Periodically correlated time series and the Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap.

This research introduces a novel approach to resampling periodically correlated time series using bandpass filters for frequency separation called the Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap and then examines the significant advantages of this new method. While bootstrapping allows estimation of a statistic's sampling distribution by resampling the original data with replacement, and block bootstrapping is a model-free resampling strategy for correlated time series data, both fail to preserve correlations in periodically correlated time series. Existing extensions of the block bootstrap help preserve the correlation structures of periodically correlated processes but suffer from flaws and inefficiencies.

Factors Associated With Recurrent Pediatric Firearm Injury : A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death among children aged 0 to 17 years in the United States.

Objective: To examine the factors associated with recurrent firearm injury among children who presented with acute (index) nonfatal firearm injury in the St. Louis region.

Long-term contributions of VOC sources and their link to ozone pollution in Bronx, New York City.

Changes in energy and environmental policies along with changes in the energy markets of New York State over the past two decades, have spurred interest in evaluating their impacts on emissions from various energy generation sectors. This study focused on quantifying these effects on VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions and their subsequent impacts on air quality within the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area. NYC is an EPA nonattainment region for ozone (O) and likely is a VOC limited region.

Association of cardiovascular disease risk with liver steatosis and fibrosis in people with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and liver steatosis and fibrosis among people with HIV (PLWH) at least 40 years of age on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Design: We used cross-sectional behavioral and clinical data collected during study enrollment visits in 2020-2022 for the Sentinel Research Network of International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (SRN of IeDEA).

Methods: Ten-year CVD risk was calculated using 2019 WHO nonlaboratory and laboratory models.

A census tract-level assessment of social determinants of health, traffic exposure, and asthma exacerbations in New York State's Medicaid Population (2005-2015).

This study aims to evaluate the association between social determinants, environmental exposure metrics, and the risk of asthma emergency department (ED) visits in the New York State (NYS) Medicaid population using small-area analysis. Traffic densities for each census tract in NYS were calculated using the length of road segments within each tract and total area of the tract to produce a measure of average number of vehicles per square meter per day. Data on social determinants of health including internal and external environments and other demographic factors were obtained from various sources.

How Frequently Is Ultrasound Required to Diagnose Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Clinical Population?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition, affecting up to 20% of reproductive aged women worldwide. Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) may be present, but is not required for diagnosis. Our study seeks to evaluate the utility of ultrasound in diagnosing or excluding PCOS by 2023 International Guidelines Criteria.

A unique trimeric triphenylene radical cation: stacking aggregation, bonding, and stability.

A new and unique π-stacking triphenylene trimer cation radical unit appears in the crystal structure of a newly synthesized salt with an oligomeric gallium(iii) chloride, [(CH)]˙(GaCl), which is the first triphenylene aggregate observed. The structure is attributed to a shared electron distributed over the trimer displaying π-stacking pancake bonding. Computational modeling rationalizes the appearance of a "chain-shaped" rather than a "star-shaped" gallium chloride anion as well as the reasons why the trimer, rather than a radical cation aggregate of different size, is preferred in this system.

COVID-19 immunization status in children compared to their parents: a retrospective review at an upstate NY medicine/pediatrics practice.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parent and child COVID-19 immunization series completion using vaccine records.

Methods: A cross-sectional chart review was performed on parent and child patients at the Albany Medical Center Internal Medicine and Pediatrics practice. Patient and parent demographic data, COVID-19 immunization status, and health care worker status was collected.

Temporal modeling of nitrogen dioxide levels on Main Street, East Los Angeles: Estimating annual periodic components using the Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap.

In this study we assess periodicities in nitrogen dioxide levels at a location in Los Angeles using a novel Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap (VBPBB) method resulting in confidence interval bands for the periodic mean. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an air pollutant primarily produced by the combustion of fossil fuels by power plants and vehicles with internal combustion engines which has been linked with a variety of adverse health outcomes including dementia, breast cancer, decreased cognitive function, increased susceptibility to Covid-19, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. Previous analysis methods such as block bootstrapping can obscure periodically correlated patterns in time series.

Structure of a Human Monoclonal Antibody in Complex with Outer Surface Protein C of the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borreliella burgdorferi.

Lyme disease is a tick-borne, multisystem infection caused by the spirochete Borreliella burgdorferi. Although Abs have been implicated in the resolution of Lyme disease, the specific B cell epitopes targeted during human infections remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized and defined the structural epitope of a patient-derived bactericidal monoclonal IgG (B11) against outer surface protein C (OspC), a homodimeric lipoprotein necessary for B.

A Comparison of Active and Passive Surveillance Strategies for Selected Birth Defects in New York.

Background: The New York State Birth Defects Registry (BDR) has passive and active components. As part of statewide passive ascertainment, the BDR receives reports of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes and descriptive narratives on a wide range of birth defects. The BDR conducts enhanced active surveillance for selected birth defects in 14 counties, which includes medical record abstraction and clinician review.

Long-term persistence of diverse clones shapes the transmission landscape of invasive Listeria monocytogenes.

Background: The foodborne bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) causes a range of diseases, from mild gastroenteritis to invasive infections that have high fatality rate in vulnerable individuals. Understanding the population genomic structure of invasive Lm is critical to informing public health interventions and infection control policies that will be most effective especially in local and regional communities.

Methods: We sequenced the whole draft genomes of 936 Lm isolates from human clinical samples obtained in a two-decade active surveillance program across 58 counties in New York State, USA.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Direct Sequencing of tRNAs De Novo and Quantitative Mapping of Multiple RNA Modifications.

Despite the extensive use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA, simultaneous direct sequencing and quantitative mapping of multiple RNA nucleotide modifications remains challenging. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based sequencing can directly sequence all RNA modifications without being limited to specific ones, but it requires a perfect MS ladder that few tRNAs can provide. Here, we describe an MS ladder complementation sequencing approach (MLC-Seq) that circumvents the perfect ladder requirement, allowing de novo MS sequencing of full-length heterogeneous cellular tRNAs with multiple nucleotide modifications at single-nucleotide precision.

Re-examination of the Claimed Isolation of Stable Noncyclic 1,2-Disulfoxides.

Re-examination of the claimed isolation and X-ray characterization of di--tolyl and dimesityl 1,2-disulfoxides from thermolysis of the corresponding aryl sulfinimines and thiosulfinates showed that the isolated disulfide dioxides are instead the well-known isomeric thiosulfonates, as confirmed by XAS, DART-MS, X-ray, IR and NMR methods. Concerns with the original X-ray structures are addressed. Our results agree with the DFT prediction of very weak diaryl 1,2-disulfoxide S-S bond dissociation enthalpies.

Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Timing of Puberty in Norwegian Boys: Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental contaminants with endocrine-disruptive properties. Their impact on puberty in boys is unclear. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between PFAS exposure and pubertal timing in 300 Norwegian boys (9-16 years), enrolled in the Bergen Growth Study 2 during 2016.

Phenotypic profiling based on body fluid traces discovered at the scene of crime: Raman spectroscopy of urine stains for race differentiation.

Modern criminal investigations heavily rely on trace bodily fluid evidence as a rich source of DNA. DNA profiling of such evidence can result in the identification of an individual if a matching DNA profile is available. Alternatively, phenotypic profiling based on the analysis of body fluid traces can significantly narrow down the pool of suspects in a criminal investigation.

Trajectories of maternal parenting stress and adolescent behavioral symptoms in unmarried families: The role of family immigration status.

Background: Maternal parenting stress during childhood may have important influences on offspring internalizing and externalizing behaviors during adolescence in unmarried households, but it is unclear whether effects differ across different trajectory patterns of maternal parenting stress and for native-born vs. immigrant families.

Methods: Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we identified trajectory patterns of maternal parenting stress from ages 1-9 years using semi-parametric group-based trajectory modeling.

Heterogeneous effects of return migration on children's mental health and cognitive outcomes.

As a neglected group, the number of return migrant children is growing with China's monumental volume of labor migration. Using data from 2013 to 2014 China Education Panel Survey, this study examines heterogeneous effects of return migration on children's mental health and cognitive outcomes. Our results show that the effects of return migration on children vary with the propensity for return migration.

Assessing the influence of nursing home size and care models on COVID-19 case and mortality rates.

Introduction: This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on older adults in traditional nursing homes, Green Houses (GHs), and Continuing Care Retirement Communities-Nursing Homes (CCRCNHs).

Methods: COVID-19 cases and deaths from CMS and LTCFocus data across 11 states from 6/2020 to 9/2022 were used, and Poisson regressions to compare care settings while adjusting for covariates.

Results: CCRCNH and GH residents were older (84.

Activation of ATF3 via the integrated stress response pathway regulates innate immune response to restrict Zika virus.

Unlabelled: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that can have devastating health consequences. The developmental and neurological effects of a ZIKV infection arise in part from the virus triggering cellular stress pathways and perturbing transcriptional programs. To date, the underlying mechanisms of transcriptional control directing viral restriction and virus-host interaction are understudied.