Exploitation of the Nutraceutical Potential of the Infesting Seaweed as a Yellow Mealworms' Feed: Focus on Nutrients and Antioxidant Activity.

According to the Sustainable Blue Economy Communication, the Farm to Fork Strategy, and the European Green Deal, novel business models supporting the use of resources from oceans and seas are of primary importance. Interestingly, several infesting seaweeds are consumed as foods in Asia and are fundamental ingredients in several traditional dishes. Herein, according to the circular economy approach, we investigate the use of (CL) as a larvae feed in different percentages: 20%, 50%, and 100%, respectively.

Study of the Interplay Among Melt Morphology, Rheology and 3D Printability of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) Blends.

Polymeric materials made from renewable sources that can biodegrade in the environment are attracting considerable attention as substitutes for petroleum-based polymers in many fields, including additive manufacturing and, in particular, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Among the others, poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) hold significant potential as candidates for FDM since they meet the sustainability and biodegradability standards mentioned above. However, the most utilised PHA, consisting of the poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) homopolymer, has a high degree of crystallinity and low thermal stability near the melting point.

Hemp tea waste-immobilized lipase for the synthesis of alkyl oleates in solvent free systems.

This study explores the immobilization of lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) on hemp tea waste to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid with primary aliphatic C2-C12 alcohols. in a solvent-free system. The immobilization method employed was adsorption, chosen for its simplicity, low cost, and ability to preserve enzyme activity.

The 2025 Motile Active Matter Roadmap.

Activity and autonomous motion are fundamental aspects of many living and engineering systems. Here, the scale of biological agents covers a wide range, from nanomotors, cytoskeleton, and cells, to insects, fish, birds, and people. Inspired by biological active systems, various types of autonomous synthetic nano- and micromachines have been designed, which provide the basis for multifunctional, highly responsive, intelligent active materials.

Incidence of hospital-acquired infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in critically ill patients in Italy: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria, including Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), are common causes of infections in intensive care units (ICUs) in Italy.

Objective: This prospective observational study evaluated the epidemiology, management, microbiological characterization, and outcomes of hospital-acquired CRE or CRPA infections treated in selected ICUs in Italy.

Methods: The study included patients with hospital-acquired infections due to CRE and CRPA treated in 20 ICUs from June 2021 to February 2023.

Computer-Aided Retrosynthesis for Greener and Optimal Total Synthesis of a Helicase-Primase Inhibitor Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient.

This study leverages and upgrades the capabilities of computer-aided retrosynthesis (CAR) in the systematic development of greener and more efficient total synthetic routes for the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) IM-204, a helicase-primase inhibitor that demonstrated enhanced efficacy against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Using various CAR tools, several total synthetic routes were uncovered, evaluated, and experimentally validated, with the goal to maximize selectivity and yield and minimize the environmental impact. The CAR tools revealed several synthetic options under different constraints, which can overperform the patented synthetic route used as a reference.

Dissecting Methionine Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide in Proteins: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Susceptibility Descriptors.

The oxidation of Met residues in proteins is a complex process, where protein-specific structural and dynamical features play a relevant role in determining the reaction kinetics. Aiming to a full-side perspective, we report here a comprehensive characterization of Met oxidation kinetics by hydrogen peroxide in a leptin protein case study. To do that, we estimated the reaction-free energy profile of the Met oxidation via a QM/MM approach, while the kinetics of the formation of the reactive species were calculated using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Modulating Charge Transfer Kinetics along Poly Adenine: Chemical Modifications, Temperature, and Conformational Effects.

The charge transfer (CT) reactions in nucleic acids are crucial for genome damage and repair and nanoelectronics using DNA as a molecular conductor. Previous experimental and theoretical works underlined the significance of nucleic acid structural dynamics on CT kinetics, requiring models that incorporate the dynamics of the nucleic acid, solvents, and counterions. Here, we investigated hole transfer kinetics in poly adenine single and double strands at various temperatures and the rate enhancement due to adenine-to-7-deazaadenine mutation by means of a QM/MM approach.

Reinforcement of Dextran Methacrylate-Based Hydrogel, Semi-IPN, and IPN with Multivalent Crosslinkers.

The need for new biomaterials to meet the needs of advanced healthcare therapies is constantly increasing. Polysaccharide-based matrices are considered extremely promising because of their biocompatibility and soft structure; however, their use is limited by their poor mechanical properties. In this light, a strategy for the reinforcement of dextran-based hydrogels and interpenetrated polymer networks (semi-IPNs and IPNs) is proposed, which will introduce multifunctional crosslinkers that can modify the network crosslinking density.

Clinical Outcomes After Dental Surgery with Two Antiseptic Protocols.

Little has been written in the literature about the clinical comparison between the single use of chlorhexidine (CHX) and its combination with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of two at-home antiseptic regimens. : Healthy subjects scheduled for dental surgery were enrolled.

Computational Design of (B)Chl Models: Structural and Chemical Modifications toward Enriched Properties.

The functional units of natural photosynthetic systems control the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy. In this article, we explore a series of chemically and structurally modified bacteriochlorophyll and chlorophyll pigments through computational chemistry to evaluate their electronic spectroscopy properties. More specifically, we use multiconfigurational and time-dependent density functional theory methods, along with molecular dynamics simulations, to compute the models' energetics both in an implicit and explicit solvent environment.

Electrical polarization switching of perovskite polariton laser.

Optoelectronic and spinoptronic technologies benefit from flexible and tunable coherent light sources combining the best properties of nano- and material-engineering to achieve favorable properties such as chiral lasing and low threshold nonlinearities. In this work we demonstrate an electrically wavelength- and polarization-tunable room temperature polariton laser due to emerging photonic spin-orbit coupling. For this purpose, we design an optical cavity filled with both birefringent nematic liquid crystal and an inorganic perovskite.

Biomarker analyses from the phase III randomized CLEAR trial: lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background: In CLEAR, lenvatinib + pembrolizumab (L + P) significantly improved efficacy versus sunitinib in first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report results from CLEAR biomarker analyses.

Patients And Methods: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next-generation sequencing assays (whole exome sequencing/RNA sequencing) were carried out on archival tumor specimens.

Discovery of 22(S)-23-phenyl-24-norchol-5-en-3β,22-diol (PFM046) as the first-in-class, steroidal, non-sulfated Liver X Receptor antagonist with anticancer activity.

A plethora of studies have demonstrated the crucial role played by Liver X Receptors (LXRs) in cancer. However, whether LXRs activation results in pro-versus anti-tumor effects is still matter of debate. Recently, we have reported the ability of 22(S)-hydroxycholesterol-3-sulfate (PFM037) to antagonize LXRα activity, and, at the same time, its capability to improve in-vivo anti-tumor immune responses.

A diazirine's central carbon is sp-hybridized, facilitating conjugation to dye molecules.

Diazirines are versatile carbene precursors that are extensively used in biological target identification experiments. However, their photo-activation wavelength ( 365 nm) precludes their use in living organisms. Here we show that a reconceptualization of the diazirine hybridization state leads to conjugation of the diazirine motif to longer-wavelength chromophores.

Effects of milk extracellular vesicles from Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss heat-stressed dairy cows on bovine mammary epithelial cells.

The increase in ambient temperature is responsible for a behavioral, physiological, and metabolic responses known as heat stress, which affects dairy cows' general well-being, health, reproduction, and productivity. Focusing on the functioning of the mammary gland, attention has been recently paid to a new method of cell-cell communication mediated by extracellular vesicles, which with their cargo can affect the target cells' phenotypic traits, behavior, and biological functions. This study investigated whether the small extracellular vesicles (sEV) isolated from milk of heat-stressed Holstein Friesian (H) and Brown Swiss (B) cows affect the cellular response of a bovine mammary epithelial cell line (BME-UV1).

Asymmetric conformation of the high-spin state of iron(II)-tris(2,2-bipyridine): Time-resolved x-ray absorption and ultraviolet circular dichroism.

We analyze the structures of the low-spin (LS) ground state and the high-spin (HS) lowest excited state of the iron-(II)-tris bipyridine complex ([Fe(bpy)]) using density functional theory PBE methods, modeling the solvent interactions with conductor-like polarizable continuum model. These calculations are globally benchmarked against a wide range of experimental observables that include ultraviolet-visible linear absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectra and Fe K-edge x-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES). The calculations confirm the already established D geometry of the LS state, as well as a departure from this geometry for the HS state, with the appearance of inequivalent Fe-N bond elongations.

"OMICS" in Human Milk: Focus on Biological Effects on Bone Homeostasis.

Human milk (HM) is a complex biofluid rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds essential for infant health. Recent advances in omics technologies-such as proteomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics-have shed light on the influence of HM on bone development and health. This review discusses the impact of various HM components, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and hormones, on bone metabolism and skeletal growth.