Dentin bond optimization using the dimethyl sulfoxide-wet bonding strategy: A 2-year in vitro study.

Objective: This study evaluated a new approach, named dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-wet bonding, to produce more desirable long-term prospects for the ultrafine interactions between synthetic polymeric biomaterials and the inherently hydrated dentin substrate.

Methods: Sound third molars were randomly restored with/without DMSO pretreatment using a total-etch (Scocthbond Multipurpose: SBMP) and a self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond: CF) adhesive systems. Restored teeth (n=10)/group were sectioned into sticks and submitted to different analyses: micro-Raman determined the degree of conversion inside the hybrid layer (DC); resin-dentin microtensile bond strength and fracture pattern analysis at 24h, 1year and 2 years of aging; and nanoleakage evaluation at 24h and 2 years.

Tooth sensitivity and bleaching effectiveness associated with use of a calcium-containing in-office bleaching gel.

Background: The authors conducted a study to evaluate tooth sensitivity (TS) and the bleaching effectiveness associated with use of a calcium-containing (CC) in-office bleaching gel.

Methods: The authors used a 35 percent calcium-free (CF) hydrogen peroxide gel and a 35 percent CC hydrogen peroxide gel according to the manufacturer's instructions in 40 caries-free participants 18 years or older. They performed two bleaching sessions with a one-week interval between sessions.

Degradation of the resin-dentin bonds after simulated and inhibited cariogenic challenge in an in situ model.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the resin-dentin bonds of two simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive after simulated cariogenic and inhibited cariogenic challenge in situ. Dental cavities (4 mm wide, 4 mm long, and 1.5 mm deep) were prepared in 60 bovine teeth with enamel margins.

Clinical versus laboratory adhesive performance to wet and dry demineralized primary dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of dentin moisture on bond strengths of an etch-and-rinse bonding agent to primary dentin clinically and in the laboratory.

Methods: The sample consisted of two groups of 20 caries-free primary second molars: molars in exfoliation period (clinical group) and extracted molars (laboratory group). Class I cavities were prepared in all specimens leaving a flat dentin surface on the pulpal floor.

Adhesive temperature: effects on adhesive properties and resin-dentin bond strength.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of adhesive temperature on the resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL), adhesive layer thickness (AL), and degree of conversion (DC) of ethanol/water- (SB) and acetone-based (PB) etch-and-rinse adhesive systems.

Methods: The bottles of the two adhesives were kept at each temperature (5°C, 20°C, 37°C, and 50°C) for 2 hours before application to demineralized dentin surfaces of 40 molars. Specimens were prepared for μTBS testing.

Effect of light activation on tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching.

This clinical study evaluated the effects of light-emitting diode (LED)/laser activation on bleaching effectiveness (BE) and tooth sensitivity (TS) during in-office bleaching. Thirty caries-free patients were divided into two groups: light-activated (LA) and non-activated (NA) groups. A 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (Whiteness HP Maxx, FGM Dental Products, Joinville SC, Brazil) was used in three 15-minute applications for both groups.

Improvement of exposure times: effects on adhesive properties and resin-dentin bond strengths of etch-and-rinse adhesives.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of prolonged polymerization times on the microtensile resin-dentin bond strength (μTBS), degree of conversion of adhesive films (DC) and silver nitrate uptake (SNU) for an ethanol/water- (Adper Single Bond 2, [SB]) and an acetone-based (One Step Plus, [OS]) etch-and-rinse adhesive.

Materials And Methods: Thirty caries-free extracted molars were included in this study. The occlusal enamel of all teeth was removed by wet grinding the occlusal enamel on 180-grit SiC paper.

Assessment of tooth sensitivity using a desensitizer before light-activated bleaching.

Unlabelled: CLINICAL OBJECTIVE: This clinical study evaluated whether the use of a desensitizing agent (5% potassium nitrate/2% sodium fluoride) before in-office light-activated bleaching decreased this sensitivity.

Methods: Before in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (three applications, 15 minutes each) associated with an LED/laser unit, clinicians applied a placebo gel or the desensitizing agent on the buccal surfaces of all participants. They repeated this protocol one week later.

A 24-month randomized clinical trial of a two- and three-step etch-and-rinse technique.

Purpose: This 24-month randomized paired tooth clinical study evaluated the performance of All Bond 3 used in the simplified (2-step) and full (3-step) versions.

Methods: 33 patients, with at least two similar sized non-carious cervical lesions participated in this study. A total of 66 restorations were placed, half using the 2-step All Bond 3 (AB3-2) and the other half using 3-step All Bond 3 (AB3-3).

Effects of increased exposure times of simplified etch-and-rinse adhesives on the degradation of resin-dentin bonds and quality of the polymer network.

One of the reasons for resin-dentin degradation is poor polymerization of the adhesive layer. This study evaluated the effect of prolonged polymerization times on the immediate and 6-month resin-dentin bond strengths, silver nitrate uptake, and polymer quality of etch-and-rinse adhesives. Thirty extracted teeth were obtained, and a flat dentin surface was exposed on each tooth.

Effect of mode of application on the microtensile bond strength of a self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive system.

Unlabelled: This study examined the 24-hour microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of a three-step etch-and-rinse (All Bond 3 [AB3]) and a two-step self-etch system (All Bond Self-Etch [ABSE]) to dentin and ground enamel, varying the application mode.

Methods: AB3 was applied according to the following procedures: A-phosphoric acid + adhesive application. The adhesive was then light-cured before resin buildup.

A randomized clinical evaluation of a one- and two-step self-etch adhesive over 24 months.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of All Bond SE used in a one- or two-step protocol in a 24-month randomized clinical study.

Methods: Thirty-three patients with two similarly sized non-carious cervical lesions participated in this study. A total of 66 restorations were placed, half using the one-step All Bond SE protocol (SE-1) and the other half using the two-step All Bond SE protocol (SE-2).

Durability of surface treatments and intermediate agents used for repair of a polished composite.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of surface treatment and intermediate agent hydrophilicity on durability of the composite repair by means of the microtensile bond strength test (microTBS) and silver nitrate uptake (SNU) and the effects of surface treatment on composite roughness (Ra) and micromorphological features (SEM).

Methods: Thirty resin composite blocks (4x6x6 mm) (Opallis, FGM) were polished after seven days and divided into three groups: no treatment (NT); roughening with a fine-grit diamond bur (DB); 50 microm aluminum oxide sandblasting (AO). A hydrophobic (Adhesive bottle, Scotchbond MultiPurpose [SBMP]) or hydrophilic adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2 [SB]) was then applied.

Reducing the incompatibility between two-step adhesives and resin composite luting cements.

Purpose: To determine whether the adverse interaction between a two-step/acidic etch-and-rinse adhesive (One-Step Plus [OS], Bisco) and chemically cured resin luting cement [Variolink II, Ivoclar Vivadent] can improve adhesive coupling by reducing the dentin permeability with an oxalate desensitizer (BisBlock, Bisco).

Materials And Methods: After exposing dentin on the occlusal surfaces of human third molars, bonding was performed on either oxalate treated (BB) or nontreated (NB) demineralized dentin. A resin luting cement was placed in the format of a crown following the light-curing mode (only with the base syringe [LC]) or the chemically curing mode (mixture of base and catalyst syringes [CC]).

Assessing the effect of a desensitizing agent used before in-office tooth bleaching.

Background: Tooth sensitivity has been reported with in-office tooth bleaching. The authors conducted a study to evaluate whether the use of a desensitizing agent before in-office bleaching decreased this sensitivity.

Methods: Before in-office bleaching with a 35 percent hydrogen peroxide gel (three applications of 15 minutes each), clinicians applied a placebo gel on the buccal surfaces of all teeth in 15 participants in the control group, which was left undisturbed for 10 minutes.

Re-anatomization of anterior eroded teeth by stratification with direct composite resin.

Unlabelled: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acids are chronically regurgitated into the esophagus and oral cavity, resulting in the irreversible erosion of tooth structure. The dentist often is the first health care professional to identify the affected dentition. Restorative treatment should be accomplished after management of the systemic condition.

A 36-month clinical evaluation of ethanol/water and acetone-based etch-and-rinse adhesives in non-carious cervical lesions.

Unlabelled: This double-blind randomized clinical trial compared different ethanol/water and acetone-based systems in non-carious cervical lesions over 36 months.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four patients having at least one non-carious cervical lesion [NCCL] under occlusion were enrolled in this study. A total of 84 restorations were placed, half for each group (Adper Single Bond [SB] + FiltekA110 or One Step [OS] + MicroNew).

Effects of adhesive temperature on the early and 6-month dentin bonding.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the effect of adhesive temperature on the bond strength to dentin (muTBS) and silver nitrate uptake (SNU) of an ethanol/water (Adper Single Bond 2 [SB]) and an acetone-based (Prime&Bond 2.1 [PB]) etch-and-rinse adhesive system.

Methods: The bottles of each adhesive were kept in various temperatures (5 degrees C, 20 degrees C, 37 degrees C and 50 degrees C) for 1h previously to its application in the occlusal demineralized dentin of 40 molars.

Effect of solvent removal on adhesive properties of simplified etch-and-rinse systems and on bond strengths to dry and wet dentin.

Purpose: This study evaluated the resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of ethanol/water- (Single Bond, [SB] 3M ESPE), ethanol- (Optibond Solo Plus, [OP] Kerr) and acetone-based (One-Step, [OS] Bisco) two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives in the presence or absence of their respective solvents to dry and wet dentin. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the degree of conversion (DC) of the materials were also evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Solvent-based and solvent-free adhesives were vigorously applied to occlusal dentin surfaces after phosphoric acid etching.

In vitro analysis of bond strength of self-etching adhesives applied on superficial and deep dentin.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of three adhesive systems to superficial and deep dentine using the microtensile bond strength test (microTBS). The occlusal enamel of thirty human third molars was removed to expose a flat surface of superficial or deep dentin. For each type of surface, the test specimens were randomly divided into three groups which underwent the application of a conventional two-step adhesive system [Single Bond (SB)] as the control group (n=10), a two-bottle self-etching system [One Coat SE Bond (OCSE)] (n=10) and a one bottle one-step system [Clearfil S3 Bond (CFS3)] (n=10).

Durability of enamel bonding using one-step self-etch systems on ground and unground enamel.

Objective: To examine the morphological, early and long-term microtensile bond strengths (microTBS) of one-step self-etch systems to unground and ground enamel.

Materials And Methods: Resin composite (Filtek Z250) buildups were bonded to the buccal and lingual enamel surfaces (unground, bur-cut or SiC-roughened enamel) of third molars after adhesive application using the following adhesives: Clearfil S3 Bond (CS3); Adper Prompt L-Pop (ADP); iBond (iB) and, as the control, Clearfil SE Bond (CSE). Six tooth halves were assigned for each condition.

Association of enamel microabrasion and bleaching: a case report.

Enamel microabrasion may be indicated for certain clinical situations, since it is a proven method for removing superficial intrinsic enamel discoloration defects such as fluorosis-like stains; in addition, it is safe, conservative, and easy to perform. However, this method removes enamel structure, causing teeth to become yellowish. This yellowing can be treated with enamel microabrasion and bleaching.

Impact of adhesive application and moisture on the mechanical properties of the adhesive interface determined by the nano-indentation technique.

Objectives: This study assessed the nanohardness (NH) and Young's modulus (YM) of resin-dentin bonding components formed by an ethanol/water-based (Adper Single Bond Plus [SBP]) and an acetone-based system (One Step Plus [OSP]) under different moisture conditions and application methods.

Material And Methods: On 24 human molars, a flat, superficial dentin surface was exposed by wet abrasion. After acid-etching, two coats of SBP or OSP adhesive were applied on either a dry or rewetted dentin surface under vigorous rubbing action or inactive application.

One-year follow-up of non-vital discolored teeth after bleaching with an association of techniques: a case report.

Patient demand for esthetic procedures and the trend for non-invasive dental treatment have led to the development of different materials and whitening techniques that are capable of re-establishing a patient's smile without affecting dental structure. Numerous potential factors may cause the discoloration of pulpless teeth. A simple and time-saving method for bleaching discolored root-filled teeth combines intracoronal and extracoronal bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide and a procedure known as the walking bleach technique, a conservative treatment that restores esthetics to darkened and stained non-vital teeth.