407,166 results match your criteria: "University College[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • High-intensity statin therapy is effective in reducing mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but elderly patients often tolerate moderate-intensity statins better due to intolerance risks.
  • A study compared the incidence of statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in elderly ASCVD patients on either high-intensity statins or moderate-intensity statins combined with ezetimibe.
  • Results showed that combination therapy significantly reduced SAMS (0.7% vs 5.7%) while achieving comparable LDL-C target levels (75.4% vs 68.7%), indicating that moderate-intensity therapy with ezetim
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of an exercise intervention for young people aged 13-17 with mild to moderate depression, comparing high-intensity exercise, low-intensity exercise, and social activities.
  • Participants were recruited through mental health services and schools, with the intervention delivered over 12 weeks by trained professionals.
  • Results showed a 71.4% retention rate and over 67% attendance, although only 14 participants were randomized from the initial referrals, indicating challenges in recruitment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Urine biomarkers are crucial for monitoring patient responses in treating urological pathologies, including non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Yet, analysing urine biomarkers poses several challenges, including ensuring specimen stability during transportation and analytical processing. This prospective feasibility study aimed to investigate how urinary leukocytes and proteins are impacted by storing and refrigerating urine.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The clinical, research and advocacy communities for Rett syndrome are striving to achieve clinical trial readiness, including having fit-for-purpose clinical outcome assessments. This study aimed to (1) describe psychometric properties of clinical outcome assessment for Rett syndrome and (2) identify what is needed to ensure that fit-for-purpose clinical outcome assessments are available for clinical trials.

Methods: Clinical outcome assessments for the top 10 priority domains identified in the Voice of the Patient Report for Rett syndrome were compiled and available psychometric data were extracted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To optimize patient outcomes, healthcare decisions should be based on the most up-to-date high-quality evidence. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are vital for demonstrating the efficacy of interventions; however, information on how an intervention compares to already available treatments and/or fits into treatment algorithms is sometimes limited. Although different therapeutic classes are available for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assessing the relative efficacy of these treatments is challenging.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits a complex microenvironment with diverse cell populations influencing patient prognosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to identify prognosis-related cell types, and DNA methylation (DNAm)-based models were developed to predict outcomes based on their cellular characteristics.

Methods: We integrated scRNA-seq, bulk data, and clinical information to identify key cell populations associated with prognosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Diagnostic performance of ChatGPT-4.0 in histopathological description analysis of oral and maxillofacial lesions: a comparative study with pathologists.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol

November 2024

Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, Chief of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ChatGPT-4.0 in histopathological diagnoses of oral and maxillofacial lesions and compare its performance with pathologists.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis of 102 histopathological descriptions was conducted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Hypertension therapy in older adults is often suboptimal, in part because of inadequate suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). We hypothesised that distinct endotypes of RAAS activation before noncardiac surgery are associated with increased risk of myocardial injury.

Methods: This was a prespecified exploratory analysis of a multicentre randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN17251494) which randomised patients ≥60 yr old undergoing elective noncardiac surgery to either continue or stop RAAS inhibitors (determined by pharmacokinetic profiles).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Microbiology reference laboratories perform a crucial role within public health systems. This role was especially evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this Viewpoint, we emphasise the importance of microbiology reference laboratories and highlight the types of digital data and expertise they provide, which benefit national and international public health.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Korean society is projected to undergo a rapid aging of its workforce. We explored gender differences in the association between working hours and the onset of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older workers.

Study Design: This study included workers aged ≥45 years from a nationwide panel study with biennial follow-ups (n = 4941, observations = 18,531).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Surgical smoke generated by energy devices poses health risks to medical staff. During laparoscopic surgery, the smoke aggregating around the camera obstructs the visual field, forcing surgeons to interrupt surgery, and may increase surgical risk. We propose a proximal smoke evacuation method to improve surgical quality by effectively eliminating surgical smoke.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: A crowd crush can lead to respiratory arrest and result in multiple mass cardiac arrests (MCAs), which are often classified as Black Tag in disaster triage. Recently, many laypersons have been commonly trained in compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without ventilation support in various communities. This study aims to describe the characteristics of bystander CPR administered and the outcomes of MCAs during the Itaewon crowd crush incident.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effects of Smoking Behavior Change on Diabetes Incidence after Cancer Development: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Diabetes Metab

December 2024

Department of Family Medicine and Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Aim: Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) increase risks of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in cancer survivors. An increased risk of DM incidence in cancer survivors has been observed and smoking is an important modifiable risk factor for DM development in the general population. Thus, we investigated the association between smoking behavior change after cancer diagnosis and DM incidence in cancer survivors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Single-cell RNA seq-derived signatures define response patterns to atezolizumab + bevacizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

J Hepatol

December 2024

Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program (Divisions of Liver Diseases, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine), Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08010, Spain. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (atezo+bev) is the current standard of care for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), providing a median overall survival (OS) of 19.2 months. Here, we aim to uncover the underlying cellular processes driving clinical benefit versus resistance to atezo+bev.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Prospective evaluation of lung cancer screening eligibility criteria and lung cancer detection in the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial.

J Thorac Oncol

December 2024

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Electronic address:

Introduction: Low dose CT (LDCT) screening for lung cancer reduces lung cancer mortality, but there is a lack of international consensus regarding the optimal eligibility criteria for screening. The Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial (YLST) was designed to evaluate lung cancer screening (LCS) implementation and a primary objective was prospective evaluation of 3 pre-defined eligibility criteria.

Methods: Individuals who had ever smoked, aged 55-80yrs, who responded to written invitation, underwent telephone risk assessment and if eligible by at least one criteria (PLCO≥1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and re-tear rates of medium-sized rotator cuff tears repaired with incomplete footprint coverage using the transosseous-equivalent technique versus those with complete footprint coverage plus bone marrow stimulation.

Methods: The retrospective study, conducted from March 2019 to December 2021, included consecutive patients with medium-sized (1-3cm) posterosuperior rotator cuff tears repaired using the transosseous-equivalent technique and bone marrow stimulation, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of footprint coverage achieved: Group C (complete coverage) and Group I (incomplete coverage).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Psychotropic Taxonomies: Constructing a Therapeutic Framework for Psychiatry.

Biol Psychiatry

December 2024

Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Pharmacological interventions are a cornerstone of psychiatric practice. The taxonomies used to classify these interventions influence the treatment and interpretation of psychiatric symptoms. Disease-based classification systems (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Prognostic models for progression-free survival in atypical meningioma: Comparison of machine learning-based approach and the COX model in an Asian multicenter study.

Radiother Oncol

December 2024

Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Atypical meningiomas are prevalent intracranial tumors with varied prognoses and recurrence rates. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) in atypical meningiomas remains debated. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model incorporating machine learning techniques and clinical factors to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with atypical meningiomas and assess the impact of ART.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Catalogue of inherited autosomal recessive disorders found amongst the Roma population of Europe.

Eur J Med Genet

December 2024

Department of Clinical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Children's' Health Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland; Academic Centre on Rare Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland; National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Children's Health Ireland, Temple Street Dublin, Republic of Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: The Roma population are an endogamous, genetically isolated, minority population who migrated from North-Western India to Europe from the 10 Century throughout the Byzantine period and continues to the present day. Approximately 10-12 million Romani people reside in segregated settlements in Europe, and smaller populations live in North America and China. In addition to the endogamy, they also practice consanguinity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The disadvantaged populations eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) epidemiology (DEGREE) study was designed to gain insight into the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of undetermined cause (CKDu) using standard protocols to estimate the general-population prevalence of low eGFR internationally. Therefore, we estimated the age-standardized prevalence of eGFR under 60 ml/min per 1.73m in adults aged 18-60, excluding participants with commonly known causes of CKD; an ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio) over 300 mg/g or equivalent, or self-reported or measured (HT) hypertension or (DM) diabetes mellitus, stratified by sex and location.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: Glepaglutide is a long-acting GLP-2 analog developed to improve intestinal absorption in short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients. We conducted a trial to establish efficacy and safety of glepaglutide in reducing parenteral support (PS) needs in SBS patients with intestinal failure (IF).

Methods: In an international, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, phase 3 trial, SBS-IF patients requiring PS ≥3 days/week were randomized 1:1:1 to 24 weeks of glepaglutide 10 mg twice-weekly (TW) or once-weekly (OW), or placebo.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pathological roles of lncRNA HOTAIR in liver cancer: An updated review.

Gene

December 2024

Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.

Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global scale. The two primary types of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). While ICC originates from the bile ducts, HCC develops from hepatocytes, which are the primary functional cells of the liver.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Structure-activity relationship of modified amphiphilic cationic cyclodextrins for enhanced siRNA delivery.

Int J Pharm

December 2024

Pharmacodelivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland; Department of Haematology and Cancer Research@UCC, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland. Electronic address:

The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups, at positions C2, C3 and C6 on the cyclodextrin (CD) ring structure allows for extensive functionalisation, enabling the development of biomaterials with significant potential for therapeutic siRNA delivery. To identify structural modifications that enhance activity, a range of cationic amphiphilic CDs, including both β- and γ-CDs, were synthesised, compared and evaluated. Each CDs incorporated a C lipid chain on the primary face of the CD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF