A wide mesio-distal gap in sites of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors is related to a thin alveolar ridge.

Objectives: To evaluate (i) a possible correlation between the mesio-distal gap width and the alveolar ridge (AR) dimensions in patients missing the maxillary lateral incisor (I2) either due to agenesis or loss and (ii) the possibility of straightforward implant placement based on simulation.

Methods: The bucco-palatal width, area, and height of the AR at the position of I2, and the mesio-distal gap width between the central incisor and the canine, were assessed in maxillary CT scans of three groups: Patients with (i) agenesis of I2 (T ; n = 40); (ii) I2 regularly erupted but extracted (T ; n = 24); (iii) I2 regularly erupted and in situ (C; n = 40). Further, the possibility of straightforward placement of an implant 3 or 3.

Adverse reaction after hyaluronan injection for minimally invasive papilla volume augmentation. A report on two cases.

Objectives: To report two cases of adverse reaction after mucosal hyaluronan (HY) injection around implant-supported crowns, with the aim to augment the missing interdental papilla.

Material And Methods: Two patients with single, non-neighbouring, implants in the anterior maxilla, who were treated within the frames of a randomized controlled clinical trial testing the effectiveness of HY gel injection to reconstruct missing papilla volume at single implants, presented an adverse reaction. Injection of HY was performed bilaterally using a 3-step technique: (i) creation of a reservoir in the mucosa directly above the mucogingival junction, (ii) injection into the attached gingiva/mucosa below the missing papilla, and (iii) injection 2-3 mm apically to the papilla tip.

Influence of repeat surgery on treatment time in the interdisciplinary management of impacted maxillary canines: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of repeat surgery on treatment time in the interdisciplinary management of impacted maxillary canines.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients referred for computed tomographic examination for impacted maxillary canines within a 5-year observational period. The occurrence of repeat surgery was analysed with regard to treatment time, canine location, and surgical exposure technique.

Magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joint with anterior disk dislocation without reposition - long-term results.

Objectives: Anterior disk dislocation (ADD) without reposition in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may be associated with morphological changes in the retrodiscal region of the bilaminar zone presenting as pseudo-disk (PD). The present study was initiated to investigate the development of retrodiscal fibrosis in a period of 4-8 years and to assess if patients with a PD show differences in the clinical and radiologic findings versus patients without a PD.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective follow-up study of 33 consecutive patients with ADD without reposition in one or both TMJs, a clinical and MRI-supported evaluation was conducted 4 to 8 years after baseline diagnosis.

Effects of Shock Waves on Expression of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and TNF-α Expression by Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) can modulate cell behavior through mechanical information transduction. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF) are sensible to mechanical stimulus and can express pro-inflammatory molecules in response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of shock waves on interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression by hPDLF.

Total Antioxidant Capacity and Total Oxidant Status in Saliva of Periodontitis Patients in Relation to Bacterial Load.

The detection of salivary biomarkers has a potential application in early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal inflammation. However, searching sensitive salivary biomarkers for periodontitis is still ongoing. Oxidative stress is supposed to play an important role in periodontitis progression and tissue destruction.

Habilitations as a bottleneck? A retrospective analysis of gender differences at the Medical University of Vienna.

Background: The share of female physicians who drop out of a university career increases disproportionately with every career step. In this project, we analysed careers at the Medical University of Vienna (formerly the Medical Faculty at the University of Vienna) in the time span from 1992 to 2012 to explore the particular role of habilitations as a potential obstacle for women striving to pursue a career in science.

Methods: To gain both a macro- and micro-view of the phenomenon of habilitations, a descriptive analysis of the data found in the archive of the Medical University of Vienna was carried out as a first step.

Oral health status and dental care behaviours of head and neck cancer patients: a cross-sectional study in an Austrian tertiary hospital.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the oral health status and dental care behaviours of patients treated for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in an Austrian tertiary hospital.

Materials And Methods: Dental care behaviours, oral hygiene level, caries, and periodontal parameters were assessed in 48 patients treated for HNSCC >6 months ago.

Results: Only 52 % requested a dental check-up after HNSCC diagnosis and prior to treatment, and of those, 80 % received some type of dental treatment.

Decellularized human placenta chorion matrix as a favorable source of small-diameter vascular grafts.

Unlabelled: Biomaterials based on decellularized tissues are increasingly attracting attention as functional alternatives to other natural or synthetic materials. However, a source of non-cadaver human allograft material would be favorable. Here we establish a decellularization method of vascular tissue from cryopreserved human placenta chorionic plate starting with an initial freeze-thaw step followed by a series of chemical treatments applied with a custom-made perfusion system.

The frequency of dental abscesses increases in periods of low barometric pressure.

Bioclimatic conditions are thought to have an impact on the frequency of dental abscesses but previous studies have suffered from small patient cohorts, methodological obstacles, and restriction to a single site resulting in limited geographic and meteorological variability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of environmental temperature and barometric pressure on the frequency of dental abscesses. Three maxillofacial and two dental clinics in Vienna retrospectively provided a total of 19,218 patients with dentoalveolar abscesses who were treated by intraoral incision between 1998 and 2011.

Relative Composition of Fibrous Connective and Fatty/Glandular Tissue in Connective Tissue Grafts Depends on the Harvesting Technique but not the Donor Site of the Hard Palate.

Background: Whether the composition of palatal connective tissue grafts (CTGs) varies depending on donor site or harvesting technique in terms of relative amounts of fibrous connective tissue (CT) and fatty/glandular tissue (FGT) is currently unknown and is histologically assessed in the present study.

Methods: In 10 fresh human cadavers, tissue samples were harvested in the anterior and posterior palate and in areas close to (marginal) and distant from (apical) the mucosal margin. Mucosal thickness, lamina propria thickness (defined as the extent of subepithelial portion of the biopsy containing ≤25% or ≤50% FGT), and proportions of CT and FGT were semi-automatically estimated for the entire mucosa and for CTGs virtually harvested by split-flap (SF) preparation minimum 1 mm deep or after deepithelialization (DE).

Effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on pulpal blood flow after orthodontic treatment: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The effect of non-invasive extracorporeal shockwaves on pulpal blood flow in orthodontic patients who have undergone active treatment was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two adult patients were enrolled in the clinical trial and allocated by block randomization to a treatment or a placebo group at a 1:1 ratio. The patients were required to be otherwise healthy.

Potential mechanism for osseointegration of dental implants in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.

Our aim was to investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus and different durations of glycaemic control on early osseointegration of dental implants, and to explore possible mechanisms by measuring the expression of integrin α5β1 and fibronectin in bone around the implant. We divided 33 male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats aged 3 months into 3 groups. The first group comprised diabetic rats with dental implants (controls); the second group was treated with insulin and implants were placed simultaneously (exenatide alone group); and the third group was treated with insulin until the serum glucose was at a constant concentration (< 16 mmol/L), and implants were then inserted (exenatide+normal glucose group).

Survival of direct resin restorations in posterior teeth within a 19-year period (1996-2015): A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the survival of posterior composite restorations published within the last 19 years (1996-2015).

Methods: In this study only prospective, clinical trials with specification of the failure rate according to Class I/II composite fillings were included. Studies were analyzed according to the observation period (all studies vs.

MicroCT-based evaluation of the trabecular bone quality of different implant anchorage sites for masticatory rehabilitation of the maxilla.

In the severely atrophied maxilla, implant anchorage in the zygomatic bone is considered a viable alternative to conventional dental implants with preceding bone augmentation procedures. The present microCT-based study compared the trabecular bone quality of the maxilla and zygomatic bone. MicroCT scanning was conducted in 12 halves of cadaver heads (5 male, 7 female) with edentulous, atrophied maxillae.

Outer membrane vesicles of Tannerella forsythia: biogenesis, composition, and virulence.

Tannerella forsythia is the only 'red-complex' bacterium covered by an S-layer, which has been shown to affect virulence. Here, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enriched with putative glycoproteins are described as a new addition to the virulence repertoire of T. forsythia.

A root canal filling per se does not have a significant negative effect on the marginal periodontium.

Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status of single-rooted endodontically treated teeth (ET), correcting for patient- and tooth-related factors.

Methods: Clinical parameters (BoP,PD,CAL) of 240 ET and 240 contralateral vital teeth (VT), before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment, were extracted retrospectively from the journals of 175 patients. Possible patient-related (age, gender, smoking status) and tooth-related (interproximal restoration, root canal filling's extent, post, tooth type) confounders were tested.

Laser teeth bleaching: evaluation of eventual side effects on enamel and the pulp and the efficiency in vitro and in vivo.

Light and heat increase the reactivity of hydrogen peroxide. There is no evidence that light activation (power bleaching with high-intensity light) results in a more effective bleaching with a longer lasting effect with high concentrated hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels. Laser light differs from conventional light as it requires a laser-target interaction.

Insight in the chemistry of laser-activated dental bleaching.

The use of optical radiation for the activation of bleaching products has not yet been completely elucidated. Laser light is suggested to enhance the oxidizing effect of hydrogen peroxide. Different methods of enhancing hydrogen peroxide based bleaching are possible.

Impact of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on tooth mobility in adult orthodontic patients: a randomized single-center placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Aim: This RCT investigated the effect of non-invasive extracorporeal shockwaves on tooth mobility in orthodontic patients after active treatment.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-two adult patients were included in the study. Immediately after active orthodontic treatment, patients were assigned to a treatment or a placebo group based on block randomization.

Preliminary results of fixed, fiber-reinforced resin bridges on four 4- × 5-mm ultrashort implants in compromised bony sites: a pilot study.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of fixed, fiber-reinforced resin bridges on 4 ultrashort implants with a sufficient implant survival success rate of at least 90% in highly atrophic jaws.

Materials And Methods: A prospective temporal cohort study was designed, with the inclusion of 10 patients. Of the 10 patients, 8 had atrophic jaws (7 women, 1 man; mean age at implant placement 58.

Premolar transplantation in a patient with solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome.

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 11-year-old girl with solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome, a presumed microform of holoprosencephaly. Because both second premolars were missing in the maxilla, deciduous molar extraction and orthodontic space opening were performed, moving the solitary median maxillary central incisor electively off-center. A mandibular second premolar was transplanted to replace the missing incisor.

The effects of CO2 laser with or without nanohydroxyapatite paste in the occlusion of dentinal tubules.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a new treatment modality for the occlusion of dentinal tubules (DTs) via the combination of 10.6 µm carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and nanoparticle hydroxyapatite paste (n-HAp). Forty-six sound human molars were used in the current experiment.

Impact of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy on the stability of temporary anchorage devices in adults: a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: In this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we investigated the effect of noninvasive extracorporeal shock waves on the stability of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) under orthodontic loading.

Methods: Thirty adult orthodontic patients of the Bernhard Gottlieb University Clinic in Vienna, Austria, were enrolled in this clinical trial and allocated by block randomization (size, 4) in a 1:1 ratio to either the treatment or the placebo group. Randomization was performed with software, and the allocations were concealed in sealed envelopes.

Cytotoxicity of post and core composites as a function of environmental conditions.

Objectives: In the revised version of ISO 7405 there are so far no detailed recommendations concerning temperature and humidity during specimen production for light curing and chemically setting dental materials. The main objective of the present study was to observe if different environmental conditions during specimen production influence cytotoxicity and degree of conversion of four post and core composite materials and to investigate if cytotoxicity of post and core materials is influenced by their corresponding bonding substances.

Methods: Specimens of four different post and core composite materials (LuxaCore - Dual, Core X-Flow, Flow White and MultiCore Flow) were produced in a climate test chamber at 23°C/50% relative humidity or 37°C/95% relative humidity and were dual-cured or self-cured, with or without their corresponding bonding substances.