Acute and chronic gene expression activation following medial forebrain bundle DBS and selective dopamine pathway stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the medial forebrain bundle (mfb) demonstrated anti-depressant effects both clinically and experimentally. Modulation of mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic (DA) activity could contribute-in part-to the therapeutic effects. By comparing selective and pathway specific midbrain DA optogenetic stimulation with the global, non-pathway specific mfb-DBS, the study explored changes in gene-expression of key biomarkers associated with neurocircuitry of depression.

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in SARS-CoV-2 positive kidney transplant recipients - a case series with four patients.

Background: Despite vaccination coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mortality caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains high in kidney transplant recipients. Nirmatrelvir is a protease inhibitor with activity against SARS-CoV-2. Nirmatrelvir reduces the risk for mortality and hospitalization, which is approved for treating adults at risk for severe disease.

In vitro growth inhibitory activity of Medicines for Malaria Venture pathogen box compounds against Leishmania aethiopica.

Introduction: Leishmania aethiopica (L. aethiopica) is responsible for different forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Ethiopia. Treatment heavily depends on limited drugs, together with drawbacks like toxicity and microbial resistance.

Rehabilitation training in neural restitution.

Over the last decade, neural transplantation has emerged as one of the more promising, albeit highly experimental, potential therapeutics in neurodegenerative disease. Preclinical studies in rat lesion models of Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown that transplanted precursor neuronal tissue from a fetus into the lesioned striatum can survive, integrate, and reconnect circuitry. Importantly, specific training on behavioral tasks that target striatal function is required to encourage functional integration of the graft to the host tissue.

Predictors of health-related quality of life in children with chronic heart disease.

Objective: Chronic paediatric heart disease is often associated with residual symptoms, persisting functional restrictions, and late sequelae for psychosocial development. It is, therefore, increasingly important to evaluate the health-related quality of life of children and adolescents with chronic heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine medical and socio-demographic variables affecting health-related quality of life in school-aged children and adolescents with chronic heart disease.

[Comment on the TIDier Checklist].

This comment focuses on the need for and possible impact of the TIDieR reporting guideline.

Instrument for scoring clinical outcome of research for epidermolysis bullosa: a consensus-generated clinical research tool.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetic condition characterized by skin fragility and blistering. There is no instrument available for clinical outcome research measurements. Our aim was to develop a comprehensive instrument that is easy to use in the context of interventional studies.

Donor age dependent graft development and recovery in a rat model of Huntington's disease: histological and behavioral analysis.

Neural cell replacement therapy using fetal striatal cells has provided evidence of disease modification in clinical trials in Huntington's disease (HD) patients, although the results have been inconsistent. One of the contributing factors to the variable outcome could be the different capacity of transplanted cells derived from the primordial striatum to proliferate and maturate into striatal projection neurons. Based on the rodent lesion model of HD, the current study investigated how intrastriatal-striatal grafts from variable aged donors develop in vivo and how they influence functional recovery.

Crosstalk on cell behavior in interactive cocultures of hMSCs with various oral cell types.

When prospectively applied for regenerative therapies, human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) interact with the locally residing host cells. With respect to the developmentally particular origin of oral cells, little is known about the putatively discriminative behavioral responses of hMSCs in interaction with various oral cell types, including human alveolar bone osteoblasts (hOAs), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLs), and gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). To assess the crosstalk between hMSCs and oral cells, interactive cocultures were established by combining well-characterized hMSCs with hOAs, hPDLs, or hGFs, and the behavioral hMSC aspects, that is, proliferation and gene expression, were measured by employing a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, while apoptosis was quantified by in situ cell death detection kit.

Benign fibrous histocytoma of the distal radius: a report of a case and a review of the literature.

Benign fibrous histocytoma of bones is a very rare tumour and only a few cases have been reported. We report a case of 40-year-old patient with no significant previous medical history who presented with a painful lesion in his right wrist joint. Incision biopsy was done and there was a histological picture similar to a metaphyseal fibrous defect (non-ossifying fibroma).

Mobilization and transplantation of Philadelphia chromosome-negative peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with CML.

Mobilization and transplantation of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) was investigated in patients with stage IA or stage IIA chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) using combination chemotherapy with idarubicin, cytosine arabinoside and etoposide (ICE) followed by simultaneous administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-2 or rhG-CSF alone. 17 patients (stage IA: 12; stage IIA: five) were mobilized. Chemotherapy, cytokine priming and collection of PBPCs were well tolerated.