Nitrogen Acquisition and Transport in the Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis-Insights from the Interaction between an Oak Tree and .

In temperate forests, the roots of various tree species are colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi, which have a key role in the nitrogen nutrition of their hosts. However, not much is known about the molecular mechanisms related to nitrogen metabolism in ectomycorrhizal plants. This study aimed to evaluate the nitrogen metabolic response of oak plants when inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius.

Endotracheal tube biofilm in critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic : description of an underestimated microbiological compartment.

Biofilm (BF) growth is believed to play a major role in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the intensive care unit. Despite concerted efforts to understand the potential implication of endotracheal tube (ETT)-BF dispersal, clinically relevant data are lacking to better characterize the impact of its mesostructure and microbiological singularity on the occurrence of VAP. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective observational study during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, between March and May 2021.

The Role of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Inflammation in the Development of T2DM-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy: Possible Preventive Action of Tannins and Other Oligomeric Polyphenols.

Diabetic nephropathy is manifested in more than 10% of people with diabetes. It is a common cause of kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease. Understanding of mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of diabetes-induced kidney injuries will allow for the development of more effective methods of prevention and treatment of the disease.

Associating Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapies: Facts and Hopes.

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), particularly inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 (Programmed Death 1/Programmed Death-Ligand 1) axis, have modified the management of many types of cancer over the last 10 years. However, both intrinsic and acquired resistance are major clinical issues with these therapies, and only a few patients are cured by ICI monotherapy. To overcome resistance, the concept of combining ICIs with other therapies is emerging and supported by many preclinical trials.

Tumor Immunogenic Cell Death as a Mediator of Intratumor CD8 T-Cell Recruitment.

The success of anticancer treatments relies on a long-term response which can be mediated by the immune system. Thus, the concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) describes the capacity of dying cancer cells, under chemotherapy or physical stress, to express or release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs are essential to activate dendritic cells (DCs) and to stimulate an antigen presentation to CD8 cytotoxic cells.

Oxiapoptophagy in Age-Related Diseases. Comment on Ouyang et al. 7-Ketocholesterol Induces Oxiapoptophagy and Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells. 2022, , 2882.

Due to the increase in life span and life expectancy, which can, however, be more or less pronounced depending on the economic, social and cultural context [...

Suspected neurodevelopmental disorders in adult patients of memory clinics: Start at the beginning. GREDEV proposals for clinical practice.

Neurodevelopmental disorders are frequent but underestimated in adult populations, even though the cognitive profile of those affected remains atypical throughout adulthood and the disorders can cause significant impairment in activities of daily living. Retrospective diagnosis in this population is challenging. In this article, the GREDEV (working group for the assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in adults) proposes a brief screening questionnaire for patients with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders, a checklist to facilitate taking the patient history, a list of self-administered questionnaires, and the different key steps of diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders in adults.

Daily practices in chemotherapy for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: METESTOMAC French prospective cohort.

Background: Around 50% of gastric cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Several chemotherapy regimens are now internationally validated. Few data are available on the routine daily management of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers.

Resolution therapy: Harnessing efferocytic macrophages to trigger the resolution of inflammation.

Several chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with non-resolving inflammation. Conventional anti-inflammatory drugs fail to completely cure these diseases. Resolution pharmacology is a new therapeutic approach based on the use of pro-resolving mediators that accelerate the resolution phase of inflammation by targeting the productive phase of inflammation.

Trade-Off between COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention and Control and Economic Stimulus.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a severe threat to public health and economic activity. Governments all around the world have taken positive measures to, on the one hand, contain the epidemic spread and, on the other hand, stimulate the economy. Without question, tightened anti-epidemic policy measures restrain people's mobility and deteriorate the levels of social and economic activity.

Questions about Residual Cell Viability in Cryopreserved Human Amniotic Membrane and Its Impact on Clinical Applications.

We questioned the relevance of evaluating residual cell viability in human amniotic membrane (hAM) after its cryopreservation since cell survival is controversial and its ability to act as a matrix (including the presence of growth factors and cytokines) appears to be most important for tissue regeneration purposes. We also discussed the usefulness of osteodifferentiating amniotic cells in whole hAM for bone repair applications. We have evidence that determining residual cell viability after cryopreservation and hAM osteodifferentiation is not justified.

Managing in the new normal: Positive management practices elicit higher goal attainment, goal commitment, and perceived task efficacy than traditional management practices in remote work settings. An experimental study.

The COVID-19 global pandemic will likely change how organizations conduct business. For example, a white paper from McKinsey claims that flexible and remote work arrangements (e.g.

General consensus on multimodal functions and validation analysis of perinatal derivatives for regenerative medicine applications.

Perinatal tissues, such as placenta and umbilical cord contain a variety of somatic stem cell types, spanning from the largely used hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to the most recently described broadly multipotent epithelial and stromal cells. As perinatal derivatives (PnD), several of these cell types and related products provide an interesting regenerative potential for a variety of diseases. Within COST SPRINT Action, we continue our review series, revising and summarizing the modalities of action and proposed medical approaches using PnD products: cells, secretome, extracellular vesicles, and decellularized tissues.

Functionalization of Internal Resonance in Magnetically Coupled Resonators for Highly Efficient and Wideband Hybrid Vibration Energy Harvesting.

The functionalization of internal resonance (IR) is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated on a nonlinear hybrid vibration energy harvester (HVEH) based on piezoelectric (PE) and electromagnetic (EM) transductions. This nonlinear phenomenon is tuned by adjusting the gaps between the moving magnets of the structure, enabling 1:1 and 2:1 IR. The experimental results prove that the activation of 2:1 IR with a realistic excitation amplitude allows the improvement of both the frequency bandwidth (BW) and the harvested power (HP) by 300% and 100%, respectively compared to the case away from IR.

Protective Effect of Nopal Cactus () Seed Oil against Short-Term Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammation and Peroxisomal Functions Dysregulation in Mouse Brain and Liver.

Exposure to endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) may lead to a potent inflammatory cytokine response and a severe impairment of metabolism, causing tissue injury. The protective effect provided by cactus seed oil (CSO), from , was evaluated against LPS-induced inflammation, dysregulation of peroxisomal antioxidant, and β-oxidation activities in the brain and the liver. In both tissues, a short-term LPS exposure increased the proinflammatory interleukine-1 (), inducible Nitroxide synthase (, and Interleukine-6 ().

Physiological Implication of Slope Gradient during Incremental Running Test.

Uphill running induces a higher physiological demand than level conditions. Although many studies have investigated this locomotion from a psychological point of view, there is no clear position on the effects of the slope on the physiological variables during an incremental running test performed on a slope condition. The existing studies have heterogeneous designs with different populations or slopes and have reported unclear results.

Spontaneous Prophage Induction Contributes to the Production of Membrane Vesicles by the Gram-Positive Bacterium BL23.

The formation of membrane vesicles (MVs) by Gram-positive bacteria has gained increasing attention over the last decade. Recently, models of vesicle formation have been proposed and involve the digestion of the cell wall by prophage-encoded or stress-induced peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases and the inhibition of PG synthesis by β-lactam antibiotics. The impact of these mechanisms on vesicle formation is largely dependent on the strain and growth conditions.

The ATG8 Family Proteins GABARAP and GABARAPL1 Target Antigen to Dendritic Cells to Prime CD4 and CD8 T Cells.

Vaccine therapy is a promising method of research to promote T cell immune response and to develop novel antitumor immunotherapy protocols. Accumulating evidence has shown that autophagy is involved in antigen processing and presentation to T cells. In this work, we investigated the potential role of GABARAP and GABARAPL1, two members of the autophagic ATG8 family proteins, as surrogate tumor antigen delivery vectors to prime antitumor T cells.

Lipid metabolism and retinal diseases.

Purpose: The retina has enormous lipids demands and must meet those needs. Retinal lipid homeostasis appears to be based on the symbiosis between neurons, Müller glial cells (MGC), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, which can be impacted in several retinal diseases. The current research challenge is to better understand lipid-related mechanisms involved in retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma.

[Markers of severity and predictors of response to treatment in severe asthma].

Asthma is a multifactorial disease with complex pathophysiology. Knowledge of its immunopathology and inflammatory mechanisms is progressing and has led to the development over recent years of increasingly targeted therapeutic strategies. The objective of this review is to pinpoint the different predictive markers of asthma severity and therapeutic response.

Assessing the effects of β-triketone herbicides on HPPD from environmental bacteria using a combination of in silico and microbiological approaches.

4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is the molecular target of β-triketone herbicides in plants. This enzyme, involved in the tyrosine pathway, is also present in a wide range of living organisms, including microorganisms. Previous studies, focusing on a few strains and using high herbicide concentrations, showed that β-triketones are able to inhibit microbial HPPD.

Development of a biomimetic bioreactor for regenerative endodontics research.

In the context of regenerative endodontics research with the development of biomaterials, this work aimed to develop and test a prototype biomimetic bioreactor of a human tooth. The bioreactor was designed to reproduce a shaped dental canal connected with a cavity reproducing the periapical region and irrigated through two fluidic channels intended to reproduce the apical residual vascular supply. A test biomaterial composed of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone-tannic acid (PLA/PCL-TA) was produced by electrospinning/electrospraying and calibrated to be inserted in a dental canal.

Conservative management versus systematic suture of isolated vaginal or first-degree perineal tears after delivery: A preliminary randomized efficacy trial.

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of conservative management compared with systematic suture in isolated vaginal or first-degree perineal tears after birth.

Methods: We conducted a preliminary efficacy, open-label, randomized, controlled, and prospective trial. This study implemented Simon's 2-step plan (interim analysis and final analysis) to test the success rate of the digital compression strategy group.