The study compares computer-assisted surgery (CAS) with 3D navigation to conventional techniques for pedicle screw insertion in spine surgeries.
Significant differences were noted in accuracy, with CAS showing higher misplacement rates during percutaneous procedures but better accuracy in open surgeries.
While surgical times were longer for CAS compared to conventional methods, radiation exposure was lower for percutaneous surgeries but higher for open surgeries using 3D navigation.