Effects of refeeding with low- or high-carbohydrate diets on intermediary carbohydrate metabolism in juvenile and adult Nile tilapia.

Generally, energy expenditure and compensation according to food deprivation and refeeding often occur along the life cycle of farmed-raised fish. Fasting and refeeding are also hypothesised to modulate carbohydrate metabolism particularly for herbivorous and/or omnivorous. This study aims to investigate the effects of short-term fasting and subsequent refeeding with high or low-carbohydrate diets on the intermediary carbohydrate metabolism of juvenile and adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which is known to be a good user of carbohydrate as an energy source.

Hypervalent iodine-mediated cyclization of bishomoallylamides to prolinols.

A change in mechanism was observed in the hypervalent iodine-mediated cyclization of -alkenylamides when the carbon chain between the alkene and the amide increased from two to three atoms. In the latter case, cyclization at the amide nitrogen to form the pyrrolidine ring was favored over cyclization at the amide oxygen. A DFT study was undertaken to rationalize the change in mechanism of this cyclization process.

European eel (Anguilla anguilla) survival modeling based on a 22-year capture-mark-recapture survey of a Mediterranean subpopulation.

Since the 1980s, the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) has declined by over 90% in recruitment across its European and North African distribution area. This diadromous fish spawns at sea and migrates into continental waters, where it grows for three to more than 30 years, depending on habitat conditions and location. During their growth, different habitat use tactics can locally influence the life-history traits of eels, including their survival rates.

The global loss of avian functional and phylogenetic diversity from anthropogenic extinctions.

Humans have been driving a global erosion of species richness for millennia, but the consequences of past extinctions for other dimensions of biodiversity-functional and phylogenetic diversity-are poorly understood. In this work, we show that, since the Late Pleistocene, the extinction of 610 bird species has caused a disproportionate loss of the global avian functional space along with ~3 billion years of unique evolutionary history. For island endemics, proportional losses have been even greater.

Reproducible 3D culture of multicellular tumor spheroids in supramolecular hydrogel from cancer stem cells sorted by sedimentation field-flow fractionation.

Three-dimensional (3D) cancer models, such as multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), are biological supports used for research in oncology, drug development and nanotoxicity assays. However, due to various analytical and biological challenges, the main recurring problem faced when developing this type of 3D model is the lack of reproducibility. When using a 3D support to assess the effect of biologics, small molecules or nanoparticles, it is essential that the support remains constant over time and multiples productions.

Fate and impact at molecular level of diatrizoic acid and iohexol contrast agents in Dreissena polymorpha mollusks.

Iodinated contrast media (ICMs) used in X-ray imaging for medical diagnostics are released into wastewater and then encountered in river water at concentrations ranging from several dozen to hundreds of µg/L, and even thousands of µg/L in hospital effluents. ICMs are considered as emerging pollutants as their occurrence and impact on ecosystems and the environment are poorly documented. Even if they are considered inert for humans, aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to ICMs, and their potential deleterious effects are therefore questioned as we have recently demonstrated that they enter into organisms such as the zebra mussels.

Metabolites derived from radical oxidation of PUFA: NEO-PUFAs, promising molecules for health?

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in numerous pathological processes. Under these stress conditions, the free radical-catalyzed lipid peroxidation generates in vivo a large number of key products that are involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Among these products are neuroprostanes, which arise from the peroxidation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and isoprostanes, resulting from arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) through the same peroxidation process.

Impaired Upper Airway Muscle Function with Excessive or Deficient Dietary Intake of Selenium in Rats.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) involves impaired upper airway muscle function and is linked to several pathologies including systemic hypertension, daytime somnolence and cognitive decline. Selenium is an essential micronutrient that exerts many of its effects through selenoproteins. Evidence indicates that either deficient or excessive dietary selenium intake can result in impaired muscle function, termed nutritional myopathy.

Multidimensional Analysis of Physiological Entropy during Self-Paced Marathon Running.

The pacing of a marathon is arguably the most challenging aspect for runners, particularly in avoiding a sudden decline in speed, or what is colloquially termed a "wall", occurring at approximately the 30 km mark. To gain further insight into the potential for optimizing self-paced marathon performance through the coding of comprehensive physiological data, this study investigates the complex physiological responses and pacing strategies during a marathon, with a focus on the application of Shannon entropy and principal component analysis (PCA) to quantify the variability and unpredictability of key cardiorespiratory measures. Nine recreational marathon runners were monitored throughout the marathon race, with continuous measurements of oxygen uptake (V˙O), carbon dioxide output (V˙CO), tidal volume (Vt), heart rate, respiratory frequency (Rf), and running speed.

Catechol/-benzoquinone exchange at gold(iii).

Although gold(iii) chemistry has tremendously progressed in the past 2 decades, gold(iii) catecholate complexes remain extremely scarce and underdeveloped. Upon preparation and full characterization of P^C-cyclometalated gold(iii) complexes, we serendipitously uncovered an intriguing catechol exchange process at gold(iii). Electron-rich catecholates turned out to be readily displaced by electron-poor -benzoquinones.

The iodinated contrast agent diatrizoic acid has an impact on the metabolome of the mollusc Dreissena polymorpha.

The occurrence of iodinated contrast agents (ICAs) in the aquatic environment is relatively well documented, showing that these compounds can be found at several µg/L in natural waters, and up to hundreds of µg/L in waste water treatment plants inlets. Nevertheless, only few studies address their potential impacts and fate in aquatic organisms mainly because these compounds are considered non-toxic due to their intrinsic properties. However, as aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to these compounds, they could nonetheless induce some adverse effects on aquatic populations like filter feeder organisms.

How Membrane Flexibility Impacts Permeation and Separation of Gas through Nanoporous Graphenes.

In recent years, extensive research has used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate gas separation through nanoporous graphene (NPG) membranes. However, most studies have considered graphene membranes as rigid, overlooking the impact of their inherent flexibility. This study systematically quantifies the effect of graphene flexibility on gas permeation by comparing the diffusion of various gases through flexible and rigid single-layer NPG models.

Addressing Challenges of Membrane Clogging in AF4-UV-ICPMS Analysis for Size Determination of Trace Elements in Acidic, Organic-Rich Peat Bog Waters.

The analysis of colloid-associated trace elements (TEs) in acidic, organic-rich waters (pH 3.8-5.8) using AF4-UV-ICPMS often necessitates the use of neutral or weakly alkaline carriers (pH 7-8.

Impact of steel slag, gypsum, and coal gangue on microbial immobilization of metal(loid)s in non-ferrous mine waste dumps.

Non-ferrous mine waste dumps globally generate soil pollution characterized by low pH and high metal(loid)s content. In this study, the steel slag (SS), gypsum (G), and coal gangue (CG) combined with functional bacteria consortium (FB23) were used for immobilizing metal(loid)s in the soil. The result shown that FB23 can effectively decrease As, Pb, and Zn concentrations within 10 d in an aqueous medium experiment.

Quantifying Phospholipids in Organic Samples Using a Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-ICP-HRMS) Method.

In this study, a novel method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma high-resolution mass spectrometry (ICP-HRMS) was introduced for the quantification of phospholipids in oil samples. The method employed a bridged ethyl hybrid (BEH) stationary phase HILIC column with a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water mobile phase, enhancing the solubility and detection of phospholipids. During the study, a gradient/matrix effect on ICP-HRMS sensitivity was observed and successfully compensated for experimentally, ensuring reliable quantification results.

Toxic and non-toxic cyanobacterial biomass as a resource for sustainable agriculture: A lettuce cultivation experiment.

Cyanobacteria represent a promising resource for sustainable agriculture, as they have demonstrated the ability to restore soil fertility even after death and decay. However, several cyanobacteria can also release secondary metabolites, such as cyanotoxins, which may compromise the quality of agricultural products and pose a potential risk to human health. Depending on the concentration of exposure, few studies reported deleterious effects on plant species when irrigated with cylindrospermopsin (CYN) contaminated water, impairing plant growth and leading to food product contamination, while other studies show promoting effects on plant yield.

Beyond the mean-field approximation for pair correlations in classical density functional theory: Reference inhomogeneous non-associating monomeric fluids for use with SAFT-VR Mie DFT.

A free-energy functional is presented to explicitly take into account pair correlations between molecules in inhomogeneous fluids. The framework of classical density functional theory (DFT) is used to describe the variation in the density of molecules interacting through a Mie (generalized Lennard-Jones) potential. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations are performed for the systems to validate the new functional.

Combining thermal model and kinetics: Implications in dynamic simulation of anaerobic digesters.

In this study, ADM1-based kinetics were combined with a thermal model that accounts for various heat transfers inside and through the reactor's boundaries. Computing the energy of bioreactions based on kinetic rates prevented an overestimation of approximately 20% in the heat demand of the heat exchanger, compared to calculations using feedstock degradation heat. This also improved the representation of the digester's thermal and reactional inertia.

Turning black soldier fly rearing by-products into valuable materials: Valorisation through chitin and chitin nanocrystals production.

The industry of insect-based proteins as feed and food products has been encountering a huge development since the last decade, and industrial-scale factories are now arising worldwide. Among all the species studied, Black Soldier Fly is one of the most promising and farmed. This rearing activity generates several by-products in the form of chitin-rich biomass that can be valorised to keep a virtuous production cycle embedded in the scope of the bioeconomy.

Natural restoration of arsenic-contaminated environment with Quercus robur L. and Tilia cordata Mill.: 5-Year longitudinal study of dendroremediation dynamics.

Investigating natural processes in arsenic (As) polluted areas and plants that have naturally chosen to grow there pose practical restoration recommendations. This study aimed to assess long-term changes in natural As dendroremediation dynamics for Quercus robur L. and Tilia cordata Mill.

Brain, Metabolic, and RPE Responses during a Free-Pace Marathon: A Preliminary Study.

The concept of the "central governor" in exercise physiology suggests the brain plays a key role in regulating exercise performance by continuously monitoring physiological and psychological factors. In this case report, we monitored, for the first time, a marathon runner using a metabolic portable system and an EEG wireless device during an entire marathon to understand the influence of brain activity on performance, particularly the phenomenon known as "hitting the wall". The results showed significant early modification in brain activity between the 10th and 15th kilometers, while the RPE remained low and cardiorespiratory responses were in a steady state.

Impact of the Biocontrol Product, Esquive WP, on the Indigenous Grapevine Wood Microbiome after a 6-Year Application Period.

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are currently limiting grapevine productivity in many vineyards worldwide. As no chemical treatments are registered to control GTDs, biocontrol agents are being tested against these diseases. Esquive WP, based on the fungus -1237 strain, is the first biocontrol product registered in France to control GTDs.