Multi-Institutional Comparison of Quality of Life Between Open Versus Endoscopic Skull Base Approaches.

Objectives: The primary objective of this prospective review was to compare quality of life between patients undergoing endoscopic and open skull base approaches.

Study Type And Design: Prospective Review.

Methods: Five centers recruited consecutive patients treated surgically for skull base neoplasms between 2012 to 2018.

Feasibility of home-based urine collection in children under 5 years in the ORIGINS birth cohort study: mixed method protocol and sample completion results.

Background: Urine is an attractive biospecimen for nutritional status and population health surveys. It is an excellent non-invasive alternative to blood for appropriate biomarkers in young children and is suitable for home-based collection, enabling representative collections across a population. However, the bulk of literature in this population is restricted to collection in primary care settings.

Long-Term Demographic Trends of Near Threatened Coastal Dolphins Living in an Urban Estuary.

Understanding population demography of threatened species and how they vary in relation to natural and anthropogenic stressors is essential for effective conservation. We used a long-term photographic capture-recapture dataset (1993-2020) of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins () in the highly urbanised Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary (ADS), South Australia, to estimate key demographic parameters and their variability over time. These parameters were analysed in relation to environmental variables used as indicators of local and large-scale climatic events.

Understanding the Public's Viewpoint on Organ Donation Among Adults in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Organ donation is the last option for patients with end-stage organ failure, but the number of people in need of transplantation outweighs the supply of donor organs. A thorough analysis of public understanding is required to design educational programs that increase public commitment to organ donation. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore Bangladeshi adults' understanding, attitudes, and willingness towards organ donation, while also investigating the sources of information, gender-specific knowledge, intentions, and the factors influencing their decisions.

Individuality Through Ecology: Rethinking the Evolution of Complex Life From an Externalist Perspective.

The evolution of complex life forms, exemplified by multicellular organisms, can be traced through a series of evolutionary transitions in individuality, beginning with the origin of life, followed by the emergence of the eukaryotic cell, and, among other transitions, culminating in the shift from unicellularity to multicellularity. Several attempts have been made to explain the origins of such transitions, many of which have been internalist (i.e.

Credit where it's due: Recognising lived experience in research authorship.

Objective: To identify current practice and preferences about whether and how to acknowledge authors' lived experience when authors contribute their lived experience expertise to research outputs in the context of health and healthcare.

Methods: Surveys to people with lived experience and to academic researchers who had conducted research together (via consultation, partnership or lived-experience-led).

Results: Responses from 40 academic researchers and 36 lived experience contributors were included.

Facet deflection and strain are dependent on axial compression and distraction in C5-C7 spinal segments under constrained flexion.

Background: Facet fractures are frequently associated with clinically observed cervical facet dislocations (CFDs); however, to date there has only been one experimental study, using functional spinal units (FSUs), which has systematically produced CFD with concomitant facet fracture. The role of axial compression and distraction on the mechanical response of the cervical facets under intervertebral motions associated with CFD in FSUs has previously been shown. The same has not been demonstrated in multi-segment lower cervical spine specimens under flexion loading (postulated to be the local injury vector associated with CFD).

Spectroscopic analysis of nanosized Zn(Ag, Ni)O systems and observation of superparamagnetism at low temperature.

To understand the impact of binary doping in ZnO, nanosized Zn(Ag, Ni)O systems were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The amount of Ag was fixed at 2 at%, and that of Ni was varied from 1 to 15 at%. Ni incorporation equal to or beyond 3 at% gave rise to the development of the NiO phase.

-Sulfonylphenoxazines as neuronal calcium ion channel blockers.

Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain, usually caused by nerve damage, that responds poorly to traditional pain therapies. The N-type calcium channel (Ca2.2) is a well-validated pharmacological target to treat this condition.

Squamate scavenging services: Heath goannas () support carcass removal and may suppress agriculturally damaging blowflies.

Human-induced environmental change has caused widespread loss of species that support important functions for ecosystems and society. For example, vertebrate scavengers contribute to the functional health of ecosystems and provide services to agricultural landscapes by removing carcasses and associated pests. Widespread extirpation of native Australian mammals since the arrival of Europeans in Australia has removed many scavenging species from landscapes, while scavenging mammals such as European red foxes () have been introduced.

The impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its treatment on interstitial lung disease outcomes.

Background: To determine the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and its treatment and interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: SSc patients from the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study (ASCS) were included. GORD was defined as self-reported GORD symptoms, therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and/or the presence of reflux oesophagitis diagnosed endoscopically.

Physiotherapy assessment of people with neurological conditions in Australia: A national survey.

Background And Purpose: Currently there are approximately one billion people worldwide affected by a neurological condition. These conditions may result in a variety of impairments that require assessment and management from a physiotherapist. However, there is a lack of consensus in the literature as to what domains physiotherapists working in clinical settings include in their assessment of this population, with only five domains identified in a recent systematic review.

Cognitive function in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review protocol.

Background And Aims: As the fastest-growing neurological disorder globally, a better understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD) is needed to improve patient outcomes and reduce the increasing economic and healthcare burden associated with the disease. Whilst classified as a movement disorder, this disease is highly heterogeneous, encompassing a broad range of both motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). Cognitive impairment, presenting as either mild cognitive impairment or PD-dementia, is one of the most prevalent and disabling NMS.

Can lithium be used in the setting of clozapine commencement in patients with COVID-19 associated neutropenia: A case report.

COVID-19 infection may increase the likelihood of neutropenia in patients already on clozapine. In clozapine treated patients experiencing COVID-19 associated neutropenia, adjunct therapy with lithium can be considered.

Infra-Red Imaging to Detect Respirator Leak in Healthcare Workers During Fit-Testing Clinic.

Objective: This study addressed the problem of objectively detecting leaks in P2 respirators at point of use, an essential component for healthcare workers' protection. To achieve this, we explored the use of infra-red (IR) imaging combined with machine learning algorithms on the thermal gradient across the respirator during inhalation.

Results: The study achieved high accuracy in predicting pass or fail outcomes of quantitative fit tests for flat-fold P2 FFRs.

Gastric emptying and myoelectrical activity testing in children with esophageal atresia: A pilot study.

Objectives: Abnormalities of gastric function in children with esophageal atresia (EA) could potentially contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms and reduced quality of life (QOL). Therefore, we aimed to determine the feasibility and clinical usefulness of gastric function testing in children with EA.

Methods: The validated PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Questionnaire (PedsQL-GI) was completed to assess gastrointestinal symptoms and symptom-related QOL.

Recent advances in DDAH1 inhibitor design and discovery: insights from structure-activity relationships and X-ray crystal structures.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule which modulates several biological and pathological processes. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) plays a key role indirectly regulating NO concentrations in the body. It has been shown that DDAH1 inhibition may be an effective therapeutic strategy in certain pathological states in which excessive NO is produced.

Inhibition of N-type calcium channels by phenoxyaniline and sulfonamide analogues.

Building on previous investigations, structural modifications to the neuronal calcium ion channel blocker MONIRO-1 and related compounds were conducted that included replacement of the amide linker with an aniline and isosteric sulfonamide moiety, and the previously used strategy of substitution of the guanidinium group with less hydrophilic amine functionalities. A comprehensive SAR study revealed a number of phenoxyaniline and sulfonamide compounds that were more potent or had similar potency for the Ca2.2 and Ca3.

Factors disrupting the continuity of care for patients with chronic disease during the pandemics: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Continuous routine care is necessary to prevent long-term complications of chronic diseases and improve patients' health conditions. This review study was conducted to determine the factors disrupting continuity of care for patients with chronic diseases during the pandemic.

Methods: All original articles published on factors disrupting continuity of care for patients with chronic disease during a pandemic between December 2019 and June 28, 2023, in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched.

Assessment of hematology laboratory performance in the total testing process using quality indicators and sigma metrics in the northwest of Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Assuring laboratory quality by minimizing the magnitude of errors is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to assess hematology laboratory performance in the total testing process using quality indicators and sigma metrics.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2022.

Mutual induced fit transition structure stabilization of corannulene's bowl-to-bowl inversion in a perylene bisimide cyclophane.

Corannulene is known to undergo a fast bowl-to-bowl inversion at r.t. a planar transition structure (TS).

Clinical and functional outcomes for risk-appropriate treatments for prostate cancer.

Objectives: To describe real-world clinical and functional outcomes in an Australian cohort of men with localised prostate cancer according to treatment type and risk category.

Subjects And Methods: Men diagnosed from 2008 to 2018 who were enrolled in South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative registry-a multi-institutional prospective clinical registry-were studied. The main outcome measures were overall survival, cancer-specific survival, decline in functional outcomes, biochemical recurrence and transition to active treatment following active surveillance.

Health System Enablers and Barriers to Continuity of Care for First Nations Peoples Living with Chronic Disease.

Introduction: Failings in providing continuity of care following an acute event for a chronic disease contribute to care inequities for First Nations Peoples in Australia, Canada, and Aotearoa (New Zealand).

Methods: A rapid narrative review, including primary studies published in English from Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central, concerning chronic diseases (cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and related complications), was conducted. Barriers and enablers to continuity of care for First Nations Peoples were explored considering an empirical lens from the World Health Organization framework on integrated person-centred health services.