Pressure support ventilation improves ventilation during inhalational induction of anesthesia in children: A pilot study.

Study Objective: To evaluate the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with or without pressure support ventilation (PSV) on the lung volume and the ventilation distribution during inhalational induction of anesthesia in children.

Design: Prospective observational clinical pilot-study.

Setting: University Children's Hospital of Lyon, France.

A single exposure to prolonged flexor carpi radialis muscle vibration increases sensorimotor cortical areas activity.

Prolonged local vibration (LV) is thought to promote brain plasticity through repeated Ia afferents discharge. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study therefore aimed at determining the acute after-effects of 30-min LV of the flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR) on sensorimotor (S1, M1) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) areas activity.

Acclimatized Lowlanders Exhibit a Hypocoagulable Profile after a Passive Ascent at High Altitude.

Stauffer, Emeric, François Caton, Raphael Marlu, Aurélien Pichon, Landry Seyve, Michael Furian, Aymeric Paillisser, Florence Berquet, Jeremy De Abreu, Blandine Deschamps, Benoit Polack, Philippe Connes, Paul Robach, Stéphane Doutreleau, Julien V Brugniaux, Samuel Verges, and Benoit Champigneulle.Acclimatized lowlanders exhibit a hypocoagulable profile after a passive ascent at high altitude. 00:00-00, 2024.

[A 2024 inventory in oncology news].

The editorial board of the Bulletin du cancer has compiled a summary of the news from 2024 in oncology, based on the main results presented at international congresses or published over the past year. After a year marked by the success of the Olympic Games, the selection of data is presented and discussed in podiums of three main results by topic. Emphasis is placed on studies that have an immediate impact on practice and on data that raise important questions for the year 2025.

Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Women With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Ocrelizumab.

Background And Objectives: Ocrelizumab labeling advises contraception for women during treatment and for 6-12 months thereafter. Because pregnancies may occur during this time, it is critical to understand pregnancy and infant outcomes in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) after ocrelizumab exposure.

Methods: Pregnancy cases reported to Roche global pharmacovigilance until 12 July 2023 were analyzed.

Molecular dynamics as an efficient process to predict N chemical shift anisotropy at very high NMR magnetic fields.

The emergence of very high NMR magnetic fields will certainly encourage the study of larger biological systems with their dynamics and interactions. NMR spin relaxation allows probing the dynamical properties of proteins where the N longitudinal () and transverse () relaxation rates in addition to the H-N heteronuclear NOE describe the ps-ns time scale. Their analytical representation involves the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) effect that represents the major contribution at a very high magnetic field above 18.

A Taybi-Linder syndrome-related RTTN variant impedes neural rosette formation in human cortical organoids.

Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe microcephaly with abnormal gyral pattern, severe growth retardation and bone abnormalities. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the RNU4ATAC gene. Its transcript, the small nuclear RNA U4atac, is involved in the excision of ~850 minor introns.

Acute kidney injury as a key predictor of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients: the CKD-REIN study.

Background And Hypothesis: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been increasingly recognized as a potential exacerbating factor for cardiovascular events in these patients. The CKD-REIN study aims to explore the relationship between AKI and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a cohort of CKD patients.

Screening and care for preclinical stage 1-2 type 1 diabetes in first-degree relatives: French expert position statement.

The natural history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) evolves from stage 1 (islet autoimmunity with normoglycemia; ICD-10 diagnostic code E10.A1) to stage 2 (autoimmunity with dysglycemia; E10.A2) and subsequent clinical stage 3 (overt hyperglycemia), which is commonly the first time of referral.

[Emergence of antifungal resistance: A creeping environmental threat?].

Antifungal resistance in humans is a clinical reality of increasing incidence that raises problems for patient care. In this current event, we discuss the link that can be made between the presence of antifungals in the environment and the development of resistance in humans, as well as the ecotoxicology of antifungals. The presence of antifungals in the environment has a health, but also an ecological impact.

Auxin-dependent post-translational regulation of MONOPTEROS in the Arabidopsis root.

Auxin plays a pivotal role in plant development by activating AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs). Under low auxin levels, ARF activity is inhibited by interacting with Aux/IAAs. Aux/IAAs are degraded when the cellular auxin concentration increases, causing the release of ARF inhibition.

Comparison between three abbreviated methods for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children and adolescents in a real-world setting - a prospective study using polysomnography.

Background: Oximetry was proposed as an abbreviated exam, easily accepted by the child, for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) for children located in regions where access to pediatric sleep labs is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), the number of ≥ 3% oxygen desaturations per hour of recording, obtained by portable oximetry performed in parallel with video-polysomnography (PSG), in a cohort of children, with and without comorbidities, referred for OSA.

Methods: Data from portable oximetry performed in parallel with PSG were prospectively collected.

Mechanical and semantic knowledge mediate the implicit understanding of the physical world.

Most recent accounts highlight the importance of two aspects of cognition in the implicit understanding of the physical world: semantic knowledge (the ability to recognize, categorize, and relate concepts) and mechanical knowledge (the capability to comprehend how things mechanically work). However, how the human brain may integrate these cognitive processes remains largely unexplored. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate this integration employing a novel free-viewing task.

Two distinct neural pathways for mechanical versus digital technology.

Technology pervades every aspect of our lives, making it crucial to investigate how the human mind deals with it. Here we examine the cognitive and neural foundations of technological cognition. In the first fMRI experiment, participants viewed videos depicting the use of mechanical tools (e.

Effects of gene dosage on cognitive ability: A function-based association study across brain and non-brain processes.

Copy-number variants (CNVs) that increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders also affect cognitive ability. However, such CNVs remain challenging to study due to their scarcity, limiting our understanding of gene-dosage-sensitive biological processes linked to cognitive ability. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 258,292 individuals, which identified-for the first time-a duplication at 2q12.

Distinct molecular epidemiology of resistances to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems in Enterobacter hormaechei in cats and dogs versus horses in France.

Background: Enterobacter hormaechei is an important pathogen in humans and animals, which, in addition to its intrinsic AmpC, can acquire a wide variety of genes conferring resistances to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) and carbapenems (CPs). In France, human clinical outbreaks of E. hormaechei resistant to ESC or carbapenem were reported.

strains associated with bone prosthesis infections cannot evade the host immune system.

Introduction: is a commensal skin bacterium that is involved in bone prosthesis infections (BPIs) and presents low-grade clinical symptoms. has been thought to escape the immune system at bone sites.

Material And Methods: Our study was carried out on a laboratory strain and two BPI-related clinical strains, one of which surprisingly induced clinical symptoms of inflammation in the patient.

Intraoperative surgical navigation improves margin status in advanced malignancies of the anterior craniofacial area: A prospective observational study with systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

The current scientific evidence suggests that surgical navigation (SN) can contribute to improve oncologic outcomes in sinonasal and craniofacial surgery. The present study investigated the feasibility of intraoperative SN and its role in improving the outcomes of surgically treated sinonasal and craniofacial tumors. This prospective study compared navigation-guided surgery for sinonasal or craniofacial malignancies with a pair-matched cohort (1:2 matching) of patients operated without SN.

Trypanosoma cruzi eIF4E3- and eIF4E4-containing complexes bind different mRNAs and may sequester inactive mRNAs during nutritional stress.

Many eIF4F and poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) paralogues are found in trypanosomes: six eIF4E, five eIF4G, one eIF4A and two PABPs. They are expressed simultaneously and assemble into different complexes, contrasting the situation in metazoans that use distinct complexes in different cell types/developmental stages. Each eIF4F complex has its own proteins, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and, consequently, a distinct function.

Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible in French hedgehogs admitted to a wildlife health center.

The gene conferring methicillin-resistance has always been found on a SCC type XI element and is largely restricted to the few clonal complexes CC130, CC1943, CC425, CC49 and CC599. The occurrence of the gene in many different hosts highlighted its One Health importance, even though European hedgehogs () are considered its natural reservoir, most probably because of the selective pressure imposed by beta-lactam-producing dermatophytes () that colonize the skin of these mammals. Surprisingly, while the presence of on the French territory has been proven, no -positive methicillin-resistant  (MRSA) isolate has been reported yet from hedgehogs.

A Large-Scale Serological Survey in Pets From October 2020 Through June 2021 in France Shows Significantly Higher Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in Cats Compared to Dogs.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to infect various animals, including domestic pets like dogs and cats. Many studies have documented infection in companion animals by molecular and serological methods. However, only a few have compared seroprevalence in cats and dogs from the general population, and these studies were limited by small sample sizes and collections over short periods.