A novel stemness-related lncRNA signature predicts prognosis, immune infiltration and drug sensitivity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a prevalent urogenital malignancy characterized by heterogeneous patterns. Stemness is a pivotal factor in tumor progression, recurrence, and metastasis. Nevertheless, the impact of stemness-related long non-coding RNAs (SRlncRNAs) on the prognosis of ccRCC remains elusive.

Clinical characteristics of acquired anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) are characterized by susceptibility to disseminated infection by multiple pathogens. The clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection with AIGAs positivity remain unclear.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024.

The prealbumin-CD19 index predicts surgical survival in patients with GC.

Objective: This study aimed to establish a prealbumin (PALB)-CD19 index that combines nutritional and immune statuses to comprehensively evaluate the prognosis of GC patients undergoing surgery.

Methods: A total of 389 patients who were diagnosed with GC and who underwent surgical procedures at our institution between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in this study. Among them, 97 patients underwent subtotal gastrectomy, 271 underwent total gastrectomy, and 21 underwent palliative resection.

Safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of HA121-28 in patients with advanced solid tumors and RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter, open-label, single-arm phase 1/2 trial.

HA121-28, a promising multikinase inhibitor, mainly targets rearranged during transfection (RET) fusions and selectively targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, endothelial growth factor receptor, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-3. The safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of HA121-28 were assessed in advanced solid tumors (phase 1, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03994484) and advanced RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (RET-TKI naive NSCLC, phase 2, ClinicalTrials.

The Mediating Effect of Emotional Regulation between Stress and Compassion Fatigue of Oncology Nurses.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate oncology nurses' compassion fatigue (CF) and whether emotional regulation mediates between stress load and CF.

Methods: Using convenience sampling, data of this cross-sectional study were collected from 471 oncology nurses from a cancer hospital. Self-administered questionnaires included socio-demographic factors, the Stress Overload Scale, the Nurse Emotional Management Scale, and the Chinese version of the Professional Quality of Life scale.

Increased ocular plasma cells induce damaging α-synuclein microglia in autoimmune uveitis.

Autoimmune uveitis (AIU) is an immune-inflammatory disease that can lead to blindness. However, incomplete understanding of the involved immune cell subsets and their contributions to retinal injury has hindered the development of effective AIU therapies. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence, we identified α-synuclein microglia as the primary subset of damaged ocular cells in the eyes of the experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) mouse model.

Case Report of a Primary Sinonasal Renal Cell-Like Adenocarcinoma With Gene Rearrangement in a 13-Year-Old Male.

Background: Sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma (SNRCLA) is a rare, low-grade malignant neoplasm originating in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. This report provides a detailed account of the clinical and pathological characteristics of a single case of SNRCLA, highlights its differential diagnosis, and includes a review of relevant literature.

Case Description: A 13-year-old male presented with a mass in the right nasal cavity.

Multi-omics analysis reveals associations between gut microbiota and host transcriptome in colon cancer patients.

Unlabelled: Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most common cancers globally, which is associated with the gut microbiota intimately. In current research, exploring the complex interaction between microbiomes and CC is a hotspot. However, the information on microbiomes in most previous studies is based on fecal, which does not fully display the microbial environment of CC.

CK2B Induces CD8 T-Cell Exhaustion through HDAC8-Mediated Epigenetic Reprogramming to Limit the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Anti-PD-1 therapy has left an indelible mark in the field of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment; however, its efficacy is limited in clinical practice owing to differences in the degree of effector T-cell exhaustion. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a protein kinase that plays an important role in T-cell immunity. In this study, it is aimed to explore the potential of targeting CK2 and its regulatory subunit CK2B to prevent or reverse T-cell exhaustion, thereby enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in NSCLC.

Normalcy of Swallowing in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Particle Therapy Supported by Combined Swallowing Training and Feeding Management: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: As a common complication following particle therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC), dysphagia poses significant risks and adverse outcomes for patients. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of an evidence-based combined regimen of feeding management and swallowing training on improving swallowing function, swallowing-related quality of life and nutritional status in patients with dysphagia.

Methods: We conducted a randomised parallel-controlled trial at the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center from March 2023 to October 2023.

An open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial of bireociclib as monotherapy for heavily pretreated HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients: BRIGHT-1 trial.

Background: Bireociclib (XZP-3287) is a novel selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, with a favorable safety profile demonstrated in preclinical and phase I studies. BRIGHT-1 aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety of bireociclib monotherapy in patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic, hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR/HER2) breast cancer who had progressed on or after prior chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in advanced settings, without previous exposure to CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Methods: In this open-label phase II trial, eligible patients received bireociclib 480 mg twice daily (BID) until disease progression or intolerable toxicities.

Prognostic value of the lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with the first-line PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio (LAR) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with first-line programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on advanced NSCLC patients treated with first-line PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy at Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined the optimal LAR cutoff values for prediction.

Immunoproteasome subunits are novel signatures for predicting efficacy of immunotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Background: How to select muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients who are sensitive to immunotherapy is an unmet medical need. This study aimed to explore the role of immunoproteasome subunits as a novel signature for predicting efficacy of immunotherapy in MIBC.

Methods: The expression profile of immunoproteasome subunits of MIBC and normal tissues was evaluated from data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and of the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital (CQUCH) cohort.

NTRK rearranged spindle cell neoplasm of the uterine cervix: a rare case report and literature review.

Background: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) rearranged spindle cell neoplasm is an emerging group of molecularly defined rare soft tissue tumors, often presenting with a monotonous spindle cell morphology, infiltrative growth, and co-expression of S-100 and CD34 proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Accurate diagnosis necessitates the combination of morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular test results, with next-generation sequencing (NGS) as the gold standard. We present a rare case of NTRK rearranged spindle cell neoplasm of the uterine cervix and review the literature to highlight the current understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease.

Genome-coverage single-cell histone modifications for embryo lineage tracing.

Substantial epigenetic resetting during early embryo development from fertilization to blastocyst formation ensures zygotic genome activation and leads to progressive cellular heterogeneities. Mapping single-cell epigenomic profiles of core histone modifications that cover each individual cell is a fundamental goal in developmental biology. Here we develop target chromatin indexing and tagmentation (TACIT), a method that enabled genome-coverage single-cell profiling of seven histone modifications across mouse early embryos.

Sialylated IgG-activated integrin β4-Src-Erk axis stabilizes c-Myc in a p300 lysine acetyltransferase-dependent manner to promote colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Background: Liver metastasis is a leading cause of colorectal cancer mortality. Therefore, the underlying mechanism and potential therapeutic target of colorectal cancer liver metastasis urge to be found. Mounting evidence indicates that cancer-derived sialylated IgG promotes tumor formation and progression.

CTHRC1 expresses in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is associated with resistance to anti-androgen therapy in prostate cancer.

Background: CTHRC1 overexpresses in prostate cancer and is associated with the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells. However, the roles and mechanisms of CTHRC1 expression in prostate cancer prognosis and treatment outcomes remain unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the expression and gene function of CTHRC1 in prostate cancer, investigate the prognostic value and potential effect in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Efficacy and toxicity of stereotactic radiotherapy combined with third-generation EGFR-TKIs and immunotherapy in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is fast gaining attention as a preferred treatment alternative for patients with brain metastases (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety of combining SRT with immunotherapy (IT) and targeted therapy (TT), either separately or concurrently with the aim to formulate an optimal therapeutic regimen for patients with NSCLC BM.

Methods: The combination therapy were comprised of IT and TT agents.

Ultrasound-activated nano-oxygen sensitizer for sonodynamic-radiotherapy of esophageal cancer.

: owing to the intricate nature, variability, and persistent oxygen-deficient environment associated with esophageal cancer (EC) tissues, radiotherapy (RT) sometimes doesn't work as well because some cancer cells can resist the radiation to a certain extent. This can lead to the cancer coming back in the same spot or even making the treatment ineffective. The integration of RT with oxygenation strategies is a common approach in cancer treatment.

Reducing PDK4 level constitutes a pivotal mechanism for glucocorticoids to impede osteoblastic differentiation through the enhancement of ferroptosis in mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: This study mainly explores the possible role and mechanism of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in the onset and development of Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), and seeks potential targets for the treatment of GIOP.

Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were treated with osteogenic induction medium. An in vitro osteogenic damage model was established by exposing MSCs to a high concentration (10 M) of dexamethasone (DEX).

Targeting RECQL4 in hepatocellular carcinoma: from prognosis to therapeutic potential.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical utility of RecQ Like Helicase 4 (RECQL4) as a prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and investigate its associations with various biological processes, angiogenesis-related factors, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and drug sensitivity.

Methods: RECQL4 expression was analyzed across a range of cancer types utilizing data from the TCGA database. Disparities in RECQL4 expression levels between normal and malignant tissues were evaluated, alongside an analysis of progression-free interval (PFI), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) curves.