Bowel dysfunction after anastomotic leakage in laparoscopic sphincter-saving operative intervention for rectal cancer: A case-matched study in 46 patients using the Low Anterior Resection Score.

Background: After sphincter-saving operation for rectal cancer, the impact of anastomotic leakage on function has been well studied. The purpose of the present work was to assess the influence of symptomatic and asymptomatic anastomotic leakage on bowel function and health-related quality of life using the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome score and the disease-specific questionnaire European Organization for Research and Treatment of Quality of Life Questionnaire for Colorectal Cancer.

Methods: The study was a case-matched study with multiple controls per case in a variable ratio from a prospectively maintained database conducted at a tertiary, colorectal operation referral center.

Long-term visual and systemic prognoses of 83 cases of biopsy-proven sarcoid uveitis.

Aims: To determine the long-term visual and systemic outcomes of uveitis patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis.

Methods: A retrospective study of biopsy-proven sarcoid uveitis, with a 3-year minimum follow-up, seen at Lyon University Hospital, between April 2004 and January 2016.

Results: A total of 83 patients were included, with a median age at onset of 52 (37-62) years and an unbalanced gender ratio (women 77.

Oncological impact of anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic mesorectal excision.

Background: The effect of anastomotic leakage on oncological outcomes after total mesorectal excision (TME) is controversial. This study aimed to assess the influence of symptomatic and asymptomatic anastomotic leakage on oncological outcomes after laparoscopic TME.

Methods: All patients who underwent restorative laparoscopic TME for rectal adenocarcinoma with curative intent from 2005 to 2014 were identified from an institutional database.

Sarcoidosis-related mortality in France: a multiple-cause-of-death analysis.

We evaluated mortality rates and underlying causes of death among French decedents with sarcoidosis from 2002 to 2011.We used data from the French Epidemiological Centre for the Medical Causes of Death to 1) calculate sarcoidosis-related mortality rates, 2) examine differences by age and gender, 3) determine underlying and nonunderlying causes of death, 4) compare with the general population (observed/expected ratios), and 5) analyse regional differences.1662 death certificates mentioning sarcoidosis were recorded.

Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Mirtazapine.

Background And Objectives: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare, JC-virus-mediated, demyelinating disease with a high mortality rate. As no recommended treatment exists, mirtazapine, a potential blocker of virus entry into cells, has been empirically used.

Methods: We analysed existing data on mirtazapine's efficacy to treat PML by systematically reviewing the literature since 2005, when it was first used.

Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: is zero recurrence theoretically possible?

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence remains a key issue after liver transplantation. This study aimed to determine a subgroup of HCC patients within the Milan criteria who could achieve a theoretical goal of zero recurrence rates after liver transplantation.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2009, 179 patients who received liver transplantation for HCC within the Milan criteria were retrospectively included.

Thymoma associated with autoimmune diseases: 85 cases and literature review.

Objectives: To describe the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of autoimmune diseases (AD) in a cohort of patients with thymoma.

Design: Pathological records from three university hospitals, between 2005 and 2011, were reviewed to identify patients with thymoma. Patients with thymoma and AD were compared with patients with thymoma without AD.

Is there a limit to transanal endoscopic surgery? A comparative study between standard and technically challenging indications among 168 consecutive patients.

Aim: To assess the surgical outcome of transanal endoscopic surgery (TES) for rectal neoplasms in technically challenging indications.

Method: All patients who underwent TES for a rectal neoplasm from 2007 to 2014 were included. Technically challenging indications included a tumour with (i) diameter ≥ 5 cm, (ii) involving ≥ 50% of the rectal circumference and (iii) located ≥ 10 cm from the anal verge.

Is there a place for organ preservation in infiltrating rectal cancer?

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision is currently the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancers. However, this therapeutic approach does not take into account response to neoadjuvant treatment, which can go up to a pathologic complete response in 10-20% of the patients. Moreover, despite its efficacy in terms of local control and survival, radical surgery is associated with a significant risk of postoperative morbidity, anastomotic leakage, permanent stoma, impaired quality of life, bowel and genitourinary dysfunction.

Redo-surgery by transanal colonic pull-through for failed anastomosis associated with chronic pelvic sepsis or rectovaginal fistula.

Purpose: Redo-surgery with new colorectal (CRA) or coloanal (CAA) anastomosis for failed previous CRA or CAA is exposed to failure and recurrent leakage, especially in case of rectovaginal fistula (RVF) or chronic pelvic sepsis (CPS). In these two situations, transanal colonic pull-through and delayed coloanal anastomosis (DCAA) could be an alternative to avoid definitive stoma. This study aimed to assess results of such redo-surgery with DCAA for failed CRA or CAA with CPS and/or RVF.

Laparoscopy in Crohn's disease.

In Crohn's disease (CD) surgical management, laparoscopic approach offers several theoretical advantages over the open approach. However, the importance of inflammatory lesions associated with CD, and the frequent presence of adhesions from previous surgery have initially questioned its feasibility and safety. In the present review article we will discuss the role of laparoscopic approach for Crohn's disease surgical management, along with its potential benefits as compared to the open approach.

Does anastomotic leakage impair functional results and quality of life after laparoscopic sphincter-saving total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer? A case-matched study.

Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) after total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer is suspected to alter function. However, very few reports have been devoted to this problem. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of AL on function and quality of life (QoL) after laparoscopic TME for cancer.

Laparoscopic resection of retrorectal tumors: a feasibility study in 12 consecutive patients.

Background: Surgical approaches for retrorectal tumors (RRT) are either abdominal, dorsal trans-sacrococcygeal, or perineal. Very few cases have been reported so far concerning a laparoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to assess the results of laparoscopy for the treatment of RRT.

Impact of total pancreatectomy: short- and long-term assessment.

Background: The aim was to assess the outcome of a total pancreatectomy (TP).

Methods: From 1993 to 2010, 56 patients underwent an elective TP for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (n = 42), endocrine tumours (n = 6), adenocarcinoma (n = 5), metastases (n = 2) and chronic pancreatitis (n = 1). Morbidity and survival were analysed.

Surgical management of IBD--from an open to a laparoscopic approach.

Surgery is a key feature of IBD management. Up to 70% of patients with Crohn's disease and 35% of patients with ulcerative colitis will require surgery during the course of their disease. This Review provides an overview of IBD surgical management, focusing on the potential benefits and drawbacks of laparoscopy compared with open surgery.

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for T1 rectal cancer.

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) was introduced in 1983 as an alternative to radical proctectomy for the management of rectal adenomas unsuitable for endoscopic or standard transanal resection. Since, its indications have progressively broadened to early rectal cancer. This review article will assess the role of TEM for T1 rectal cancer management, along with its operative and long-term results.

Laparoscopic approach for inflammatory bowel disease surgical managment.

For IBD surgical management, laparoscopic approach offers several theoretical advantages over the open approach. However, the frequent presence of adhesions from previous surgery and the high rate of inflammatory lesions have initially questioned its feasibility and safety. In the present review article, we will discuss the role of laparoscopic approach for IBD surgical management, along with its potential benefits as compared to the open approach.

Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy: a prospective long-term evaluation of functional results and quality of life.

Background: Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy for rectal prolapse combines the advantages of a minimally invasive approach with the low recurrence rate observed after abdominal procedures. To date, only a few long-term functional studies and no quality of life assessment are available. The aim of this study was to assess long-term functional outcomes and quality of life after laparoscopic ventral rectopexy.

Prior abdominal open surgery does not impair outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a case-control study in 367 patients.

Aim: This prospective case-matched study was conducted to compare the outcome of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in patients with and without prior abdominal open surgery (PAOS).

Method: From June 1997 to December 2010, 167 patients with PAOS (including midline, Pfannenstiel, subcostal, right upper quadrant or transverse incision) were manually matched to all identical patients without PAOS from our prospective laparoscopic colorectal surgery database. Matching criteria included age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score, body mass index, diagnosis and surgical procedure performed.

Single-incision laparoscopy for colorectal resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of more than a thousand procedures.

Aim: Single-incision laparoscopy for colorectal surgery is of growing importance. The experience of colorectal resection through single-incision laparoscopic surgery was assessed, including the patient outcomes.

Method: A meta-analysis was performed of studies comparing single-incision laparoscopic with multiport laparoscopy.

Influenza vaccination coverage rate in children: reasons for a failure and how to go forward.

Based on an increasingly extensive literature expressing the large interest in the field, this paper gives an overview of different aspects of influenza prevention in children. It relies on paradoxes. First, the heaviest part of the burden is well demonstrated in the youngest infants by numerous epidemiological data elsewhere.