Single-cell RNA sequencing and functional analysis reveal the role of altered glycosylation levels of hepatic macrophages in liver cirrhosis.

Background: Liver cirrhosis represents a critical stage of chronic liver disease, characterized by progressive liver damage, cellular dysfunction, and disrupted cell-to-cell interactions. Glycosylation, an essential post-translational modification, significantly influences cellular behavior and disease progression. Its role in cirrhosis at the single-cell level remains unclear, despite its importance.

Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Aberrant Adipogenesis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Impaired Antibacterial Function in Adipocytes of Creeping Fat.

Background And Aim: Creeping fat (CF) in Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by hyperplastic mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) encasing fibrotic intestinal segments. CF exhibits disruptions in microbiota and lipid metabolism, particularly in lysophospholipids (LPC). This study aims to elucidate the impact of LPC on adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in CF and its effects on immune defense functions in the differentiated adipocytes.

Microbiological findings in a cohort of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Background: Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is an established support option for patients with very severe respiratory failure and played an important role during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Bacteria and fungi can lead to severe infectious complications in critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological spectrum of bacteria and fungi detected in patients with COVID-19-associated respiratory failure supported with VV ECMO in our center.

Coding traumatic brain injury with the abbreviated injury scale following a standardised radiologic template will improve classification of trauma populations.

Introduction: Injury coding with the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an important element for benchmarking, trauma registries and research.

Objective: To compare the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) coding derived from the AIS with or without the use of a standardised radiologic template.

Methods: A retrospective two-centre cohort study including patients aged ≥ 18 years with isolated TBI admitted to an intensive care between 2011 and 2016 was conducted.

Radiological features of desmoid-type fibromatosis: a two-institution retrospective study.

Objectives: To characterize the radiological findings of desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF).

Methods: This two-institution retrospective study included 152 patients with pathologically confirmed DF who underwent computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT between January 2001 and February 2024. Two board-certified radiologists independently evaluated the CT, MRI, and FDG-PET/CT findings, and a third board-certified radiologist resolved discrepancies.

The psychological effects of protective isolation on haematological stem cell transplant patients: an integrative, descriptive review.

Purpose: Protective isolation is used during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to protect patients at increased risk of infection. However, it is suggested that the intensity of strict isolation conditions combined with intense treatments can impact patients psychologically. This review explored the psychological effect of protective isolation on HSCT patients.

Barriers and facilitators to treat-to-target in axial spondyloarthritis in clinical practice: a mixed methods study.

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of patients and rheumatologists about a treat-to-target (T2T) strategy in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and identify the barriers and facilitators to its implementation in clinical practice. A mixed methods design was applied. Patients with axSpA who visited the outpatient clinic with active disease (AxSpA Disease Activity Score [ASDAS] ≥ 2.

Long-term effects of superselective renal artery embolization on renal function after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Objectives: To investigate the long-term impact of superselective renal artery embolization (SRAE) on renal function in cases of severe post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) haemorrhage, and to identify the factors associated with the long-term outcome of renal function.

Methods: Patients treated with SRAE for post-PCNL hemorrhage between September 2016 and September 2021 were included. Patients' demographic and clinical data were recorded.

Understanding the anatomical basis of anorectal fistulas and their surgical management: exploring different types for enhanced precision and safety.

Anorectal fistulas remain one of the most challenging conditions in colorectal surgery and require precise anatomical knowledge for successful management. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current evidence on the anatomical foundations of fistula development and treatment, particularly focusing on the cryptoglandular hypothesis and its clinical implications. A systematic analysis of the recent literature has examined the relationship between anatomical structures and fistula formation, classification systems, diagnostic modalities, and therapeutic approaches.

Radiation dose proportions of localizer radiograph and bolus tracking in low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic computed tomography.

Background: Optimization of localizer radiograph and bolus tracking doses is necessary, as their dose proportion may increase with a decreasing diagnostic scan dose in pediatric cardiothoracic computed tomography (CT).

Objective: To evaluate the radiation dose proportions of the localizer radiograph and bolus tracking in low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic CT.

Materials And Methods: For low-dose pediatric cardiothoracic CT, a posteroanterior localizer radiograph was acquired with 80 kV, and 35 mA or 20 mA in 852 infants (age<1 year).

MRI features of hepatocellular adenomas in children: clinical and radiological review.

Background: Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are rare, benign hepatic tumors in children, with limited imaging data available for pediatric cases.

Objective: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical features of histologically proven HCAs in children.

Materials And Methods: Single-center retrospective review of pathology-proven HCA from January 2004 to February 2024.

Ovarian volume estimation in girls using rapid MR imaging for right lower quadrant pain.

Background: MRI provides adequate ovarian imaging to permit accurate measurement. More normative data for children and adolescents is needed as MRI is being used for evaluation of right lower quadrant pain that could be due to ovarian torsion.

Objective: To determine normative data for ovarian size by MRI using a rapid protocol for right lower quadrant pain.

From smog to scarred hearts: unmasking the detrimental impact of air pollution on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Air pollution is a global environmental health hazard associated with elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to various air pollutants, specifically particulate matter (PM), ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM), and diesel exhaust particles, may exacerbate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. PM exposure can directly impair cardiomyocyte survival under ischemic conditions by inducing inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and dysregulation of non-coding RNAs.

Impact of Lesion Severity in Fetal Cardiac Counseling.

Approximately 1% of all live births in the USA are affected by congenital heart disease (CHD), the leading cause of congenital defect-related illness and infant death. Although technological innovations have improved CHD diagnosis in utero, variation among fetal cardiac counseling practices persists. Our study aims to evaluate physician counseling content based on cardiac defect complexity.

Investigation of the antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and effects on enamel and composite resin of mouthwash formulations prepared with three different Boron compounds.

Objective: This study investigated the use of oral rinse solutions formulated with boron-containing compounds, known for their antibacterial activity, as an alternative to chlorhexidine (CHX).

Material And Method: Boron nitride (BN), boric acid (BA) and sodium borate (SB) were used in the study. BN was used in nanosuspension (BN-NS) due to its low solubility in water.

Application of novel strategies in chronic wound management with focusing on pressure ulcers: new perspective.

Invading blood cells, extracellular tissue, and soluble mediators all play important roles in the wound-healing process. There is a substantial global burden of disease and mortality attributable to skin defects that do not heal. About 1% to 2% of the population in industrialized nations suffers from chronic wounds that don't heal, despite healthcare breakthroughs; this condition is very costly, costing about $25 billion each year in the US alone.

Predicting human olfactory perception by odorant structure and receptor activation profile.

Humans possess a remarkable ability to discriminate a wide range of odors with high precision. This process begins with olfactory receptors (ORs) detecting and responding to the molecular structures of odorants. Recent studies have aimed to associate the activity of a single OR to an odor descriptor or predict odor descriptors using 2D molecular representation.

Role of membrane porosity in passive sampling of aquatic contaminants for stable isotope analysis: enhancement of analyte accumulation rates and selectivity.

Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) is a potent method for illustrating the in situ degradation of aquatic contaminants. However, its application to surface and groundwater is hindered by low contaminant concentrations, typically in the nanogram-per-litre range, requiring the processing of large water volumes. Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) have shown promising results when combined with CSIA, yet their extended deployment time to accumulate sufficient analyte mass remains a major limitation.

Leukemic cells infiltrate the ovaries without damaging ovarian reserve in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model.

Leukemia is one of the most common cancers in prepubertal girls and adolescents, with advances improving survival rates. However, treatments like chemotherapy and radiation are highly gonadotoxic, often causing ovarian insufficiency, early menopause, infertility, and endocrine disorders. Fertility preservation for young female cancer patients, especially prepubertal girls without mature germ cells, relies heavily on ovarian tissue cryopreservation.

Telehealth vs Clinic Postoperative Visit After Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Telehealth is becoming more common, but there is a paucity of literature investigating the role of telehealth in perioperative gynecologic care. The authors hypothesized that patients evaluated via telehealth 4 weeks after minimally invasive hysterectomy would not have lower satisfaction than patients evaluated in clinic.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled noninferiority trial of patients who underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy at a single academic medical center.

Evaluating the Benefit of a Urogynecologic Telehealth Consultation after Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury.

Introduction: Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASI) are associated with significant risk of complications, including pain, infection, and long-term pelvic floor dysfunction. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the utility and acceptability of a postpartum telehealth consultation focused on pelvic floor health for patients after OASI.

Methods: This prospective study used a pre-post design comparing standard postpartum care versus standard postpartum care plus a telehealth urogynecology consultation focused on pelvic floor recovery.

Informed Consent in Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery: Patients' Perspective of a Tertiary Service Process.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Obtaining informed consent to surgery is essential for ethical, legal, and quality-care reasons. This study evaluates patients' understanding, experience, and satisfaction with the informed consent process prior to pelvic reconstructive surgery.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted from April 2021 to April 2022, registered as a service evaluation project.

Efficacy of 100-U Onabotulinumtoxin A Treatment in Female Idiopathic Overactive Bladder-A Prospective Follow-Up Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Overactive bladder (OAB) affects 11-17% of the female population. First-line treatment with lifestyle modifications and second-line therapy with medications are often limited by inadequate efficacy or pharmacological side effects. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of 100 U onabotulinumtoxin A treatment on idiopathic OAB (iOAB) as a second-line treatment.

Intracellular enhancement technique for gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of hepatic function.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of intracellular enhancement (ICE) technique which suppresses signals from the extracellular space for the evaluation of hepatic function on gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase (HBP) images.

Methods: We subjected 67 patients with suspected neoplastic hepatic lesions to gadoxetic acid-enhanced HBP imaging with and without ICE [i-HBP, conventional-HBP (c-HBP)]. A radiologist calculated the liver/spleen contrast (LSC) [LSC = signal intensity (SI) of liver/SI of spleen].