Social vocalizations indicate behavioural type in bats.

Vocalizations play a crucial role in the social systems of many animals and may inadvertently reveal behavioural characteristics of the sender. Bats, the second largest mammalian order, rely extensively on vocalizations owing to their nocturnal lifestyle and complex social systems, making them ideal for studying links between vocalizations and consistent behavioural traits. In this study, we developed a new testing regime to investigate whether consistent individual vocalization differences in nectarivorous bats are associated with specific behavioural types.

Gender/Sex Preferences May Moderate the Relationship between Cohabitation and Sibling Incest.

The current study examined the extent to which gender/sex preference moderated the role of cohabitation on incest avoidance in an online sample of 1,623 adults with at least one opposite-sex sibling. Consistent with previous research, we found that longer cohabitation with a sibling was associated with decreased sexual interest in sexual contact between hypothetical siblings. We extended the literature by finding that gender/sex preferences contribute significantly to our understanding of incest avoidance.

Martignac: Computational Workflows for Reproducible, Traceable, and Composable Coarse-Grained Martini Simulations.

Despite their wide use and far-reaching implications, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suffer from a lack of both traceability and reproducibility. We introduce Martignac: computational workflows for the coarse-grained (CG) Martini force field. Martignac describes Martini CG MD simulations as an acyclic directed graph, providing the entire history of a simulation─from system preparation to property calculations.

Clinical management of patients with colorectal intramucosal carcinoma compared to high-grade dysplasia and T1 colorectal cancer.

Background And Aims: In the colorectum, intramucosal carcinoma (IMC), like high-grade dysplasia (HGD), should be resected endoscopically. We were interested to understand how real-world treatment of IMC cases compares to management of HGD and T1 colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A multicenter cohort study was conducted.

Inclusive Hadronic Decay Rate of the τ Lepton from Lattice QCD: The u[over ¯]s Flavor Channel and the Cabibbo Angle.

We present a lattice determination of the inclusive decay rate of the process τ↦X_{us}ν_{τ} in which the τ lepton decays into a generic hadronic state X_{us} with u[over ¯]s flavor quantum numbers. Our results have been obtained in n_{f}=2+1+1 isosymmetric QCD with full nonperturbative accuracy, without any operator product expansion approximation and, except for the presently missing long-distance isospin-breaking corrections, include a solid estimate of all sources of theoretical uncertainties. This has been possible by using the Hansen-Lupo-Tantalo method [M.

Primordial aqueous alteration recorded in water-soluble organic molecules from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu.

We report primordial aqueous alteration signatures in water-soluble organic molecules from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft of JAXA. Newly identified low-molecular-weight hydroxy acids (HO-R-COOH) and dicarboxylic acids (HOOC-R-COOH), such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, glyceric acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid, are predominant in samples from the two touchdown locations at Ryugu. The quantitative and qualitative profiles for the hydrophilic molecules between the two sampling locations shows similar trends within the order of ppb (parts per billion) to ppm (parts per million).

Revision of the genus Fascaplysinopsis, the type species Fascaplysinopsis reticulata (Hentschel, 1912) (Porifera, Dictyoceratida, Thorectidae) and descriptions of two new genera and seven new species.

The present study examines the taxonomy of sponge specimens with unique chemistry collectively known as Fascaplysinopsis reticulata (Hentschel, 1912). Examination of Hentschels original species upon which the genus Fascaplysinopsis Bergquist, 1980 was based in conjunction with a comparison with recent Indo-west Pacific collections, using morphological and molecular analyses (ITS and 28S rDNA), revealed extensive variation. Fascaplysinopsis reticulata was found to be a species complex comprising the genus Fascaplysinopsis, as well as two new genera: Skolosachlys gen.

Uncovering Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda name length patterns for enhanced scientific communication.

The motivations for describing species are multifaceted and extend beyond the scientific disciplines, promoting public engagement and enhancing biodiversity communication. We delve into the practices of naming species of Rotifera, Diplostraca (= Cladocera) and Copepoda, underpinning the effects of time, taxon group and the lengths of genus names on the length of specific names. Our investigation revolves around a comprehensive dataset comprising 6319 names described between 1758 and 2021 of Rotifers, Cladocera and Copepoda.

A new species of planthopper in the genus Anotia (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Derbidae) from the Los Angeles cloud forest in Costa Rica.

Recent survey work in Costa Rica has resulted in the discovery of new species of derbid and cixiid planthoppers associated with palms. During this survey, one species belonging to the genus Anotia has been discovered and described, A. firebugia.

Deep Water Polymastiidae (Porifera, Polymastiida) from the South West Pacific.

This study reports on some deep water sponges in the family Polymastiidae collected during the 2017 Abyss Cruise off the East Coast of Australia and the 2003 NORFANZ Expedition to the Lord Howe and Norfolk Ridges in the Tasman Sea, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Species of Radiella, Spinularia, Ridleia, Tentorium and Polymastia were collected from abyssal and bathyal depths. From these collections, seven new species were discovered: Radiella nidula sp.

A preliminary checklist of the praying mantids of Como National Park, Ivory Coast (Insecta: Mantodea).

The Como National Park (CNP), located in the north-eastern part of the Ivory Coast, is strongly influenced by the river Como, which is eponymous for the park. Gallery forests along the river, forest islands, open grasslands, bush and tree savannas of various densities offer diverse habitats that harbor both forest and savannah praying mantis species. We present a preliminary checklist of praying mantids (Insecta: Mantodea) of the CNP.

Implementation of -Interval fourier transform analysis - Application to compound action potentials.

-Interval Fourier Transform Analysis (-FTA) allows for spectral separation of a periodic target signal from uncorrelated background interference. A -FTA pseudo-code is presented. The spectral resolution is defined by the repetition rate of the near periodic signal.

Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos.

Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechanisms that ensure convergence of the AP axis with the long axis of the eggshell remain unresolved.

A patent review of MAPK inhibitors (2018 - present).

Introduction: The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family consist of p38 MAP kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). They are involved in a multitude of diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases as well as cancer. In recent years, further developments in the field of MAPK-inhibitors have been reported, including an isoform or downstream target selective inhibition of MAPKs as well as target protein degradation approaches.

Removal of AMR plasmids using a mobile, broad host-range CRISPR-Cas9 delivery tool.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes are widely disseminated on plasmids. Therefore, interventions aimed at blocking plasmid uptake and transfer may curb the spread of AMR. Previous studies have used CRISPR-Cas-based technology to remove plasmids encoding AMR genes from target bacteria, using either phage- or plasmid-based delivery vehicles that typically have narrow host ranges.

Modifications of geldanamycin via CuAAC altering affinity to chaperone protein Hsp90 and cytotoxicity.

Functionalization of alkyne (1) and azide (2) derivatives of geldanamycin (GDM) via dipolar cycloaddition CuAAC yielded 35 new congeners (3-37) with C(17)-triazole arms bearing caps of different nature (basic vs. acidic, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic).

Performance evaluation of a novel multi-pinhole collimator on triple-NaI-detector SPECT/CT for dedicated myocardial imaging.

Background: In this study we evaluated the imaging capabilities of a novel Multi-pinhole collimator (MPH-Cardiac) specially designed for nuclear cardiology imaging on a Triple-NaI-detector based SPECT/CT system.

Methods: Tc point source measurements covering the field of view (FOV) were used to determine tomographic sensitivity (TS) and spatial resolution. Organ-size tomographic sensitivity (TS) was measured with a left ventricle (LV) phantom filled with typical myocardial activity of a patient scan.

In Situ Metabolomics of Cortisol-Producing Adenomas.

Background: Recent advances in omics techniques have allowed detailed genetic characterization of cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma (CPA). In contrast, the pathophysiology of CPAs has not been elucidated in detail on the level of tumor metabolic alterations.

Methods: The current study conducted a comprehensive mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) map of CPAs in relation to clinical phenotypes and immunohistochemical profiles of steroidogenic enzymes.

Intuitive teaching of medical device operation to clinical assistance robots.

Purpose: The adjustment of medical devices in the operating room is currently done by the circulating nurses. As digital interfaces for the devices are not foreseeable in the near future and to incorporate legacy devices, the robotic operation of medical devices is an open topic.

Methods: We propose a teleoperated learning from demonstration process to acquire the high-level device functionality with given motion primitives.

High-density genotyping reveals candidate genomic regions for chicken body size in breeds of Asian origin.

Body size is one of the main selection indices in chicken breeding. Although often investigated, knowledge of the underlying genetic mechanisms is incomplete. The aim of the current study was to identify genomic regions associated with body size differences between Asian Game and Asian Bantam type chickens.

Does Environmental Exposure to Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Product Residues Result in the Selection of Antimicrobial-Resistant Microorganisms, and is this Important in Terms of Human Health Outcomes?

The environment plays a critical role in the development, dissemination, and transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) enter the environment through direct application to the environment and through anthropogenic pollution. Although there is a growing body of evidence defining minimal selective concentrations (MSCs) of antibiotics and the role antibiotics play in horizontal gene transfer (HGT), there is limited evidence on the role of non-antibiotic PPCPs.

BAl: A Three-Dimensional Molecular Reuleaux Triangle.

We systematically explore the potential energy surface of the BAl combination of atoms. The putative global minimum corresponds to a structure formed by an Al square facing a B triangle. Interestingly, the dynamical behavior can be described as a Reuleaux molecular triangle since it involves the rotation of the B triangle at the top of the Al square.

EC (E = Si-Pb): polycyclic aromatic compounds with three planar tetracoordinate carbons.

A systematic exploration of the potential energy surface reveals two global minima with three planar tetra coordinate carbons (ptCs) and two global minima with three quasi-ptCs for EC (E = Si-Pb) combinations. These consist of aromatic polycyclic templates suitable for further design of different materials without hindering the ptC texture.