Comparative evaluation of left atrial size in healthy cats measured by two-dimensional echocardiography and cardiovascular MRI.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess left atrial (LA) size in healthy cats using cardiovascular MRI (cMRI) and to compare this with LA size assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography. The hypothesis was that cMRI would accurately determine LA size in domestic cats.

Methods: A prospective comparative study was performed.

Placental ischemia during pregnancy induces hypertension, cerebral inflammation, and oxidative stress in dams postpartum.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized as de novo hypertension (HTN) with end-organ damage, especially in the brain. PE is hypothesized to be caused by placental ischemia. PE affects ~5-8% of USA pregnancies and increases the risk for HTN and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) later in life.

Body mass index changes and predictors among adults living with HIV/AIDS who are on anti-retroviral therapy at Chiro General Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: a facility-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus continues to be a major global public health issue. Body mass index is a general indicator of nutritional status and has emerged as a powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality among adult PLHIV initiating antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. However, there is a dearth of information regarding longitudinal changes in body mass index and its predictors among adult PLHIV in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area.

Drug-related macular edema: a real-world FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database study.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the risks associated with drug-induced macular edema and to examine the epidemiological characteristics of this condition.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the U.S.

Biofilm characterisation of Mycoplasma bovis co-cultured with Trueperella pyogenes.

Mycoplasma pneumonia, caused by Mycoplasma bovis (Mycoplasmopsis bovis; M. bovis), is linked with severe inflammatory reactions in the lungs and can be challenging to treat with antibiotics. Biofilms play a significant role in bacterial persistence and contribute to the development of chronic lesions.

A qualitative process evaluation of SBIRT implementation in pediatric trauma centers using the Science to Service Laboratory implementation strategy.

Background: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based practice that can identify adolescents who use alcohol and other drugs and support proper referral to treatment. Despite an American College of Surgeons mandate to deliver SBIRT in pediatric trauma care, trauma centers throughout the United States have faced numerous patient, provider, and organizational level barriers to SBIRT implementation. The Implementing Alcohol Misuse Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Study (IAMSBIRT) aimed to implement SBIRT across 10 pediatric trauma centers using the Science-to-Service Laboratory (SSL), an empirically supported implementation strategy.

Whole exome sequencing-based homologous recombination deficiency test for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: The homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) test is an important tool for identifying patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) benefit from the treatment with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi). Using whole exome sequencing (WES)-based platform can provide information of gene mutations and HRD score; however, the clinical value of WES-based HRD test was less validated in EOC.

Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with EOC in the training cohort and 23 in the validation cohort.

Reproductive health literacy scale: a tool to measure the effectiveness of health literacy training.

Background: Refugee women's reproductive health (RH) outcomes have been impacted by several factors, including experiencing war, lack of access to healthcare, and possible gender-based violence. After resettlement, low health literacy, financial difficulties, cultural and linguistic barriers, and unfamiliarity with the healthcare system also add to the preexisting barriers. Although several efforts have focused on health education and improving health literacy among refugee women, there has not been a validated tool to measure the effectiveness of these trainings and their possible impact.

Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in nephrotic syndrome patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Anticoagulants are widely used in the prevention of VTE in NS patients. The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has not been studied intensively in NS patients.

Participation of COX2/mPGES1/PGE2 in mouse and human endometrial stromal decidualization.

Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is vital for embryo implantation and decidualization. Whether COX2/mPGES1/PGE2 pathway is essential for mouse and human decidualization remains unclear.

Results: This study showed that mPGES1 was highly expressed in the mouse uterus's subluminal stromal cells at the implantation site.

Development and validation of the Women Autonomy Scale for measuring psychosocial freedom from conventional gender roles.

Background: The concepts of masculinity and femininity have historically shaped gender roles, leading to inequality and gender-based discrimination. Women's autonomy, defined as the ability to make independent choices across various life domains, remains inadequately measured by existing scales. This study addresses this gap by developing and validating the Women Autonomy Scale (WAS).

Lewy body diseases and the gut.

Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in Lewy body diseases (LBDs) has been observed since the initial descriptions of patients by James Parkinson. Recent experimental and human observational studies raise the possibility that pathogenic alpha-synuclein (⍺-syn) might develop in the GI tract and subsequently spread to susceptible brain regions. The cellular and mechanistic origins of ⍺-syn propagation in disease are under intense investigation.

A comprehensive comparison of PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: PARP inhibitors (PARPis) have shown promising effectiveness for ovarian cancer. This network meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number CRD42024503390) comprehensively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of PARPis in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PSROC).

Methods: Articles published before January 6, 2024 were obtained from electronic databases.

Association of serum magnesium and calcium with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study from the Qatar-biobank.

Background And Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constituent comorbidities, along with mineral imbalances, pose a significant health burden in the Qatari population. Although Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca) have been individually linked to MetS, the impact of the calcium-to-magnesium ratio (Ca: Mg) on MetS remains unclear, especially in the adult population of Qatar. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between the total serum concentrations of Ca, Mg and Ca: Mg ratio with the outcome of MetS.

Intricate interplay of CRISPR-Cas systems, anti-CRISPR proteins, and antimicrobial resistance genes in a globally successful multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clone.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most prevalent pathogens responsible for multiple infections in healthcare settings and the community. K. pneumoniae CG147, primarily including ST147 (the founder ST), ST273, and ST392, is one of the most globally successful MDR clone linked to various carbapenemases.

Intention to use eLearning-based continuing professional development and its predictors among healthcare professionals in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia, 2023: using modified UTAUT-2 model.

Background: Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is provided through in-service programs organized based on competency development and lifelong learning for healthcare professionals to stay fit with the required knowledge and skills. However, healthcare professionals' financial constraints and tight schedules sending them away from the workplace for CPD training is a challenge. eLearning is becoming the best solution to overcome those barriers and create accessible, efficient, flexible, and convenient professional development.

Enhancing the role of mass media in the translation of evidence from health policy and systems research in Nigeria.

Background: There are massive gaps in communication between health researchers and policy-makers in Nigeria, which constrains the use of research evidence for policy-making. Mass media can help in bridging the gaps, especially since the media has the reach and a reputation for presenting information in ways that elicit actions from the public and policy-makers.

Objective: There is a small body of emerging literature from Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa, evidencing the usefulness of the media to encourage evidence translation in the health sector; and even evidence translation theories are light on dissemination.

The association of body roundness index and body mass index with frailty and all-cause mortality: a study from the population aged 40 and above in the United States.

Background: The relationship between body roundness index (BRI), a new obesity index, and frailty has not been established. This study aims to compare the associations of traditional obesity index body mass index (BMI) and BRI with frailty and the risk of all-cause mortality.

Methods: The clinical data of 15,157 participants over 40 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2018 were analyzed.

Quantifying the potential value of entomological data collection for programmatic decision-making on malaria control in sub-Saharan African settings.

Background: The availability of many tools for malaria control leads to complex decisions regarding the most cost-effective intervention package based on local epidemiology. Mosquito characteristics influence the impact of vector control, but entomological surveillance is often limited due to a lack of resources in national malaria programmes.

Methods: This study quantified the monetary value of information provided by entomological data collection for programmatic decision-making using a mathematical model of Plasmodium falciparum transmission.

Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Zhejiang province, China.

Background: Self-care, a process of maintaining health through health-promoting practices and managing illness, is pivotal for the management of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the self-care level and investigate its socio-demographic and clinical determinants among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we enrolled 495 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes from the outpatient departments of three tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang province, China.

Gene expression of psychiatric disorder-related kinesin superfamily proteins (Kifs) is potentiated in alternatively activated primary cultured microglia.

Objective: Reactivity of microglia, the resident cells of the brain, underlies innate immune mechanisms (e.g., injury repair), and disruption of microglial reactivity has been shown to facilitate psychiatric disorder dysfunctions.

The attitudes of physicians toward nurse prescribing rights: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nursing prescribing rights have been proposed in many countries, with physicians' attitudes playing an important role. This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of physicians toward nurse prescribing rights.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 112 Chinese physicians was conducted from January to March 2024.

Current status and factors influencing kinesiophobia in patients with meniscus injury: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationships between kinesiophobia and injury severity, balance ability, knee pain intensity, self-efficacy, and functional status in patients with meniscus injuries and to identify key predictors of kinesiophobia.

Design: A single-center, prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 123 patients diagnosed with meniscus injuries at Fujian Provincial Hospital was conducted.

Graft-repositioning technique using infusion and small bubbles during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Background: Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a highly effective procedure for corneal endothelial dysfunction; however, once a DMEK graft is deployed, repositioning can be challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a technique that utilizes infusion and small air bubbles to reposition a misaligned deployed graft.

Methods: This retrospective interventional case series enrolled patients who underwent DMEK between January 2022 and July 2023, including cases where the DMEK graft was attached and unfolded in off-center positions".