Comprehensive management of congenital choanal atresia.

Objectives: To present results of a one-stage minimally invasive surgical procedure for congenital choanal atresia (CCA). Seven outcome measures were applied.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study conducted between 1999 and 2015.

Safety of MR Imaging at 1.5 T in Fetuses: A Retrospective Case-Control Study of Birth Weights and the Effects of Acoustic Noise.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of exposure to routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5 T during pregnancy on fetal growth and neonatal hearing function in relation to the dose and timing of in utero exposure in a group of newborns at low risk for congenital hearing impairment or deafness.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective case-control study was approved by the local ethics committee, and written informed consent was waived.

Apertura pyriformis stenosis in the newborn.

Apertura pyriformis stenosis in the newborn. Respiratory distress in the newborn can have a variety of aetiologies, the best known of which are cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Major nasal airway obstruction is probably often overlooked when acute desaturation of the neonate requires reanimation procedures, although it is well established that the baby is an obligate nose breather at birth.

Sudden infant deaths: stress, arousal and SIDS.

The prevalence of the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) has dropped in most countries following the development of education campaigns on the avoidance of preventable risk factors for SIDS. These include factors in the infant's micro environment, such as prenatal passive smoking, administration of sedative drugs, prone sleep, high ambient temperature or sleeping with the face covered. Sleep laboratory studies have shown that these risk conditions contribute to the development of respiratory and autonomic disorders and reduce the child's arousability.

Development of cardiopulmonary integration and the role of arousability from sleep.

The recent literature on cardiopulmonary integration in infants is surveyed here, focusing on arousals from sleep. Recent studies reported that the ontogenicity of cardiopulmonary integration cannot be evaluated independently from that of sleep-wake cycles. The issue is of importance for researchers and clinicians evaluating cardiorespiratory characteristics in infants.

Dieting: the results of a "user-friendly" programme.

635 obese children and adolescents were treated in a dietary programme. They all had an elevated body mass index (BMI) in excess of 130% of the P50 BMI for age. The daily food intake was calculated from a 3-day diary.