Association of polygenic score and the involvement of cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways with lithium treatment response in patients with bipolar disorder.

Lithium is regarded as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), a severe and disabling mental health disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Nevertheless, lithium is not consistently effective, with only 30% of patients showing a favorable response to treatment. To provide personalized treatment options for bipolar patients, it is essential to identify prediction biomarkers such as polygenic scores.

Evaluation of C4 Gene Copy Number in Pediatric Acute Neuropsychiatric Syndrome.

Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is an abrupt-onset neuropsychiatric disorder. PANS patients have an increased prevalence of comorbid autoimmune illness, most commonly arthritis. In addition, an estimated one-third of PANS patients present with low serum C4 protein, suggesting decreased production or increased consumption of C4 protein.

Patient identity narratives through the cultural formulation interview in a New York City outpatient clinic.

Anthropologists have critiqued cultural competence programs in medical settings while introducing mental health clinicians to social theories on culture for practice. We explore how patients articulated narratives about themselves and how clinicians responded to such narratives through an intervention known as the Cultural Formulation Interview that anthropologists have helped develop. We conducted over 500 hours of fieldwork from 2014 to 2019 at an outpatient clinic in New York, analyzing multiple data (participant observation, medical records, patient-clinician sessions, and individual debriefing interviews) in a trial joining clinical and ethnographic methods.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, post-treatment sexual dysfunction and persistent genital arousal disorder: A systematic review.

Purpose: Adverse effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on sexual function have been an important area of research for many years. However, the duration of SSRI-associated sexual adverse effects, and their possible persistence after treatment discontinuation, is still uncertain. The aims of the current systematic review were first to identify existing evidence of sexual dysfunction following SSRI discontinuation, and to provide an account of reported symptoms and proposed treatment options; and second, to establish whether current literature allows accurate estimates of the prevalence of such sexual dysfunction.

Data envelopment analysis to evaluate the efficiency of tobacco treatment programs in the NCI Moonshot Cancer Center Cessation Initiative.

Background: The Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (C3I) is a National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Moonshot Program that supports NCI-designated cancer centers developing tobacco treatment programs for oncology patients who smoke. C3I-funded centers implement evidence-based programs that offer various smoking cessation treatment components (e.g.

A computational model for learning from repeated traumatic experiences under uncertainty.

Traumatic events can lead to lifelong, inflexible adaptations in threat perception and behavior, which characterize posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This process involves associations between sensory cues and internal states of threat and then generalization of the threat responses to previously neutral cues. However, most formulations neglect adaptations to threat that are not specific to those associations.

High school quality is associated with cognition 58 years later.

We leveraged a unique school-based longitudinal cohort-the Project Talent Aging Study-to examine whether attending higher quality schools is associated with cognitive performance among older adults in the United States (mean age = 74.8). Participants (n = 2,289) completed telephone neurocognitive testing.

Is Conception by Means In Vitro Fertilization Associated With Increased Risk of Antenatal Anxiety and Depression?

Objectives Mental health during pregnancy is a very important public health issue with negative effects on both maternal and child outcomes. The aim of our study is to examine the possible association between conception via in vitro fertilization (IVF) and anxiety or depression during the third pregnancy trimester in the Greek population during the years of financial crisis. Materials and Methods This single-center prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital during the period 2017-2018.

Pilot study of single-dose psilocybin for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant body dysmorphic disorder.

Objective: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an often-severe condition in which individuals are preoccupied by misperceptions of their appearance as defective or ugly. Only serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy have been demonstrated efficacious in randomized controlled trials. Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug with growing evidence for safety and efficacy in treatment of depression.

The future of child and adolescent clinical psychopharmacology: A systematic review of phase 2, 3, or 4 randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic agents without regulatory approval or for unapproved indications.

We aimed to identify promising novel medications for child and adolescent mental health problems. We systematically searched https://clinicaltrials.gov/ and https://www.

Intensive Neurofeedback Protocol: An Alpha Training to Improve Sleep Quality and Stress Modulation in Health Care Professionals During the Covid-19 Pandemic. A Pilot Study.

Objective: health care workers (HCWs) represent a vulnerable group in the COVID-19 pandemic, given the exposure to greater risk and higher levels of work-related stress. Neurofeedback (NF) has shown to be effective in the treatment of stress-related symptoms. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of an alpha-increase NF protocol for the treatment of acute stress symptoms in HCWs exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Driven by need, shaped by access: Heterogeneity in patient profiles and patterns of service utilization in patients with alcohol use disorders.

Background: Patients with alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) are highly heterogenous and account for an increasing proportion of general medical hospital visits. However, many patients with AUDs do not present with severe medical or psychiatric needs requiring immediate attention. There may be a mismatch between some patients' needs and the available services, potentially driving re-admissions and re-encounters.

Efficacy and auditory biomarker analysis of fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in targeting cognitive impairment associated with recent-onset schizophrenia: study protocol for a multicenter randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Background: In parallel to the traditional symptomatology, deficits in cognition (memory, attention, reasoning, social functioning) contribute significantly to disability and suffering in individuals with schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits have been closely linked to alterations in early auditory processes (EAP) that occur in auditory cortical areas. Preliminary evidence indicates that cognitive deficits in schizophrenia can be improved with a reliable and safe non-invasive brain stimulation technique called tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation).

Validity of root cause analysis in investigating adverse events in psychiatry.

Root cause analysis (RCA), imported from high-reliability industries into health two decades ago, is the mandated methodology to investigate adverse events in most health systems. In this analysis, we argue that the validity of RCA in health and in psychiatry must be established, given the impact of these investigations on mental health policy and practice.

Neuropsychological markers of antidepressant action: a secondary analysis of the ANTLER randomised controlled trial.

Background: Antidepressants have been proposed to act via their influence on emotional processing. We investigated the effect of discontinuing maintenance antidepressant treatment on positive and negative self-referential recall and the association between self-referential recall and risk of relapse.

Methods: The ANTLER trial was a large ( = 478) pragmatic double-blind trial investigating the clinical effectiveness of long-term antidepressant treatment for preventing relapse in primary care patients.

Identifying Splitting Through Sentiment Analysis.

In Kernerg's Object Relations Theory model of personality pathology, splitting, the mutual polarization of aspects of experience, is thought to result in a failure of identity integration. The authors sought to identify a clinician-independent, automated measure of splitting by examining 54 subjects' natural speech. Splitting in these individuals, recruited from the community, was investigated and evaluated with a shortened version of the Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO-R).

Feasibility, acceptability and practicality of transcranial stimulation in obsessive compulsive symptoms (FEATSOCS): A randomised controlled crossover trial.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive form of neurostimulation with potential for development as a self-administered intervention. It has shown promise as a safe and effective treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in a small number of studies. The two most favourable stimulation targets appear to be the left orbitofrontal cortex (L-OFC) and the supplementary motor area (SMA).

Real world transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: A multisite, naturalistic, retrospective study.

Background: In 2008, the U.S. FDA approved rTMS as a treatment against medication-resistant depression.

The attitude of healthcare providers towards medication self-management in hospitalized patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders.

Background: Medication self-management (MSM) is considered an important aspect of pharmacotherapy and plays an essential role in the treatment of various illnesses. To date, research into the willingness and attitude of psychiatric healthcare providers toward MSM in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders during hospitalization is lacking.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify healthcare providers' willingness to MSM and assess their attitude, conditions, benefits, and ability toward it during hospitalization.

Design and field procedures for the clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.3 in Qatar's national mental health study.

Background: The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) has been clinically reappraised in several studies conducted mainly in the US and Europe. This report describes the methodology used to conduct one of the Middle East's largest clinical reappraisal studies. The study was carried out in conjunction with the World Mental Health Qatar-the first national psychiatric epidemiological study of common mental disorders in the country.