Construction, molecular characterization, and safety assessment of mutant of Gallinarum.

This study involves the development and molecular characterization of the isogenic markerless knockout mutant SG Δ, a genetically engineered live attenuated strain aimed at controlling Gallinarum (SG) infection in poultry. The mutant was generated by deleting the gene using -Red recombination technology, impairing adenylosuccinate lyase, necessary for purine biosynthesis. An 1,180 bp deletion was engineered within the gene, leaving a residual 298 bp genomic scar resulting in a purine auxotrophic mutant.

Ameliorated Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Metalloproteinase Enzymes in a Rat Model.

: This study was planned to investigate the anti-arthritic property of flowers of in a Sprague-Dawley rat model by administering Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA). : Arthritis was induced at day 0 in all rats except negative controls, while arthritic progress and paw edema were analyzed on specific days (8th, 13th, 18th, and 23rd) via the macroscopic arthritic scale and a digital Vernier caliper, respectively. Histopathological parameters were examined using a Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining method.

Immuno-bioinformatic approach for designing of multi-epitope merozoite surface antigen of Babesia bigemina and evaluation of its immunogenicity in inoculated calves.

Babesiosis is a parasitic disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia, which infect both wild and domestic animals. Merozoite surface antigens (MSAs) have been identified as efficient immunogens in Babesia-infected animals. MSAs play a key role in the invasion process and have been proposed as potential targets for vaccine development.

Tonsil biopsy to detect chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) by immunohistochemistry.

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) continues to spread in wild and farmed cervid populations. Early antemortem CWD testing of farmed cervids is of considerable interest to producers and regulatory agencies as a tool to combat this spread. The tissues accessible for antemortem sampling are limited and include biopsy of the tonsil and recto-anal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT).

Mediastinal Serous Cavity Mesothelioma in Two Dogs.

The mediastinal serous cavity (MSC)-well documented but seldom recognized in the caudal mediastinum-is embryologically derived from the omental bursa. Mesothelioma arising from the MSC in two dogs is described. Both dogs presented with acute life-threatening hemorrhagic pleural effusion.

Atypical chorioretinal lesions in Siberian Husky dogs with primary angle-closure glaucoma: a case series.

Background: A number of etiologies for different canine chorioretinal lesions have been proved or suggested but some fundic lesions remain unclear in terms of an etiologic diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis. The purpose of this case series is to describe atypical chorioretinal lesions observed in dogs with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Case Presentation: Two spayed-female Siberian Huskies (3- and 4-year-old) and one Siberian Husky/Australian Shepherd mixed breed dog (11-month-old) that had multifocal depigmented retinal lesions and PACG were included.

Transcriptional Activity of Some Genes Involved in Apoptosis in Patients with Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.

Lichen sclerosus of the vulva is a common, but poorly studied disease. We assessed the level of transcriptional activity of APAF1, BAX, BCL2, BIRC5, CCND1, DAPK1, MCL1, and MYC genes encoding products that control apoptosis in the samples of tissues affected by vulvar lichen sclerosus and adjacent control tissues (n=24). Analysis of transcriptional activity was performed by real-time PCR using specific primers and SYBR Green intercalating dye.

A Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Biorisk Management System in Research and Diagnostic Laboratories in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Financial, cultural, and managerial hurdles have made biosafety and biosecurity measures difficult in resource-constrained countries like Pakistan. Because of increasing awareness of biorisk management, diagnostic and research laboratories have made major advances in biosafety and biosecurity in the recent decade. As a result, identifying and addressing gaps in biorisk management has never been more critical.

Effect of methanolic extract of Citrus limetta peel on cellular and humoral immune response in mice.

Citrus limetta is well known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Methanolic extract of Citrus limetta (MECL) was used to assess cellular and humoral immune responses in mice by carrying out cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), carbon clearance assay, haemagglutination assay (HA) and mice lethality assay. Methanolic extract of Citrus limetta peel was administered orally to mice in two doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg.

Effect of Carcass Electrical Stimulation and Suspension Methods on Meat Quality Characteristics of of Young Buffalo () Bulls.

Buffalo animals are slaughtered at their early age and carcasses are chilled rapidly which deteriorates its meat quality and decreases the consumer likeliness of buffalo meat. This study investigated the appropriate methods to prevent the quality deterioration of buffalo meat during chilling. Twenty four 18-mon-old buffalo bulls were slaughtered, electrically stimulated and suspended either by hip or achilles tendon.

Emergence of plasmid-mediated mcr genes from Gram-negative bacteria at the human-animal interface.

Background: The global emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (Col-R) conferred by mcr genes in gram-negative rods (GNRs) has jeopardized the last treatment option for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in humans. This study aimed to assess the emergence of mcr gene-mediated Col-R in GNRs isolated from humans and animals in Pakistan.

Methods: Animal and clinical specimens collected from various sources were prospectively analysed using standard microbiological procedures.

Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Response Validation in Calves after a Live Attenuated Vaccine of .

The current vaccines to control bovine () infection are not fully protective and vaccination failures incur heavy losses to the cattle industry around the world. Using modified micro-aerophilous stationary phase, we developed a culture-derived attenuated live vaccine against and tested a single subcutaneous inoculation of 2 × 10 infected erythrocytes in calves. The protection was measured after a lethal intravenous challenge with 5 × 10 virulent calf-derived .

Exploring the prevalence and diversity of bovine ticks in five agro-ecological zones of Pakistan using phenetic and genetic tools.

Tick infestation is a leading cause of tick-worry and tick-borne diseases in livestock and associated economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The cattle and buffalo populations in Pakistan are exposed to tick infestation throughout the year, but very little is known about the biology, diversity and distribution of tick species across different agro-ecological zones (AEZ) of the country. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence (number of bovines infested with ticks out of the investigated population) and diversity of hard ticks infesting bovines in 30 villages located in five distinct AEZs (i.

Effect of carboxylated poly l-Lysine as a cryoprotectant on post-thaw quality and in vivo fertility of Nili Ravi buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull semen.

Buffalo bull sperm are more prone to cryo-injuries. Glycerol being the most common permeable cryoprotectant exerts cytotoxic effects on sperm which cause a reduction in fertility. Thus, the exploration of new cryoprotectant is needed.

gene polymorphism in Russian patients with panic disorder.

Background: Panic disorder is a complex disease of unclear etiology but with an apparent genetic component. gene product is involved in many cell processes owing to its function-regulation of the level of a second messenger cAMP. gene polymorphism has been shown to be associated with some mental disorders including panic disorder.

Prevalence and Phylogenetics of H9n2 in Backyard and Commercial Poultry in Pakistan.

Surveillance of H9N2 is currently focused on areas central to the commercial poultry industry. This study determined the prevalence of H9N2 virus in commercial and backyard poultry flocks in Punjab Province, Pakistan. Oral and tracheal swabs were collected from commercial and backyard poultry from January 2015 through June 2016.

Association of GA genotype of SNP rs4680 in COMT gene with psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a multigene and multifactorial skin disease with heterogeneous genetic inheritance. Mental disorders participate in the development of psoriasis as predisposing factors; a correlation of dermatological diseases with pathological anxiety and stress was shown. Meanwhile, there are no studies describing molecular mechanisms of the linkages between psycho-emotional disorders and skin diseases.

Psychodermatology: a molecular link between psoriasis and anxiety disorder.

This article describes premises for the development of psychodermatology. An analysis of research literature and data is presented based on the example of psoriasis and anxiety disorder. Protein molecules with altered concentrations in patients with psoriasis and anxiety disorder compared to controls are identified (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2, corticotropin-release hormone, growth hormone 1, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor with increased concentration and brain-derived neurotrophic factor with decreased concentration).

[A clinical and genetic study of impulsive-compulsive disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease].

Aim: To evaluate the frequency and spectrum of impulsive-compulsive disorders (ICDs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) without dopaminergic medication and among patients receiving dopaminergic replacement therapy, depending on personality type, genetic factors, and to determine the influence of ICDs on the development of other non-motor manifestations of the disease.

Material And Methods: Three hundred and eighty-six consecutive patients with idiopathic PD, including untreated patients with PD (de novo) and patients receiving dopaminergic replacement therapy during one year, were examined. ICDs were evaluated with QUIP and diagnostic criteria.

EVIDENCE OF TWO COCIRCULATING CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS STRAINS IN MESOCARNIVORES FROM NORTHERN COLORADO, USA.

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that principally infects wildlife and domestic carnivores. Peridomestic species such as raccoons ( Procyon lotor) experience outbreaks with high mortality. Clinical signs of infection include anorexia, fever, respiratory infection, and neurologic complications.

Role of water chemistry and stabilizers on the Vero-cells-based infectivity of Newcastle disease virus live vaccine.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) live vaccines are supplied in lyophilized form and usually administered through conventional routes (drinking water, spray, or eye drop) following reconstitution in a diluent. Virus inactivation due to physico-chemical properties of the diluent at the time of administration may lead to vaccine failure. The present study aimed to evaluate the survival of NDV live vaccine strain immersed in 5 pH-amended water samples (pH 5.

Short Communication - Study on quality and efficacy of commercial tylosin and doxycycline products against local isolates of mycoplasma in broilers.

The present study was conducted to investigate the quality and efficacy of commercially available preparations of tylosin and doxycycline available in the local market at Peshawar for poultry. In vitro and in vivo, tests were conducted to check the quality of these antimicrobial drugs. In vitro quality control test was performed by High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and micro dilution method.

A Mortality Event in Elk ( Cervus elaphus nelsoni) Calves Associated with Malnutrition, Pasteurellosis, and Deer Adenovirus in Colorado, USA.

This report describes clinical, necropsy, and ancillary diagnostic findings for a mortality event in Rocky Mountain elk ( Cervus elaphus nelsoni) calves attributed to malnutrition, pasteurellosis, and an alimentary presentation of adenovirus hemorrhagic disease.

Biomarkers of migraine: Part 1 - Genetic markers.

Background: Migraine is a multifactorial socially significant disease affecting the peripheral and central nervous system. The diagnosis of "migraine" is still the only clinical, and additional methods of inspection are only required to avoid secondary headaches if certain "signs of danger". Accordingly, the search for biomarkers of migraine, confirming the diagnosis, rather than refuting others, is the leading vector in this scientific field.

Shaggy Lame Fox Syndrome in Pribilof Island Arctic Foxes ( Alopex lagopus pribilofensis), Alaska.

A previously unrecognized condition is described in wild free-ranging Pribilof arctic foxes ( Alopex lagopus pribilofensis) from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, USA. This condition is called shaggy lame fox syndrome (SLFS) denoting the primary clinical signs first observed. Criteria used to suspect SLFS on gross examination included emaciation, failure to shed winter pelage and moderate to severe polyarthritis.