A quantitative benchmark of neural network feature selection methods for detecting nonlinear signals.

Classification and regression problems can be challenging when the relevant input features are diluted in noisy datasets, in particular when the sample size is limited. Traditional Feature Selection (FS) methods address this issue by relying on some assumptions such as the linear or additive relationship between features. Recently, a proliferation of Deep Learning (DL) models has emerged to tackle both FS and prediction at the same time, allowing non-linear modeling of the selected features.

Feasibility and safety of ultra-low volume ventilation (≤ 3 ml/kg) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR) in acute respiratory failure patients.

Background: Ultra-protective ventilation is the combination of low airway pressures and tidal volume (Vt) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR). A recent large study showed no benefit of ultra-protective ventilation compared to standard ventilation in ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) patients. However, the reduction in Vt failed to achieve the objective of less than or equal to 3 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW).

Distinct pathophysiological pathways support stratification of Sjögren's disease based on symptoms, clinical, and routine biological data.

Objective: Recently, three distinct phenotypes of Sjögren's disease (SjD) patients have been described, based on cluster analysis: B-cell active with low symptoms (BALS), high systemic activity (HSA), and low systemic activity with high symptoms (LSAHS). We aimed to assess whether these clusters were associated with distinct biomarkers and the prognostic value of IFN signature.

Methods: The ASSESS cohort is a 20-year prospective cohort of SjD patients.

On the parameterized complexity of the median and closest problems under some permutation metrics.

Genome rearrangements are events where large blocks of DNA exchange places during evolution. The analysis of these events is a promising tool for understanding evolutionary genomics, providing data for phylogenetic reconstruction based on genome rearrangement measures. Many pairwise rearrangement distances have been proposed, based on finding the minimum number of rearrangement events to transform one genome into the other, using some predefined operation.

Increase of niche filling with increase of host richness for plant-infecting mastreviruses.

Now that it has been realized that viruses are ubiquitous, questions have been raised on factors influencing their diversity and distribution. For phytoviruses, understanding the interplay between plant diversity and virus species richness and prevalence remains cardinal. As both the amplification and the dilution of viral species richness due to increasing host diversity have been theorized and observed, a deeper understanding of how plants and viruses interact in natural environments is needed to explore how host availability conditions viral diversity and distributions.

COVID-19 vaccine safety and effectiveness at 3 months in institutionalized old people.

Background: Older age and associated comorbid conditions increase the risk of severe form of COVID-19 and death. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign began in France in December 2020 targeting institutionalized older population before having been evaluated in this population. The objective of our study was to assess the tolerability of vaccination 21 days (D21) and 90 days after the first vaccination (D90) in institutionalized old people.

African schistosomes in small mammal communities: Perspectives from a spatio-temporal survey in the vicinity of Lake Guiers, Senegal.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of public health significance. In view of its elimination as a public health problem by 2030, adopting a One Health approach is necessary, considering its multidimensional nature. Animal reservoirs, in particular, pose a significant threat to schistosomiasis control in Africa and beyond.

Quantitative trait loci for grain mineral element accumulation in Vietnamese rice landraces.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for half of the world's population, and its biofortification is a key factor in fighting micronutrient malnutrition. However, harmful heavy metals tend to accumulate in rice grains due to soil and water contamination.

Ovarian response in preimplantation genetic testing for myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Purpose: To evaluate ovarian stimulation response in couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-M) for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) METHODS: Retrospective, observational, multicentric study. Parameters of ovarian response and PGT-M outcomes were compared according to the DM1-affected patient (female or male). A total of 229 couples underwent at least one controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle for the PGT-M procedure.

Assessment of compliance and therapeutic efficacy of albendazole treatment in Chinese patients with echinococcosis.

Background: Echinococcosis is an infectious parasitic disease that is extremely harmful to human health. Albendazole is provided free of charge to patients requiring medication under the central government finance transfer payment scheme for echinococcosis control and prevention in China. Our aim is to monitor the state of patient medication and its therapeutic impact, which will help improve medication compliance and the therapeutic effect.

Shaping the future of pharmacoepidemiology in France: Recommendations from the SFPT Pharmacoepidemiology Working Group.

The drug authorization process is shifting towards a policy aimed at shortening time-to-market. While this policy facilitates early access to new treatments, it can also result in potentially insufficient knowledge of both efficacy and safety at the time of marketing. The latter is particularly true for long-term outcomes or in specific populations (e.

Measuring Bacterial Flagellar Motor Dynamics via a Bead Assay.

The bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) is a rotary molecular machine that drives critical bacterial processes including motility, chemotaxis, biofilm formation, and infection. For over two decades, the bead assay, which measures the rotation of a microparticle attached to the flagellum of a surface-attached bacterium, has been instrumental in deciphering the motor's biophysical mechanisms. This technique has not only quantified the rotational speed and frequency of directional switching as a function of the viscous load on the flagellum but has also revealed the BFM's capacity for mechanosensitive speed modulation, adapting to environmental conditions.

Identifying sex similarities and differences in structure and function of the sinoatrial node in the mouse heart.

Background: The sinoatrial node (SN) generates the heart rate (HR). Its spontaneous activity is regulated by a complex interplay between the modulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and intrinsic factors including ion channels in SN cells. However, the systemic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Revision of trapeziometacarpal arthroplasty.

Complications of trapeziometacarpal arthroplasty are uncommon, but are classified as intra- and post-operative, dislocation and loosening being the main causes of revision surgery. Periprosthetic fracture and ossification are rare. Whenever possible, prosthetic revision techniques consist in partial or total replacement with modular implants.

Determining the Relative Affinity of ORPs for Lipid Ligands Using Fluorescence and Thermal Shift Assays.

Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are specialized proteins that convey specific lipids across the cytosol to regulate the lipid composition of organelles and the plasma membrane. Quantifying to which extent these LTPs recognize and transfer various lipid species and subspecies is of prime interest to define their cellular role(s). Here, we describe how to measure in vitro the relative affinity of Osh6p, a yeast phosphatidylserine (PS)/phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) exchanger belonging to the oxysterol-binding protein(OSBP)-related protein (ORP) family, for PS and phosphoinositide subspecies.

Measurement of Lipid Transport in Mitochondria by the MTL Complex.

Membrane biogenesis requires an extensive traffic of lipids between different cell compartments. Two main pathways, the vesicular and non-vesicular pathways, are involved in such a process. Whereas the mechanisms involved in vesicular trafficking are well understood, less is known about non-vesicular lipid trafficking, particularly in plants.

Pushing the boundaries of radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations: highlights from the 7 immunorad conference.

Over the last decade, the annual Immunorad Conference, held under the joint auspicies of Gustave Roussy (Villejuif, France) and the Weill Cornell Medical College (New-York, USA) has aimed at exploring the latest advancements in the fields of tumor immunology and radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations for the treatment of cancer. Gathering medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, physicians and researchers with esteemed expertise in these fields, the Immunorad Conference bridges the gap between preclinical outcomes and clinical opportunities. Thus, it paves a promising way toward optimizing radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations and, from a broader perspective, improving therapeutic strategies for patients with cancer.

Management of diabetic keto-acidosis in adult patients admitted to intensive care unit: an ESICM-endorsed international survey.

Background: Guidelines for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) management are limited, resulting in varied practices. This study assessed Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission criteria, fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, and metabolic management in adult patients with DKA.

Methods: An international survey of ICU clinicians consisted of 39 items that focused on management of DKA and was endorsed by the European Society of the Intensive Care Medicine.

Venous Thromboembolism at Low Risk of Recurrence in Young Women: Stress and Violence Associated with Recurrence. An International Case-Control Study.

Background:  In young women with venous thromboembolism (VTE) related to weak transient risk factors, it remains unknown whether stress levels and intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with recurrence. The VTE-WEAK study aims to investigate the association between perceived stress and IPV with a recurrence of VTE in women with a first episode of VTE due to combined oral contraceptives, pregnancy-puerperium, minor trauma/fracture, brief surgery, infection or brief immobility, and not using antithrombotic prophylaxis.

Material And Methods:  We performed a multicenter, international, observational, retrospective study on women referred for thrombophilia screening who were subsequently monitored.

Modification of bone architecture following sleeve gastrectomy: a 5-year follow-up.

Bariatric surgery induces a decrease in areal bone mineral density (aBMD), but the long-term effect on trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) has not been well assessed. The main aim of this 5-year longitudinal study was to investigate the changes following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in aBMD, bone turnover markers and trabecular and cortical vBMD. Forty-five patients with obesity were assessed before and 1, 2 and 5 years after SG.

[A 2024 inventory in oncology news].

The editorial board of the Bulletin du Cancer has compiled a summary of the news from 2024 in oncology, based on the main results presented at international congresses or published over the past year. After a year marked by the success of the Olympic Games, the selection of data is presented and discussed in podiums of three main results by topic. Emphasis is placed on studies that have an immediate impact on practice and on data that raise important questions for the year 2025.

3-Halo-3-nitro-aza/thioflavanones: DNMT inhibitors with a two-site binding mode in the hDNMT3A catalytic pocket.

Flavonoid derivatives are natural product analogues that have shown great interest for therapeutic applications as modulators of DNA methylation. In this article we report new synthesis pathways to access ten novel flavonoid derivatives (i.e.