2D and 3D Classification Systems for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Clinical Implications and Technological Advances.

Classification systems for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) play an important role in guiding both surgical planning and conservative treatments. Traditional 2D classification systems, such as the Lenke, King and Lehnert-Schroth classifications, have been widely used for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis. However, with the growing understanding of the three-dimensional nature of scoliosis and advancements in 3D reconstruction technologies, 3D classification systems are gaining increasing attention.

Role of Cytokines in Predicting Early Major Bleeding in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Introduction: Anticoagulant therapy is critical for venous thromboembolism (VTE) management, though bleeding remains a major concern, ranging from mild to fatal events. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of cytokines for major bleeding in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: In this prospective, observational study, patients aged ≥ 18 years with acute PE were enrolled from April 2021 to September 2022 and followed for 30 days.

Anemonin suppresses sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B and activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a common acute and severe reason of death in the intensive care unit. Although the pathogenesis is complicated and multifactorial, elevated inflammation and oxidative stress are considered as fundamental mechanisms for the progression of ALI. Anemonin is a natural compound with diverse biological properties including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.

miR-199a-3p mitigates simulated microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling by targeting MEF2C.

Microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction present significant challenges to long-term spaceflight, highlighting the urgent need to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and develop precise countermeasures. Previous studies have outlined the important role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease progression, with miR-199a-3p playing a crucial role in myocardial injury repair and the maintenance of cardiac function. However, the specific role and expression pattern of miR-199a-3p in microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling remain unclear.

Impact of severe intra-abdominal adhesions on early maternal complications following cesarean delivery.

Objective: The rising rates of cesarean delivery (CD), which are a leading cause of intra-abdominal adhesions, represent a major concern for maternal health. We aimed to describe early maternal complications following CD in women with severe intra-abdominal adhesions.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a university-affiliated tertiary medical center (January 2021 and March 2023) in Israel.

Case report: Management of acute progressive hemothorax in pregnancy complicated by maternal pulmonary sequestration.

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare pulmonary malformation, typically characterized by asymptomatic presentation or recurrent pulmonary infections, with chest pain and hemothorax being exceedingly rare occurrences. The rupture and hemorrhage of maternal pulmonary sequestration during pregnancy pose a life-threatening condition that is challenging to diagnose. We present a case of a 37-year-old pregnant woman in her third trimester who presented with acute progressive hemothorax, a complication arising from maternal pulmonary sequestration.

New onset refractory status epilepticus: Long-term outcomes beyond seizures.

We propose and prioritize important outcome domains that should be considered for future research investigating long-term outcomes (LTO) after new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). The study was led by the international NORSE Institute LTO Working Group. First, literature describing the LTO of NORSE survivors was identified using a PubMed search and summarized to identify knowledge gaps.

A pharmacovigilance study on the safety of faricimab in real-world scenario using FDA adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Faricimab is predominantlyprescribed for conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD),diabetic macular edema (DME), and macular edema related to retinal veinocclusion (RVO-ME). Currently, a notable absence of large-scale, real-worldstudies focusing on the adverse reactions of faricimab exists.

Methods: Thisstudy assesses the side effects of faricimab by analyzing reports of adverseevents (AEs) from the FDA's AEReporting System (FAERS) database.

Abdominal wound dehiscence after appendectomy during pregnancy treated by negative pressure wound therapy with subsequent vaginal delivery: A case report and literature review.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a very effective method in the treatment of dehiscent, infected, and non-healing wounds. Difficult wound healing occurs especially in late pregnancy due to the rapid enlargement of the uterus and the constantly increasing tension of the entire abdominal wall. In cases of dehiscence of the surgical wound during pregnancy, proper subsequent treatment is needed, where it is necessary to consider the safety of the mother as well as the fetus.

A Prospective Study on Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Cardiovascular Functions in 12-Year-Old Endurance Athletes and Their Non-Endurance-Trained Peers.

The maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O) is typically higher in endurance-trained adolescents than in non-endurance-trained peers. However, the specific mechanisms contributing to this remain unclear, as well as the impact of training during this developmental stage. This study aims to compare V̇O and cardiovascular functions between 12-year-old endurance athletes and non-endurance-trained over a 14-month period.

Multiscale Engineered Bionic Solid-State Electrolytes Breaking the Stiffness-Damping Trade-Off.

All-solid-state lithium metal batteries are regarded as next-generation devices for energy storage due to their safety and high energy density. The issues of lithium dendrites and poor mechanical compatibility with electrodes present the need for developing solid-state electrolytes with high stiffness and damping, but it is a contradictory relationship. Here, inspired by the superstructure of tooth enamel, we develop a composite solid-state electrolyte composed of amorphous ceramic nanotube arrays intertwined with solid polymer electrolytes.

Comorbidity patterns and mortality in atrial fibrillation: a latent class analysis of the EURopean study of Older Subjects with Atrial Fibrillation (EUROSAF).

Background: Most older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have comorbidities. However, it is unclear whether specific comorbidity patterns are associated with adverse outcomes. We identified comorbidity patterns and their association with mortality in multimorbid older AF patients with different multidimensional frailty.

[Research progress on the diagnosis of pediatric heart failure].

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome and pediatric heart failure (PHF) has a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis is crucial for treatment and management of PHF. In clinical practice, various tests and examinations play a key role in the diagnosis of PHF, including continuously updated biomarkers, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

[Research advances in maturity-onset diabetes of the young].

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a special type of diabetes characterized by clinical features including early onset of diabetes (before 30 years of age), autosomal dominant inheritance, impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, and hyperglycemia. So far, 14 types of MODY have been reported, accounting for about 1%-5% of the patients with diabetes. MODY often presents with an insidious onset, and although 14 subtypes have been identified for MODY, it is frequently misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes due to overlapping clinical features and high costs and limitations of genetic testing.

[Prognosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia].

Children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) often exhibit severe respiratory problems and significant pulmonary dysfunction during school age and adulthood. Exercise tests show a decline in cardiopulmonary function and physical performance in children with BPD, who also have a higher incidence of pulmonary hypertension. These children generally perform poorly in terms of intelligence, language, and motor development.

[Clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 diagnosed in childhood].

Objectives: To study the clinical manifestations and genetic characteristics of children with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2), aiming to enhance the recognition of MODY2 in clinical practice.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 13 children diagnosed with MODY2 at the Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August 2017 to July 2023.

Results: All 13 MODY2 children had a positive family history of diabetes and were found to have mild fasting hyperglycemia [(6.

[Clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute erythroleukemia in children].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute erythroleukemia (AEL) in children.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data, treatment, and prognosis of 8 children with AEL treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to December 2023.

Results: Among the 7 patients with complete bone marrow morphological analysis, 4 exhibited trilineage dysplasia, with a 100% incidence of erythroid dysplasia (7/7), a 71% incidence of myeloid dysplasia (5/7), and a 57% incidence of megakaryocytic dysplasia (4/7).

[Expression of soluble factor-related apoptosis ligand in peripheral blood and microRNA-147b in monocytes in children with sepsis and their association with prognosis].

Objectives: To investigate the expression of soluble factor-related apoptosis ligand (sFasL) in peripheral blood and microRNA-147b (miR-147b) in monocytes in children with sepsis and their value in assessing prognosis.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 124 children with sepsis (sepsis group), 60 children with common infections (infection group), and 60 healthy children undergoing physical examinations (healthy control group). The independent risk factors for poor prognosis in children with sepsis were analyzed, and the value of serum sFasL and monocyte miR-147b in predicting poor prognosis in children with sepsis was assessed.

[Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up study of basal ganglia infarction after minor head trauma in infants and young children].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of infants and young children with basal ganglia infarction after minor head trauma (BGIMHT).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and follow-up results of children aged 28 days to 3 years with BGIMHT who were hospitalized at Children's Hospital of Soochow University from January 2011 to January 2022.

Results: A total of 45 cases of BGIMHT were included, with the most common symptom being limb movement disorders (96%, 43/45), followed by facioplegia (56%, 25/45).

[Risk factors for plastic bronchitis in children with macrolide-unresponsive pneumonia and establishment of a nomogram model].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for plastic bronchitis (PB) in children with macrolide-unresponsive pneumonia (MUMPP) and to establish a nomogram prediction model.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 178 children with MUMPP who underwent bronchoscopy from January to December 2023. According to the presence or absence of PB, the children were divided into a PB group (49 children) and a non-PB group (129 children).

[Clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in children with IgA vasculitis nephritis].

Objectives: To study the significance of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D] level in the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of children with immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children with IgAVN who underwent renal biopsy at Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Jinling Hospital of the Medical School of Nanjing University from June 2015 to June 2020. Based on serum 25-(OH)D level, the patients were divided into a normal group and a lower group.

[Clinical sub-phenotypes of acute kidney injury in children and their association with prognosis].

Objectives: To investigate the clinical sub-phenotype (SP) of pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) and their association with clinical outcomes.

Methods: General status and initial values of laboratory markers within 24 hours after admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were recorded for children with AKI in the derivation cohort (=650) and the validation cohort (=177). In the derivation cohort, a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to identify death-related indicators, and a two-step cluster analysis was employed to obtain the clinical SP of AKI.

[Disease burden of communicable diseases among children and adolescents aged under 20 years in China from 1990 to 2021].

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of communicable diseases among children and adolescents in China from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Database, epidemiological indicators for communicable diseases among the population aged under 20 years in China from 1990 to 2021 were selected to analyze the burden of communicable diseases in this population, and a comparative analysis was performed with global data as well as data from Western Europe and North America.

Results: In 1990-2021, the overall burden of communicable diseases tended to decrease among children and adolescents in China.

[Interpretation of "Expert recommendations for the prevention of common respiratory viral infections in neonates": problems faced by respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonates].

Neonates are susceptible to respiratory viral infections, with outbreaks reported in areas with a high population of neonates, such as postpartum care centers and neonatal wards. While specific antiviral drugs are currently available for influenza, symptomatic supportive treatment remains the primary approach for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), making prevention particularly important. The article closely follows the "Expert recommendations for the prevention of common respiratory viral infections in neonates" and provides an in-depth interpretation of recent breakthroughs in RSV prevention.

[Explanation and interpretation of blood transfusion provisions for children with hematological diseases in the national health standard "Guideline for pediatric transfusion"].

To guide clinical blood transfusion practices for pediatric patients, the National Health Commission has issued the health standard "Guideline for pediatric transfusion" (WS/T 795-2022). Blood transfusion is one of the most commonly used supportive treatments for children with hematological diseases. This guideline provides guidance and recommendations for blood transfusions in children with aplastic anemia, thalassemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.