The effect of mental health on sleep quality of front-line medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak in China: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the mental health and sleep quality of front-line medical staff (FMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of FMS during the COVID-19 outbreak in China and analyze the relationship between mental health and sleep quality of FMS.

Methods: From February 24, 2020 to March 22, 2020, a cross-sectional study was performed with 543 FMS from a medical center in Western China.

Refractory depression: mechanisms and evaluation of radically open dialectical behaviour therapy (RO-DBT) [REFRAMED]: protocol for randomised trial.

Introduction: Only 30-40% of depressed patients treated with medication achieve full remission. Studies that change medication or augment it by psychotherapy achieve only limited benefits, in part because current treatments are not designed for chronic and complex patients. Previous trials have excluded high-risk patients and those with comorbid personality disorder.

Depression in primary care patients with coronary heart disease: baseline findings from the UPBEAT UK study.

Background: An association between depression and coronary heart disease is now accepted but there has been little primary care research on this topic. The UPBEAT-UK studies are centred on a cohort of primary patients with coronary heart disease assessed every six months for up to four years. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and associations of depression in this cohort at baseline.

The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (version 4.0) factorial structure and its sensitivity in the treatment of outpatients with unipolar depression.

The 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS, version 4.0) enables the rater to measure psychopathology severity. Still, little is known about the BPRS's reliability and validity outside of the psychosis spectrum.

The introduction of an early warning signs journal in an adolescent inpatient unit.

Early warning signs are considered to be one of the many tools utilized by specialist early intervention practitioners and other mental health professionals to assist young people how to recognize a deterioration in their mental state or if a relapse is indicated. This article focuses on the role that early warning signs recognition has played in a Child and Adolescent inpatient setting in the form of a journal that is used to record a young person's personal journey by recording early warning signs to prevent a future relapse. Feedback on the use of the journal has been positive from the young people who have utilized the journal and it has also been viewed as a useful and practical framework to identify key symptoms that may potentiate a relapse into illness.

Validation of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) as an overall indicator of population mental health and well-being in the UK veterinary profession.

The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) was evaluated as an indicator of mental health and well-being within the veterinary profession in a cross-sectional study among a representative sample of 3200 veterinary surgeons practising in the UK. The WEMWBS mean score for the sample was 48.85 (95% confidence interval 48.

Social anxiety symptoms across diagnoses among outpatients attending a tertiary care mood and anxiety disorders service.

Background: Social phobia is a common, persistent and disabling anxiety disorder in which co-existing depressive symptoms are common. However the prevalence of social anxiety symptoms in patients with other mood and anxiety disorders is uncertain.

Method: In consecutive patients attending a tertiary referral mood and anxiety disorders service, depressive symptoms were assessed by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and social anxiety symptoms by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS).

Escitalopram therapy for major depression and anxiety disorders.

Background: Randomized controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that escitalopram is efficacious in a range of mood and anxiety disorders, but the individual trials are insufficiently large to allow a full exploration of its tolerability.

Objective: To assess the tolerability and safety of escitalopram through analysis of all randomized controlled clinical trials in major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.

Methods: Analyses of tolerability were based on data from all available randomized, double-blind, controlled studies completed by December 2006 in which escitalopram was compared with placebo or active compounds (citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine).

Escitalopram in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram is the active enantiomer of citalopram and has proven efficacy in the treatment of major depression, panic disorder and social phobia. Accumulating data indicate that it is also efficacious in the treatment of patients with generalized anxiety disorder. This drug profile summarizes the current evidence-base for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, describes the findings of a series of randomized placebo-controlled and comparator-controlled trials of escitalopram, examines the strengths and weaknesses of current treatment approaches and considers potential new therapies for the treatment of this common, chronic and impairing anxiety disorder.

Sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant drugs.

The term 'sexual dysfunction' describes a disturbance in sexual desire and the psychophysiological changes that characterise the normal sexual response cycle, and cause marked personal distress and interpersonal difficulty. Epidemiological studies indicate that sexual dysfunction is common in the general population, but more common in depressed individuals in community settings and clinical samples. Most antidepressant drugs have adverse effects on sexual function, but accurate identification of the incidence of treatment-emergent dysfunction has proved troublesome.

Placebo-controlled studies in depression: necessary, ethical and feasible.

Placebo-controlled trials are used widely in the development of new pharmacological treatments. They have sometimes been challenged as being unethical, in clinical situations where patients can receive an existing effective and acceptable treatment. It has been argued that studies of potential antidepressants should employ only a comparator-controlled design, whereby new compounds have to be found at least as efficacious as existing treatments.

Escitalopram: efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of depression.

Escitalopram is a new antidepressant drug, available for clinical use in many countries. This review describes the properties of escitalopram, summarizes the results of randomized controlled trials, and suggests that escitalopram has advantages over citalopram in the treatment of depression.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have proven efficacy in the treatment of panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder. Accumulating data shows that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment can also be efficacious in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. This review summarizes the findings of randomized controlled trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, examines the strengths and weaknesses of other therapeutic approaches and considers potential new treatments for patients with this chronic and disabling anxiety disorder.

Institutional paranoia.

Taken separately, the concepts of institution and paranoia have no bearing on this work. They acquire their full new meaning as "institutional paranoia" only when they are taken together. Institutional paranoia is not a mental illness in the ordinary sense.