Beta-blockers in Hypertensive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Atrial Fibrillation Prevention.

Background: Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (HTN LVH) is a key risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective: To evaluate the possible role of beta-blockers (BBs) in addition to a renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) blocker in AF prevention in patients with HTN LVH.

Methods: We performed a PubMed, Elsevier, SAGE, Oxford, and Google Scholar search with the search items 'beta blocker hypertension left ventricular hypertrophy patient' from 2013-2023.

An analysis of published cases of cutting balloon use in spontaneous coronary artery dissection.

Introduction: SCAD involves a sudden tear or separation within the layers of the coronary artery wall, resulting in blood flow obstruction and subsequent myocardial ischemia.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant published cases of cutting balloon use in patients diagnosed with spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were systematically searched from inception until the present using terms "cutting balloon," "SCAD," "acute coronary syndrome," "intramural hematoma," and "angioplasty.

Pituitary tumors and the risk of other malignancies: is the relationship coincidental or causal?

Pituitary adenomas are benign neoplasms of the pituitary. The most prevalent are prolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas, followed by growth hormone- and ACTH-secreting adenomas. Most pituitary adenomas seem to be sporadic and their persistent growth is very atypical.

Familial Cancer Clustering in Patients with Prolactinoma.

People are at higher risk for malignancy as they get older or have a strong family history of cancer. This study aims to collect family history of cancer in a large cohort of patients with pituitary adenomas (PA) in outpatient clinic from years 2005-2017. Overall, 46.

Lymphocytic Hypophysitis Successfully Treated with Stereotactic Radiosurgery: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH) is an autoimmune inflammatory infiltration of the pituitary gland, usually with a benign evolution. In rare circumstances the inflammatory process may extend beyond the pituitary and infiltrate the surrounding structures. We present a 42-year-old woman affected by an aggressive form of LH with extension to the cavernous sinus causing internal carotid artery occlusion and right sixth cranial nerve palsy.

Developing and evaluating rare disease educational materials co-created by expert clinicians and patients: the paradigm of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Background: Patients with rare diseases face health disparities and are often challenged to find accurate information about their condition. We aimed to use the best available evidence and community partnerships to produce patient education materials for congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and the olfacto-genital (Kallmann) syndrome (i.e.

DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Expanding the cause of hypopituitarism.

Hypopituitarism is defined as one or more pituitary hormone deficits due to a lesion in the hypothalamic-pituitary region. By far, the most common cause of hypopituitarism associated with a sellar mass is a pituitary adenoma. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosing hypopituitarism in several other conditions such as other massess in the sellar and parasellar region, brain damage caused by radiation and by traumatic brain injury, vascular lesions, infiltrative/immunological/inflammatory diseases (lymphocytic hypophysitis, sarcoidosis and hemochromatosis), infectious diseases and genetic disorders.

Considering GH replacement for GH-deficient adults with a previous history of cancer: a conundrum for the clinician.

Previous studies have shown that GH and IGF-I may enhance tumorigenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation in humans and animals. Evidence supporting this notion is derived from animal model studies, epidemiological studies, experience from patients with acromegaly, molecular therapeutic manipulation of GH and IGF-I actions, and individuals with GH receptor and congenital IGF-I deficiencies. Prior exposure to radiation therapy, aging, family history of cancer, and individual susceptibility may also contribute to increase this risk.

Growth hormone replacement in patients with a history of malignancy: a review of the literature and best practice for offering treatment.

Previous studies have implicated the growth hormone (GH)/IGF-I axis as an important mediator of cancer risk in humans and animals. Evidence supporting this notion is derived from animal studies, epidemiological observations, patients with acromegaly and from therapeutic manipulation of GH and IGF-I actions. Therefore, the use of GH therapy in patients with a history of malignancy raises hypothetical safety concerns.

Alternative causes of hypopituitarism: traumatic brain injury, cranial irradiation, and infections.

Hypopituitarism often remains unrecognized due to subtle clinical manifestations. Anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies may present as isolated or multiple and may be transient or permanent. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as a risk factor for hypopituitarism, most frequently presenting with isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

GH therapy and cancer risk in hypopituitarism: what we know from human studies.

It has been difficult to identify factors that affect the risk of cancer, but we know that people are at higher risk as they get older, or if they have a strong family history of cancer. The potential influence of environmental and behavioral factors remains poorly understood. Early population-based and case-control studies suggested that higher serum levels of IGF1 could be associated with increased cancer risk.

Psychiatric and neuropsychological changes in growth hormone-deficient patients after traumatic brain injury in response to growth hormone therapy.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recently recognized as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and hypopituitarism, presented most frequently with GH deficiency (GHD). GHD is associated not only with changes in body composition, but also with impaired quality of life, cognitive dysfunctions and some psychiatric sequelae, usually classified as "depression" or "atypical depression". The impact of GH therapy on mental status in TBI patients is still unknown.

Changes in neuroendocrine and metabolic hormones induced by atypical antipsychotics in normal-weight patients with schizophrenia.

Context: Atypical antipsychotics (SGA) have the propensity to induce weight gain.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate early changes in hormones involved in neuroendocrine regulations (serum cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin) and positive energy balance (serum insulin, leptin and ghrelin) during SGA treatment in normal-weight patients with schizophrenia with the purpose of exploring the possibility to combat weight gain early through manipulation of circulating hormone levels.

Design: We conducted a randomized, partly cross-sectional and partly longitudinal, prospective study.

Leptin and the pituitary.

Although leptin was originally viewed as an antiobesity hormone, it is now evident that it may have more pleiotropic actions. Experiments in rodents have shown that leptin activates the sympathetic nervous system, is involved in regulation of blood pressure, hematopoiesis, immune function, angiogenesis and brain, bone and pituitary development. Some biological effects expected based on observations in rodents, have so far not been seen in humans.

The therapeutic efficacy of VBCMP-M2 protocol in multiple myeloma.

Within a period from March 1983 to November 1988, 93 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, 47 men and 46 women aged from 41 to 80 years were treated with protocol VBCMP-M2. A response was achieved in 30 (60%) patients in stage II and 22 (51%) in stage III, the overall response rate being 56%. 41% of all patients entered plateau phase, more frequently in stage II (46%) than in stage III (37%) patients.