi-component immunization intervention on pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccinations: A randomized controlled trial of community pharmacies in 2 states.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the We Immunize Program on structures, processes, and outcomes of pneumococcal and herpes zoster pharmacy-based immunization services.

Methods: Pharmacy-technician pairs from 62 Alabama and California community pharmacies participated in a 6-month randomized controlled trial (intervention = 30/control = 32). All received immunization update training; intervention participants also received practical strategies training and monthly telephonic expert feedback.

Dolutegravir-Rilpivirine, Dual Antiretroviral Therapy for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection.

To review the efficacy and safety of dolutegravir (DTG) with rilpivirine (RPV) as a dual therapy regimen in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. A literature search was performed using PubMed (1966 to January 2019) and Google Scholar (2014 to January 2019) with the search terms , and . Other resources included review articles and the manufacturer product label.

4β-Hydroxycholesterol as an Endogenous Biomarker for CYP3A Activity: Literature Review and Critical Evaluation.

A number of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A phenotyping probes have been used to characterize the drug interaction potential of new molecular entities; of these, midazolam has emerged as the gold standard. Recently, plasma 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC), the metabolite of CYP3A-mediated cholesterol metabolism, has been championed as an endogenous biomarker for CYP3A, particularly during chronic conditions where CYP3A activity is altered by disease and in long-term treatment studies where midazolam administration is not optimal. Multiple studies in humans have shown that 4β-OHC can qualitatively differentiate among weak, moderate, and potent CYP3A induction when an inducer, typically rifampin, is administered for up to 2 weeks.

Communicating benefits and risks of generic drugs to consumers: Patient and caregiver opinions of two FDA-developed educational materials.

Background: Increasing prescribing and dispensing of generic drugs, compared to brand drugs, may increase patient access to affordable medications. However, little is known about patients' and caregivers' needs and receptiveness regarding the design of educational materials about generic drugs.

Methods: The research used focus groups of patients and caregivers who were students or employees of one university in the Southeastern U.

Adverse event reporting patterns of concomitant botanical dietary supplements with CYP3A4 interactive & CYP3A4 non-interactive anticancer drugs in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Background: To examine the adverse event (AE) reporting patterns for concomitant Botanical Dietary Supplements (BDS) and anticancer drugs.

Research Design And Methods: Using the 2004-2015 U.S.

Common Bacterial and Viral Infections: Review of Management in the Pregnant Patient.

Objective: To review the treatment of common bacterial and viral infections occurring in the pregnant patient.

Data Sources: A literature search of MEDLINE was performed (inception to October 2018). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website was utilized for additional information.

Ambulatory care preceptors' perceptions on SOAP note writing in advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs).

Introduction: Descriptions of SOAP note requirements and assessment methods used during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) are limited in the literature. This study aimed to gather information from preceptors regarding SOAP note writing and assessment methods utilized during ambulatory care APPEs.

Methods: A survey was developed and distributed to ambulatory care preceptors with data collected via Qualtrics and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test to assess the significance for associations between dependent and independent variables, and the Gamma test to assess dependent variables in grading habits and feedback types.

Innovative utilization of pharmacist-led board review in a family medicine residency curriculum.

Background And Purpose: The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine Group on Pharmacotherapy recommends a formal curriculum during family medicine residency training and describes benefits of utilizing pharmacists. Limited literature exists on how programs have incorporated questions from family medicine board preparation sources into pharmacotherapy academic education. The primary objective was to assess the impact on family medicine residents' perceived knowledge after incorporation of board review items into pharmacotherapy sessions.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine pharmacy students' intention to participate in hormonal contraception counseling services.

Introduction: Recent policies allow some pharmacists to prescribe hormonal birth control, which may improve access to hormonal contraceptives. This study explored associations between student pharmacists' hormonal contraception knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control to counseling intentions, and preferred learning methods.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was developed to assess student pharmacists' hormonal contraception knowledge, perceptions, and counseling intentions.

Up for Debate: Re-Envisioning the Journal Club with an Article-Centric Student Debate.

Unlabelled: Effective utilization of evidence-based medicine requires skillful development of a critical literature evaluation process. Although traditional journal club activities are a common modality to teach and refine these skills, they may limit a learner's motivation to perform a well-rounded critique of primary literature.

Innovation: In response to the challenges with these traditional formats, we describe a novel approach to refining critical literature evaluation skills in an Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) setting utilizing a focused, article-centric journal club debate.

Delay discounting and its association with food purchasing considerations and food availability in the home in south-east Alabama, USA.

Objective: Certain factors, such as food quality, label content and grocery characteristics, may be considered when purchasing foods. Food availability in the home has been shown to influence dietary behaviours, also associated with delay discounting (DD). The present study sought to characterize the relationships between DD, food purchasing considerations and healthfulness of foods in the home.