The roles of cognitive avoidance, rumination and negative affect in the association between abusive supervision in the workplace and non-clinical paranoia in a sample of workers working in France.

This study examined the relationship between abusive supervision and non-clinical paranoia and explored which cognitive mechanisms are mediating this association (i.e. rumination, cognitive avoidance and negative affect).

Using mimicry of body movements by a virtual agent to increase synchronization behavior and rapport in individuals with schizophrenia.

Synchronization of behavior such as gestures or postures is assumed to serve crucial functions in social interaction but has been poorly studied to date in schizophrenia. Using a virtual collaborative environment (VCS), we tested 1) whether synchronization of behavior, i.e.

Impact of a prenatal episode and diagnosis in women with serious mental illnesses on neonatal complications (prematurity, low birth weight, and hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units).

Pregnancy in women with mental disorders is increasingly common. The aim of this study was to determine, in women with severe mental illnesses, whether a prenatal episode was related to neonatal complications and if a specific disorder was associated with a higher risk. A population of infants and their mothers (n = 1439) jointly admitted to psychiatric Mother-Baby Units in France and Belgium (2001-2010) was assessed respectively for prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and maternal mental health during pregnancy.

Deciphering reward-based decision-making in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis and behavioral modeling of the Iowa Gambling Task.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia (SZP) have been reported to exhibit impairments in reward-based decision-making, but results are heterogeneous with multiple potential confounds such as age, intelligence level, clinical symptoms or medication, making it difficult to evaluate the robustness of these impairments.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing the performance of SZP and healthy controls (HC) in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) as well as comprehensive analyses based on subject-level data (n = 303 SZP, n = 188 HC) to investigate reward-based decision-making in SZP. To quantify differences in the influence of individual deck features (immediate gain, gain frequency, net loss) between SZP and HC, we additionally employed a least-squares model.

Improving decision-making and cognitive impulse control in bulimia nervosa by rTMS: An ancillary randomized controlled study.

Objective: Impaired decision-making and inhibitory control may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders like bulimia nervosa (BN). Their improvement after neuromodulation may underpin clinical improvement. We assessed the effects of rTMS on these cognitive functions in a sample of women with BN.

A multi-dimensional approach to the relationship between insight and aggressiveness in schizophrenia: Findings from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Aggressiveness is a stigma frequently associated with schizophrenia. The role of insight as a risk factor of aggressiveness remains contradictory; mainly because single measures of these states mask their complexity and heterogeneity.

Methods: This study was conducted on 666 patients aged 15 and above with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder, drawn from the French national network of schizophrenia expert center database.

Screening for cognitive deficits with the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia scale.

Objective:: This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia scale (ECPDS) to discriminate for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.

Design:: This multicentre cross-sectional study used a validation design with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Settings:: The study was undertaken in a French network of seven outward referral centres.

The cognitive, affective motivational and clinical longitudinal determinants of apathy in schizophrenia.

Apathy is a frequent and debilitating condition with few treatment options available in schizophrenia patients. Despite evidence of its multidimensional structure, most of past studies have explored apathy through a categorical approach. The main objective of this study was to identify the cognitive, emotional, motivational, and clinical factors at baseline that best predicted the three subtypes of apathy dimensions at follow-up.

Psychiatric disability as mediator of the neurocognition-functioning link in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: SEM analysis using the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia (ECPDS) scale.

The functional outcome in schizophrenia spectrum disorders is affected by multiple factors such as cognitive performance and clinical symptoms. Psychiatric disability may be another important determinant of functional outcome. The purpose of this study was to test whether schizophrenia symptoms and psychiatric disability mediated the association between cognition and functioning.

Latent toxoplasma infection in real-world schizophrenia: Results from the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Objective: Latent Toxoplasma infection has been associated with widespread brain immune activation, increased blood brain barrier permeability, neural disruption, increased dopamine release in dopaminergic neurons, with NMDA activation and with schizophrenia (SZ) onset risk. Toxoplasma has been suggested to be a source of chronic low-grade inflammation and this inflammation has been associated with cognitive impairment in SZ. The objective of the present study were (i) to determine if latent Toxoplasma infection was associated with specific clinical features in stabilized SZ subjects, with cognitive impairment and with increased low-grade peripheral inflammation and (ii) to determine if Treatments with Anti-Toxoplasmic Activity (TATA) were associated with improved outcomes in subjects with latent Toxoplasma infection.

Self-face advantage over familiar and unfamiliar faces: A three-level meta-analytic approach.

Despite the increasing number of researchers interested in self-face, so far, no study has summarized the behavioral findings that contribute to the debate on self-face advantage. Most studies have focused on neural correlates of the self, although functional uniqueness can also be considered an important criterion for determining whether a stimulus is unique. The present meta-analysis systematically compared reaction time (RT) responses for self-face with other face identities across 54 studies.

Women's mental health in the perinatal period according to migrant status: the French representative ELFE birth cohort.

Background: Mental health problems in the perinatal period are common. We examined associations between different categories of migrant status and region of origin in relation to mental health during pregnancy and at 2 months post-partum.

Methods: We analyzed data from the French nationally representative Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance birth cohort (n = 17 988).

Frequent attendance and the concordance between PHQ screening and GP assessment in the detection of common mental disorders.

Objective: Frequent Attenders (FAs) have high rates of both common mental disorders (CMD) and physical disorders, partly justifying this service use behaviour. This study examines both case and non-case concordance between CMDs as estimated by a self-report screening questionnaire and as rated by the general practitioner (GP), in FAs compared to Other Attenders (OAs).

Methods: 2275 patients of an overlapping sample of 55 GPs from 2 surveys performed 10 years apart, completed in the waiting room the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and Client Service Receipt Inventory on 6-month service use.

Pregnancy in women with psychotic disorders: risk factors associated with mother-baby separation.

Pregnancy in women suffering from psychotic disorders is becoming more common. However, this psychiatric disorder is linked to the highest risk of early mother and child separation. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with these separations.

Influence of facial feedback during a cooperative human-robot task in schizophrenia.

Rapid progress in the area of humanoid robots offers tremendous possibilities for investigating and improving social competences in people with social deficits, but remains yet unexplored in schizophrenia. In this study, we examined the influence of social feedbacks elicited by a humanoid robot on motor coordination during a human-robot interaction. Twenty-two schizophrenia patients and twenty-two matched healthy controls underwent a collaborative motor synchrony task with the iCub humanoid robot.

Destination memory in social interaction: better memory for older than for younger destinations in normal aging?

Destination memory, a memory component allowing the attribution of information to its appropriate receiver (e.g., to whom did I lend my pen?), is compromised in normal aging.

Apathy in schizophrenia: A review of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical studies.

Apathy is a multidimensional symptom composed of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional facets including impaired motivation and reduced goal-directed behavior. Apathy belongs to schizophrenia's negative symptomatology which has received increased attention over the last years including a growing interest in the assessment and the consequences of apathy. Nevertheless, the pathological mechanisms are still insufficiently explored as well as the multidimensional aspect of this symptom.

Timing and Chronicity of Maternal Depression Symptoms and Children's Verbal Abilities.

Objective: To test the associations between the timing and chronicity of maternal depression symptoms (MDS) and children's long-term verbal abilities.

Study Design: Participants were 1073 mother-child pairs from a population-based birth cohort in Canada. MDS were assessed at ages 5 months, 1.

Unravelling socio-motor biomarkers in schizophrenia.

We present novel, low-cost and non-invasive potential diagnostic biomarkers of schizophrenia. They are based on the 'mirror-game', a coordination task in which two partners are asked to mimic each other's hand movements. In particular, we use the patient's solo movement, recorded in the absence of a partner, and motion recorded during interaction with an artificial agent, a computer avatar or a humanoid robot.

Self- or familiar-face recognition advantage? New insight using ambient images.

Self-face recognition has been widely explored in the past few years. Nevertheless, the current literature relies on the use of standardized photographs which do not represent daily-life face recognition. Therefore, we aim for the first time to evaluate self-face processing in healthy individuals using natural/ambient images which contain variations in the environment and in the face itself.

Subjective Age and Dementia.

Objective: Existing evidence indicates that a younger subjective age is a marker of successful aging, including better health and cognition. Building upon this evidence, it is likely that individuals with dementia might feel older. However, subjective evaluation of age might not be affected by dementia because these individuals tend to be anosognosic and report positive health-related quality of life.

Is there a link between biological parents' insight into their offspring's schizophrenia and their cognitive functioning, expressed emotion and knowledge about disorder?

Background: Recent studies suggest that parents' awareness of their offspring's schizophrenia could influence their offspring's insight. Low patient insight is linked to impairment of specific cognitive abilities, and biological parents of schizophrenia patients have impaired capacities in these same domains. However, little is known about what specific socio-demographic, affective or cognitive factors may influence biological parents' awareness of their offspring's disease.

Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders According to Period of Prenatal Antidepressant Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Several studies have examined the links between prenatal exposure to antidepressants and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in children, with inconsistent results, especially regarding the impact of the trimester of exposure.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of published studies to assess the association between ASDs and fetal exposure to antidepressants during pregnancy for each trimester of pregnancy and preconception.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases up to May 2016 were searched in June 2016 for observational studies.

Mirror self-face perception in individuals with schizophrenia: Feelings of strangeness associated with one's own image.

Self-face recognition is crucial for sense of identity and for maintaining a coherent sense of self. Most of our daily life experiences with the image of our own face happen when we look at ourselves in the mirror. However, to date, mirror self-perception in schizophrenia has received little attention despite evidence that face recognition deficits and self abnormalities have been described in schizophrenia.