Establishment and application of a rapid method for the determination of both total and unbound anlotinib concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The unbound concentration of anlotinib is closely associated with its therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions. In this study, we established an accurate and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the detection of total and unbound concentrations of anlotinib, which was subsequently applied to clinical samples. The separation of unbound and protein-bound anlotinib was achieved through filtration-ultrafiltration (CF-UF).

Comparative proteomic analysis of the telogen-to-anagen transition in cashmere goat secondary hair follicles.

Secondary hair follicles (SHFs) in cashmere goats produce high-value cashmere fibers, which cyclic regulation is critical for optimizing cashmere yield and quality. This study explores the phenotypic changes and differential protein expression profiles involved in the telogen-to-anagen transition of SHFs. Through histological observations, proteomic analyses, and immunohistochemical validation, we identified key molecular features and regulatory pathways underlying SHF cyclic renewal.

A comprehensive analysis of the prognostic value, expression characteristics and immune correlation of MKI67 in cancers.

Background: nuclear-associated antigen Ki67 (Ki67) emerges as a clinically practical biomarker for proliferation assessment among many cancer types. However, the definite prognostic value of Ki67 against a specific cancer type has remained vague. This study aims to perform a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of the prognosis value of Ki67 across various cancer types.

Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of cancer of unknown primary.

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a diagnosis that the primary lesion cannot be confirmed by a series of imaging, endoscopic and pathological examinations. The present study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with CUP. The present retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with malignancies confirmed as CUP using histopathology at the Oncology Department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Shijiazhuang, China) from January 2009 to January 2021.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare spindle-cell neoplasm. IMT currently suffers from a paucity of standardized diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. The Chinese expert consensus committee on the diagnosis and treatment of IMT formed an "Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor".

RBM10 deficiency promotes brain metastasis by modulating sphingolipid metabolism in a BBB model of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Brain metastasis significantly contributes to the failure of targeted therapy in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Reduced expression of RNA-binding motif protein 10 (RBM10) is associated with brain metastasis in these patients. However, the mechanism by which RBM10 affects brain metastasis in EGFR-mutated LUAD remains unclear.

Efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion gastrointestinal cancer.

Background: Larotrectinib is the first-in-class, highly selective TRK inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in various TRK fusion solid tumours. We report the efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.

Methods: Patients with TRK fusion GI cancer from NAVIGATE (NCT02576431) were included.

Survival benefits of postoperative radiotherapy in esophageal cancer during the immunotherapy era:a retrospective cohort study based on the SEER database and a single-center registry in China.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival benefits of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with resectable esophageal cancer (EC) after neoadjuvant therapy in the Immunotherapy era.

Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study, which included a total of 733 patients with EC from the SEER database and a single-center cohort. We used propensity score matching (PSM) to equilibrate patient characteristics.

Integrative metabolomics and microbiomics analysis reveals distinctive microbiota-metabolites interactions in gastric carcinogenesis.

Gastric microbiota and metabolites may interact and play collaborative roles in the carcinogenesis process. This study aims to investigate differential metabolites and microbes, as well as the possible roles of microbe-metabolite interactions in gastric cancer (GC) development. Targeted metabolomics assays and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed to compare metabolic and microbial profiles in gastric tissues from subjects with superficial gastritis/chronic atrophic gastritis (SG/CAG), intestinal metaplasia/low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (IM/LGIN) and GC.

Comparative safety signals of dopamine agonists: psychiatric and cardiovascular risks derived from FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) data.

Background: Dopamine receptor agonists (DAs) are widely used as first-line therapeutic agents for Parkinson's disease. However, comparative clinical trials assessing their safety profiles are limited. This study aims to compare adverse event (AE) data across various DAs to inform personalized treatment strategies.

Competitive antagonism of KAT7 crotonylation against acetylation affects procentriole formation and colorectal tumorigenesis.

Accurate procentriole formation is critical for centriole duplication. However, the holistic transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. Here, we show that KAT7 crotonylation, facilitated by the crotonyltransferase hMOF, competes against its acetylation regulated by the deacetylase HDAC2 at the K432 residue upon DNA damage stimulation.

Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Superficial Organs and Peripheral Vessels Committee Expert Consensus on Selected Common Clinical Issues in Parathyroid Ultrasound (2024 Edition).

Parathyroid ultrasound is widely used in clinical practice and plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid diseases. Nevertheless, ultrasound physicians frequently encounter a number of challenges and doubts in their professional practice. For this reason, Superficial Organs and Peripheral Vessels Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering has formulated the expert consensus on certain common clinical problems of parathyroid ultrasound based on the current research progress and clinical experience, in order to guide the clinical practice.

Spatial-Temporal Diversity of Extrachromosomal DNA Shapes Urothelial Carcinoma Evolution and Tumor-Immune Microenvironment.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a promising target for cancer therapy; however, its spatial-temporal diversity and influence on tumor evolution and the immune microenvironment remain largely unclear. We apply computational methods to analyze ecDNA from whole-genome sequencing data of 595 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients. We demonstrate that ecDNA drives clonal evolution through structural rearrangements during malignant transformation and recurrence of UC.

Risk factors associated with immune-related severe adverse events in patients with cancer: A scoping review.

Objective: Increasing reports of immune-related severe adverse events (ir-SAEs) among patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have raised significant concerns regarding patient safety. Although considerable research has addressed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), the risk factors specifically associated with ir-SAEs remain less well defined. This study aims to identify and synthesize the risk factors contributing to ir-SAEs in patients with cancer.

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Enhance Procoagulant Activity and Predict Poor Prognosis in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Objective: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are associated with poor prognosis and an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This study aims to determine whether NETs promote hypercoagulability and if NETs and plasma hypercoagulability markers are biomarkers of survival in MBC.

Methods: Circulating levels of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) markers and hypercoagulability markers (TAT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer) were assessed in 112 MBC patients before treatment, compared to 55 healthy controls.

Lymph node metastatic patterns of gastric carcinoma with a combination of adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma components.

Background: Gastric mixed-adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (G-MANEC) is a subtype of gastric cancer. Building upon prior research findings, we propose that tumours containing both neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) components, with each component ranging from 1% to 99% of the tumour, be classified as a distinct entity. We hereby term this adenoneuroendocrine mixed gastric cancer (G-ANEC).

IFIT3: a crucial mediator in innate immunity and tumor progression with therapeutic implications.

Interferon-Induced Protein with Tetratricopeptide Repeats 3 (IFIT3) plays a dual role in innate immunity and tumor immunity, functioning as both a viral defense molecule and a regulator of tumor progression. This review explores the mechanisms through which IFIT3 modulates immune responses, including interferon signaling, RIG-I-like receptors, and the NF-κB pathway. IFIT3 facilitates immune evasion and promotes inflammation-mediated tumor growth by regulating immune checkpoints and the tumor microenvironment, its emerging role as a target for cancer immunotherapy opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies.

Causes of death in locally advanced esophageal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To compare the causes of death in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with stage T3-4aN0M0/T1-4aN1-3 M0 esophageal cancer who underwent either neoadjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. Overall survival (OS) and specific causes of death were analyzed and compared between the two treatment groups.

Progress and Application of Multifunctional Ultrasound Theranostic Agents.

Ultrasound is an indispensable technology in the biomedical field. With the continuous integration and development of ultrasound medical technology, its potential application value in disease diagnosis and treatment has become increasingly prominent. As the technical core, novel multifunctional ultrasound theranostic agents have been the main focus of research.

Intermuscular adipose tissue affected muscle density more than intramuscular adipose tissue content with opportunistic screening at abdominal CT.

This study aimed to determine whether intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) or intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) has a greater effect on skeletal muscle density (SMD) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. We recruited 292 inpatients without musculoskeletal system disease, all of whom underwent abdominal CT. Muscle parameters, including skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle index (SMI), SMD, IMAC, and IMAT, as well as fat parameters-subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and subcutaneous fat density (SFD) in the abdominal wall-were measured by two musculoskeletal radiologists using ImageJ software at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level.

Association and interaction between resilience and psychological distress in disabled elderly-caregiver dyads: An actor-partner interdependence model.

Objectives: This study examined the association and interaction between resilience and psychological distress in disabled elderly-caregiver dyads.

Methods: A total of 246 disabled elderly individuals and their family caregivers were studied using the Resilience Scale and the Distress Thermometer and Problem List. The data analysis employed the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) method based on structural equation modelling.

Ivonescimab versus pembrolizumab for PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-2): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study in China.

Background: Ivonescimab is a bispecific antibody against programmed cell death protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor, yielding promising clinical outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in early-phase studies. We compared the efficacy and safety of ivonescimab with pembrolizumab in patients with programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: HARMONi-2 is a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial across 55 hospitals in China.

Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients and Their Family Caregivers: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model Analysis.

Objective: Studies report a negative impact of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) on health outcomes, but evidence from patient-caregiver dyads is scarce. This study aimed to simultaneously examine the independent and interdependent impact of SPS on quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients and their family caregivers.

Methods: In this two-stage random sampling cross-sectional study, we conducted a dyadic analysis of data collected from cancer patients and their family caregivers in southwest China.

A method of matching nodes between MRI and pathology with MRI-based 3D node map in rectal cancer.

Purpose: To propose a node-by-node matching method between MRI and pathology with 3D node maps based on preoperative MRI for rectal cancer patients to improve the yet unsatisfactory diagnostic performance of nodal status in rectal cancer.

Methods: This methodological study prospectively enrolled consecutive participants with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative MRI and radical surgery from December 2021 to August 2023. All nodes with short-axis diameters of ≥ 3 mm within the mesorectum were regarded as target nodes and were localized in three directions based on the positional relationship on MRI and drawn on a node map with the primary tumor as the main reference, which was used as a template for node-by-node matching with pathological evaluation.