Calcinosis cutis secondary to facial acne vulgaris: A rare complication.

Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disease commonly affecting the adolescent and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of pleomorphic skin lesions such as comadones, papules, pustules, and nodules. The common complications are postacne hyperpigmentation and scarring causing psychological impact.

Noise as a Health Hazard for Children, Time to Make a Noise about it.

Noise, a modern day curse of advancing infrastructure and technology, has emerged as an important public health problem. Exposure to noise during pregnancy may result in high-frequency hearing loss in newborns, growth retardation, cochlear damage, prematurity and birth defects. Newborns exposed to sound above 45 decibels may experience increase in blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate; decreased oxygen saturation; and increased caloric consumption.

Pharmacological and biochemical studies on the protective effects of melatonin during stress-induced behavioral and immunological changes in relation to oxidative stress in rats.

Stress is known to precipitate neuropsychiatric diseases, and depending upon its nature and intensity it can also influence the functioning of the immune system. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine) a pineal gland hormone and potent antioxidant is known to protect against many diseases. Effect of melatonin in stress-induced neuro-immunomodulation is not well elucidated.

Incidence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney injury in critically ill children - a developing country perspective.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children and is associated with poor outcome.

Objective: To study the incidence, risk factors and outcome of AKI in children admitted to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a developing country.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care PICU over one-year period.

Possible Role of Trichophytin Antigen in Inducing Impaired Immunological Clearance of Fungus in Onychomycosis.

The immunology of onychomycosis is poorly understood. Th1 and Th17 are the principal effector cells responsible for protective immunity against fungi, while it is assumed that Th2 responses are associated with deleterious effects. The study was conducted to appraise the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in onychomycosis patients and to study skin reactivity to trichophytin antigen in them.

Evaluation of adaptogenic-like property of methyl jasmonate in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the adaptogenic-like activity of methyl jasmonate (MJ) in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Male Swiss mice were treated with MJ (25-100mg/kg, i.p.

Efficacy and Safety of Drotaverine Hydrochloride in Children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Drotaverine hydrochroride in children with recurrent abdominal pain.

Design: Double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Pediatric Gastroenterology clinic of a teaching hospital.

Place of sulfonylureas in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A consensus statement.

Since their introduction in clinical practice in the 1950's, Sulfonylureas (SUs) have remained the main-stay of pharmacotherapy in the management of type 2 diabetes. Despite their well-established benefits, their place in therapy is inappropriately being overshadowed by newer therapies. Many of the clinical issues associated with the use of SUs are agent-specific, and do not pertain to the class as such.

TNFα mediates stress-induced depression by upregulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in a mouse model of unpredictable chronic mild stress.

Depression is often preceded by exposure to stressful life events. Chronic stress causes perturbations in the immune system, and up-regulates production of proinflammatory cytokines, which has been proposed to be associated with the pathogenesis of clinical depression. However, the potential mechanisms by which stress-induced proinflammatory cytokines lead to the development of depression are not well understood.

Comorbidity in patients with Dhat syndrome: a nationwide multicentric study.

Introduction: There are limited numbers of studies on Dhat syndrome. Major limitations of the existing literature are heterogeneous assessment methods used to describe the comorbidity and small sample size from isolated centers.

Aim: To assess comorbidity with a common methodology in patients with Dhat syndrome from multiple centers across India.

Pervasive and opposing effects of Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress (UCMS) on hippocampal gene expression in BALB/cJ and C57BL/6J mouse strains.

Background: BALB/cJ is a strain susceptible to stress and extremely susceptible to a defective hedonic impact in response to chronic stressors. The strain offers much promise as an animal model for the study of stress related disorders. We present a comparative hippocampal gene expression study on the effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress on BALB/cJ and C57BL/6J mice.

Expression of estrogen receptor β and Ki 67 in benign & malignant human prostate lesions by immunohistochemistry.

Estrogen regulates the growth of prostate through two receptors Estrogen receptor α & β of which ERβ is proposed to be antiproliferative. There is a wide variation in the results of various studies regarding the localisation, level of expression of ERβ in benign & malignant lesions of prostate and its relation to the grade of tumor emphasizing the need for additional studies to standardize the distribution of this receptor in prostate. This was a prospective study conducted in Department of Pathology, UCMS, Delhi, evaluating ERβ & Ki 67 immunoexpression in 60 cases of benign and malignant lesions of prostate (30 each).

Acute viral hepatitis E presenting with haemolytic anaemia and acute renal failure in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

The association of acute hepatitis E viral (HEV) infection with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency leading to extensive intravascular haemolysis is a very rare clinical entity. Here we discuss such a patient, who presented with acute HEV illness, developed severe intravascular haemolysis and unusually high levels of bilirubin, complicated by acute renal failure (ARF), and was later on found to have a deficiency of G6PD. The patient recovered completely with haemodialysis and supportive management.

Prevalence of Depression in People Living with HIV/AIDS Undergoing ART and Factors Associated with it.

Background: HIV/AIDS is one of the most devastating illnesses that humans have ever faced. Depression in HIV/AIDS patients is very common but the factors affecting it are not well studied.

Aims And Objectives: HIV/AIDS though such a big public health problem worldwide, not enough data is available regarding association of HIV and Depression.

Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis due to tuberculosis: a report of four cases.

Tuberculosis of the central nervous system (CNS) accounts for approximately 1% of all cases of tuberculosis and half of these involve the spine. Intramedullary involvement is rare in tuberculosis and usually present in the form of radiculomyelitis, transverse myelitis, intraspinal granulomas, or thrombosis of anterior spinal artery. Transverse myelitis typically extends two or less spinal segments, whereas longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) extends three or more spinal segments in length and may occasionally span all the segments of the spinal cord.

Unpredictable chronic mild stress induces anxiety and depression-like behaviors and inactivates AMP-activated protein kinase in mice.

The unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model was developed based upon the stress-diathesis hypothesis of depression. Most effects of UCMS can be reversed by antidepressants, demonstrating a strong predictive validity of this model for depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects induced by UCMS remain incompletely understood.

Hypoglycemic and anti-depressant effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu formulation in a model of unpredictable chronic mild stress in rats with diabetes mellitus.

This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering and antidepressant effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Jieyu formulation (ZGJTJY) in a model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM; the UCMS-DM model). Sixty rats were randomly divided into blank control, vehicle (model plus vehicle), positive control (model plus metformin and fluoxetine), and high, medium and low dose ZGJTJY (model plus high, medium and low doses of ZGJTJY, respectively) groups. Following establishment of DM by a high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (38 mg/kg), the depression model was established by application of UCMS for 28 days.

Desvenlafaxine prevents white matter injury and improves the decreased phosphorylation of the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol synthesis in a chronic mouse model of depression.

Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors antidepressants exert their effects by increasing serotonin and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. Studies show it takes 2-3 weeks for the mood-enhancing effects, which indicate other mechanisms may underlie their treatment effects. Here, we investigated the role of white matter in treatment and pathogenesis of depression using an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model.

Comparison of standard-pressure and low-pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a double blinded randomized controlled study.

Background And Objective: With the safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) having been established, the current stress is on reducing the postoperative morbidity associated with this procedure. Hence, this study was undertaken to compare the effect of low-pressure (8 mm Hg) (LPLC) versus standard-pressure (12 mm Hg) (SPLC) pneumoperitoneum on postoperative pain, respiratory and liver functions, the stress response, and the intraoperative surgeon comfort in patients undergoing LC.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing LC (n=43) were randomized into the LPLC (8 mm Hg) group (n=22) and the SPLC (12 mm Hg) group (n=21).

A descriptive study of perceived stress among the North Indian nursing undergraduate students.

Background: In recent years, there is a growing appreciation of the stresses involved in nursing training. It is important for nursing educators to know the prevalence of psychological distress and psychological well-being among nursing students. The present study aimed to assess perceived stress in the undergraduate students studying in a nursing college located in North India.