ESWT Diminishes Axonal Regeneration following Repair of the Rat Median Nerve with Muscle-In-Vein Conduits but Not after Autologous Nerve Grafting.

Investigations reporting positive effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on nerve regeneration are limited to the rat sciatic nerve model. The effects of ESWT on muscle-in-vein conduits (MVCs) have also not been investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ESWT after repair of the rat median nerve with either autografts (ANGs) or MVCs.

Blocking of Caspases Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Periodontal Cells.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that is associated with caspase activity. Caspases could thus become molecular targets for the modulation of the inflammatory response to harmful factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and TNFα. Here, the impact of the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoro-methyl ketone) on the modulation of the LPS-induced inflammatory response of murine RAW 264.

Damaged Mesenchymal Cells Dampen the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages and the Formation of Osteoclasts.

Damage to mesenchymal cells occurs by dental implant drills as a consequence of shear forces and heat generation. However, how the damaged mesenchymal cells can affect the polarization of macrophages and their differentiation into osteoclastogenesis is not fully understood. To simulate cell damage, we exposed suspended ST2 murine bone marrow stromal cells to freeze/thawing or sonication cycles, followed by centrifugation.

Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) can stimulate processes to promote regeneration, including cell proliferation and modulation of inflammation. Specific miRNA expression panels have been established to define correlations with regulatory targets within these pathways. This study aims to investigate the influence of low-energy ESWT-applied within the subacute and chronic phase of SCI (spinal cord injury) on recovery in a rat spinal cord contusion model.

Clinical effectiveness of restorative materials for the restoration of carious primary teeth without pulp therapy: a systematic review.

Purpose: To systematically search the available evidence and evaluate the clinical effectiveness of restorative materials for restoration of carious primary teeth. The findings aimed to support the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) guidelines development.

Methods: Literature search was performed by searching 4 electronic databases for eligible randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) comparing restorative materials for the restoration of carious primary teeth up to December 28th, 2020.

Periodontitis prevalence in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease - PPCC: A case-control study.

Aim: The aim of this questionnaire-based case-control study was to assess whether self-reported oral health and periodontitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) differ from those in matched controls without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Materials And Methods: A survey including questions on general anamnestic information, IBD diagnosis, and oral health was distributed online. Self-perceived overall health of teeth and gums, severe periodontitis, and tooth loss were defined as outcome parameters.

Clinical Effectiveness of Restorative Materials for the Restoration of Carious Primary Teeth: An Umbrella Review.

Since untreated dental caries remain a worldwide burden, this umbrella review aimed to assess the quality of evidence on the clinical effectiveness of different restorative materials for the treatment of carious primary teeth. A literature search in electronic bibliographic databases was performed to find systematic reviews with at least two-arm comparisons between restorative materials and a follow-up period ≥12 months. Reviews retrieved were screened; those eligible were selected, and the degree of overlap was calculated using the 'corrected covered area' (CCA).

Occurrence of Lymphangiogenesis in Peripheral Nerve Autografts Contrasts Schwann Cell-Induced Apoptosis of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells In Vitro.

Peripheral nerve injuries pose a major clinical concern world-wide, and functional recovery after segmental peripheral nerve injury is often unsatisfactory, even in cases of autografting. Although it is well established that angiogenesis plays a pivotal role during nerve regeneration, the influence of lymphangiogenesis is strongly under-investigated. In this study, we analyzed the presence of lymphatic vasculature in healthy and regenerated murine peripheral nerves, revealing that nerve autografts contained increased numbers of lymphatic vessels after segmental damage.

Retrospective Cohort Study on Potential Risk Factors for Repeated Need of Dental Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia in a Private Pediatric Dental Practice.

The need for dental rehabilitations under general anesthesia (DRGAs) is continuously increasing, particularly for dental treatment of children. The present retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate potential risk factors for repeated need of DRGA in a cohort of patients from a private pediatric dental practice. Demographic and anamnestic data, dental status, and treatments performed during DRGA were retrospectively analyzed from the electronic dental charts of 1155 children that received at least one DRGA between October 2016 and December 2021.

Impact of Silver Diamine Fluoride Therapy on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Preschool Children with Behavioral Problems after Three Months: A Pilot Study.

Background: In Austria, almost every second child has caries. The consequences of untreated carious lesions are infections, pain, and limitations in everyday life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatment on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of uncooperative children aged 0−5 years using the German version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-G).

Blood Clots versus PRF: Activating TGF-β Signaling and Inhibiting Inflammation In Vitro.

The preparation of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) requires blood centrifugation to separate the yellow plasma from the red erythrocyte fraction. PRF membranes prepared from coagulated yellow plasma are then transferred to the defect sites to support tissue regeneration. During natural wound healing, however, it is the unfractionated blood clot (UBC) that fills the defect site.

Multi-Level Analysis of Adipose Tissue Reveals the Relevance of Perivascular Subpopulations and an Increased Endothelial Permeability in Early-Stage Lipedema.

Lipedema is a chronic, progressive disease of adipose tissue with unknown etiology. Based on the relevance of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell population in lipedema, we performed a thorough characterization of subcutaneous adipose tissue, SVF isolated thereof and the sorted populations of endothelial cells (EC), pericytes and cultured adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASC) of early-stage lipedema patients. We employed histological and gene expression analysis and investigated the endothelial barrier by immunofluorescence and analysis of endothelial permeability in vitro.

Immunomodulatory Activities of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Orthodontic Forces-Induced Inflammatory Processes: Current Views and Future Perspectives.

Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is induced by applying active mechanical forces, causing a local non-infectious inflammatory response in the periodontal ligament (PDL). As a prerequisite for OTM, the inflammation status is associated with increased levels of various cytokines and involves the interaction between immune cells and periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). It is well established that hPDLSCs respond to orthodontic forces in several ways, such as by secreting multiple inflammatory factors.

Enamel Matrix Derivative Decreases Pyroptosis-Related Genes in Macrophages.

: Pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent catabolic process relevant to periodontal disorders for which inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of the disease. Although enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been applied to support periodontal regeneration, its capacity to modulate the expression of pyroptosis-related genes remains unknown. Considering EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and pyroptosis is linked to the activation of the inflammasome in chronic periodontitis, the question arises whether EMD could reduce pyroptosis signalling.

The Impact of Periodontitis on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontitis are chronic, progressive, inflammatory diseases with similarly complex pathogeneses that involve an interplay between dysbiotic microbiota and dysregulated immune-inflammatory responses. However, whether the presence of periodontitis is associated with IBD activity and/or its severity remains unknown.

Methods: An online, questionnaire-based study was answered by 1093 patients with IBD, comprising 527 patients with Crohn's disease and 566 patients with ulcerative colitis.

Pneumocephalus as result of nonsurgical peri-implantitis treatment with an air-polishing device for submucosal debridement-A case report.

Background: A subcutaneous emphysema is an infrequent but potentially life-threatening complication after dental treatment involving instruments functioning with pressurized air. Emphysemata after the use of high-speed handpieces and air-syringes are well documented, however, more recently several reports on emphysemata produced by air-polishing devices during management of peri-implant biological complications have appeared. To the best of our knowledge, direct development of pneumocephalus after a dental procedure has never been reported before.

Influence of the use of autogenous bone particles to close the access window after maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a micro-computed tomography and positron emission tomography study in rabbits.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate using microCT and positron emission tomography (PET) analysis, the influence on bone healing of the placement of particulate autogenous bone in the antrostomy, and in the subjacent region after maxillary sinus elevation with xenograft.

Material And Methods: The sinus mucosa was elevated in sixteen male New Zealand rabbits and they were both grafted with a collagenated cortico-cancellous porcine bone. The antrostomy and the near subjacent region were filled with either the same xenograft (control site) or with particulate autogenous bone (test site) harvested from the tibia.

Concentrated Growth Factors Promote hBMSCs Osteogenic Differentiation in a Co-Culture System With HUVECs.

Osteogenesis is a complex physiologic process that occurs during bone regeneration. This process requires several growth factors that act on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a new-generation platelet-rich derivative that is an appealing autologous material for application in tissue repair and bone regenerative medicine because it contains a variety of fibrin and growth factors.

Treatment of Severe Caries and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and Its Influence on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Children: A Comparative Study.

Background: Treatment of oral diseases can have a long-lasting impact on a child's life well beyond its childhood years. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of treatment on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with severe caries and severe molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH).

Methods: A total of 210 children (mean age 9 years; 49% female) with severe caries (inner third of dentin) and severe MIH (post-eruptive breakdown, crown destruction) were included in the study.

Retrospective Evaluation of Implants Placed in Iliac Crest Autografts and Pristine Bone.

Objective: Iliac crest autografts can compensate for severe mandibular atrophy before implant placement. However, the implant success in the augmented bone is not entirely predictable. Here we performed a retrospective cohort study to determine the success and related parameters of implants placed in augmented bone and pristine bone for up to 11 years.