Community-based flood mitigation in Malaysia: Enhancing public participation and policy effectiveness for sustainable resilience.

Background: Flooding is a frequent and devastating hazard in Malaysia, exacerbated by the country's tropical climate and rapid urbanisation. Traditional flood management strategies, predominantly focused on engineering solutions, have proven inadequate in addressing evolving flood risks. Community-based flood mitigation (CBFM) has emerged as an alternative approach, leveraging local knowledge and public participation to enhance flood resilience.

Enhancing unity-based AR with optimal lossless compression for digital twin assets.

The rapid development of Digital Twin (DT) technology has underlined challenges in resource-constrained mobile devices, especially in the application of extended realities (XR), which includes Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). These challenges lead to computational inefficiencies that negatively impact user experience when dealing with sizeable 3D model assets. This article applies multiple lossless compression algorithms to improve the efficiency of digital twin asset delivery in Unity's AssetBundle and Addressable asset management frameworks.

Bi-Plane Multicolor Scanning Illumination Microscopy with Multispot Excitation and a Distorted Diffraction Grating.

Multifocus microscopy has previously been demonstrated to provide volumetric information from a single shot. However, the practical application of this method is challenging due to its weak optical sectioning and limited spatial resolution. Here, we report on the combination of a distorted diffraction grating and multifocal scanning illumination microscopy to improve spatial resolution and contrast.

Comparative analysis of the nutritional, physicochemical, and bioactive characteristics of and for the evaluation of their potential as ingredients in functional foods.

and are unique plants that show significant bioactive properties and are used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. This study assessed the nutritional values, functional properties, chemical composition, and bioactive attributes of these plants as functional nutritional supplements. Compared to , had higher fat (4.

Ultrasound-assisted fabrication of chitosan-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nanoemulsions loaded with thymol and cinnamaldehyde: Physicochemical properties, stability, and antifungal activity.

This study investigated the influence of chitosan (CH) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (H), along with ultrasound power, on the physicochemical properties, antifungal activity, and stability of oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions containing thymol and cinnamaldehyde in a 7:3 (v/v) ratio. Eight O/W formulations were prepared using CH, H, and a 1:1 (v/v) blend of CH and H, both with and without ultrasonication (U). Compared to untreated samples, U-treated nanoemulsions had lower droplet sizes (433-301 nm), polydispersity index (0.

Evaluation of amylose content: Structural and functional properties, analytical techniques, and future prospects.

Amylose content (AC) is critical in evaluating starch properties, significantly influencing the food industry and human nutrition. Although amylose is not completely linear, its unique structure makes it a key research focus across various scientific fields. Understanding amylose's structural and functional properties is essential for its applications in medical, nutritional, and industrial sectors.

Unveiling the Gut Microbiota of Pig-Tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) in Selected Habitats in Malaysia.

Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in primates, which may be associated with their habitat. In Malaysia, pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) live in different habitat environments and have traditionally been used for coconut plucking for more than a century. There is currently no information regarding the gut microbiota of this macaque in Malaysia.

Key derivation function: key-hash based computational extractor and stream based pseudorandom expander.

The key derivation function is a specific cryptographic algorithm that transforms private string and public strings into one or more cryptographic keys. The cryptographic keys are essential for protecting electronic data during transmission on the internet. This function is designed based on a computational extractor and pseudorandom expander and is typically constructed using various cryptography ciphers such as stream ciphers, keyed-hash message authentication codes, and block ciphers.

Complete genome sequence of D1_6, isolated from peat soil.

We present a complete genome of D1_6 isolated from peat swamp forest. The complete genome for the isolate D1_6 was constructed using data from Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Illumina. The genome of D1_6 has a total length of 4,996,151 bp, comprising a chromosome and a plasmid.

Social dimensions of climate-induced flooding in Jakarta (Indonesia): The role of non-point source pollution.

Because of its low-lying location, urbanization, and inadequate infrastructure, Jakarta (Indonesia) has experienced an increase in annual flooding events, rising from an average of five significant floods per year in the 1990s to over 20 annually (2010-2020). With climate change exacerbating extreme weather events, Jakarta encounters escalating risks of flooding. Although the recurrent flooding is exacerbated by non-point source (NPS) of pollution such as urban runoff and agricultural discharge that contribute to 40% of total pollutants leading to flood-related issues in Jakarta, none has investigated this research gap.

Synthesis and characterization of etherified cationic starch flocculant derived from Manihot esculenta peel with varying degrees of substitution.

Cationic Manihot esculenta (ME) peel starch was synthesized through etherification method using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) as cationizing monomer. The optimization of the main factors influencing the degree of substitution (DS) was conducted using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The factors assessed include CHPTAC concentration, catalyst sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, and reaction time.

The stability of natural and man-made unsaturated slopes influenced by different rainfall patterns.

Many slope failures have been recorded in Malaysia in recent times, particularly during the rainy season. An irregular rainfall is a change in rainfall patterns that is found to affect the slope stability with the infiltration of rainfall. The objective of this research is to investigate variations in the pattern of rainfall and their effect on the stability of natural and man-made unsaturated slopes in two separate site locations.

Sugarcane disease recognition through visible and near-infrared spectroscopy using deep learning assisted continuous wavelet transform-based spectrogram.

Utilizing visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometrics methods has been widespread for identifying plant diseases. However, a key obstacle involves the extraction of relevant spectral characteristics. This study aimed to enhance sugarcane disease recognition by combining convolutional neural network (CNN) with continuous wavelet transform (CWT) spectrograms for spectral features extraction within the Vis-NIR spectra (380-1400 nm) to improve the accuracy of sugarcane diseases recognition.

The application of fractional calculus in economic growth modelling: An approach based on regression analysis.

This paper establishes a fractional-order economic growth model to model the gross domestic product (GDP). The fractional-order model consists of a differential equation of integer and fractional orders, where the GDP is a function of several exploratory variables. An empirical application is adopted using Malaysia's GDP data from 1956 to 2018, incorporating exploratory variables such as total population, crude death rate, production of logs, gross fixed capital formation, exports of goods and services, general government final consumption expenditure, private final consumption expenditure, and the impact of investment.

A review on solid-state recycling of aluminum machining chips and their morphology effect on recycled part quality.

The increasing demand for sustainable manufacturing has revived the interest in solid-state recycling (SSR) as a promising alternative method for aluminum waste. In this context, chips generated during machining processes constitute a substantial portion of aluminum waste, offering significant potential for recycling and mitigating waste. However, the machining chip morphology significantly impacts the properties of chip-based recycled parts.

Characterizing the gastrointestinal microbiome diversity in endangered Malayan Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus): Insights into group composition, age variability and sex-related patterns.

Background: The gut morphology of Symphalangus syndactylus exhibits an intermediate structure that aligns with its consumption of fruit and ability to supplement its diet with leaves. The Siamang relies on its gut microbiome for energy extraction, immune system development, and the synthesis of micronutrients. Gut microbiome composition may be structured based on several factors such as age, sex, and habitat.

Study on fresh and hardened state properties of eco-friendly foamed concrete incorporating waste soda-lime glass.

Improper waste management is causing global environmental problems. Waste glass may have adverse impacts on the ecosystem. While a substantial amount of soda-lime glass bottle (SGB) undergoes recycling to create new glass items, a significant volume still ends up in landfills.

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for the rapid and selective determination of clofazimine in blood plasma samples.

Clofazimine (CLF) is a riminophenazine derivative and a new therapeutic option with high efficacy for patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (TB). The blood levels of CLF are low and suboptimal, so therapeutic drug monitoring is required. Prior to this study, there were no molecular imprinting-based solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents that could be used to determine the blood CLF levels.

Response surface methodology and machine learning optimisations comparisons of recycled AA6061-BC-ZrO hybrid metal matrix composites via hot forging forming process.

The optimal conditions of applied factors to reuse Aluminium AA6061 scraps are (450, 500, and 550) ⁰C preheating temperature, (1-15) % Boron Carbide (BC), and Zirconium (ZrO) hybrid reinforced particles at 120 min forging time via Hot Forging (HF) process. The response surface methodology (RSM) and machine learning (ML) were established for the optimisations and comparisons towards materials strength structure. The Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) strength and Microhardness (MH) were significantly increased by increasing the processed temperature and reinforced particles because of the material dispersion strengthening.

A systematic literature review on meta-heuristic based feature selection techniques for text classification.

Feature selection (FS) is a critical step in many data science-based applications, especially in text classification, as it includes selecting relevant and important features from an original feature set. This process can improve learning accuracy, streamline learning duration, and simplify outcomes. In text classification, there are often many excessive and unrelated features that impact performance of the applied classifiers, and various techniques have been suggested to tackle this problem, categorized as traditional techniques and meta-heuristic (MH) techniques.

Validity of zinc oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized in food wastes extract in treating real samples of printing ink wastewater; prediction models using feed-forward neural network (FFNN).

In the present study, biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles in food wastewater extract (FWEZnO NPs) was used in the photocatalytic degradation of real samples of printing ink wastewater. FWEZnO NPs were prepared using green synthesis methods using a composite food waste sample (2 kg) consisted of rice 30%, bread 20 %, fruits 10 %, chicken 10 %, lamb 10%, and vegetable 20%. The photocatalysis process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) as a function of time (15-180 min), pH 2-10 and FWEZnO NP (20-120 mg/100 mL), while the print ink effluent after each treatment process was evaluated using UV-Vis-spectrophotometer.

Preliminary assessment of group composition and activity pattern of the critically endangered Bornean Banded Langur in Tanjung Datu National Park.

The Bornean banded langur () is critically endangered species primarily found in Sarawak, Malaysia. Albeit this species is in peril, the ecology knowledge of this endemic species of Borneo is still scarce. Thus, a rapid survey employing total count and scan sampling method was conducted between July to August 2023 at Tanjung Datu National Park (TDNP), Sarawak to observe the social interaction of species with the environment.

Enhanced binding interaction and antibacterial inhibition for nanometal oxide particles activated with Aloe Vulgarize through one-pot ultrasonication techniques.

The interaction of green zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with bacterial strains are still scarcely reported. This work was conducted to study the green-one-pot-synthesized ZnO NPs from the Aloe Vulgarize (AV) leaf peel extract assisted with different sonication techniques followed by the physicochemical, biological activities and molecular docking studies. The NPs structure was analyzed using FTIR, UV-vis and EDX.