Acute severe ulcerative colitis: defining the precise moment for colectomy.

Introduction: Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a critical manifestation of ulcerative colitis (UC), often necessitating colectomy when medical management fails. Despite advancements in therapeutic interventions such as corticosteroids, biologics, and JAK inhibitors, a significant proportion of patients require surgery, with colectomy rates ranging from 10% to 15%.

Areas Covered: This paper reviews the factors influencing the timing and necessity of colectomy in ASUC management, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary decision-making involving gastroenterologists and surgeons.

Body composition is associated with changes in health-related quality of life in patients with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the association between body composition and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients followed for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Longitudinal data from the Knee and Hip OsteoArthritis Long-term Assessments (KHOALA) cohort, a multicentre cohort of 878 patients with symptomatic knee and/or hip OA, were used. The main outcome criteria were changes in patient-reported outcomes measures, the Study Short Form-36 (physical functioning, pain, mental health and vitality) and the OsteoArthritis Knee and Hip Quality Of Life (OAKHQOL)(physical activity, pain and mental health).

Case report: Rare case of laryngeal hypertrophic lichen planus.

Introduction And Importance: Lichen planus is an inflammatory and chronic disease with multifactorial causes. Hypertrophic subtype of lichen planus is an extremely rare lesion when found in the larynx. This article describes the case of a man with such a lesion.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: While Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients' difficulty to recognize face identity (Werheid & Clare, 2007) has been mainly attributed to episodic and semantic memory impairments, these patients can also show abnormal difficulties at matching of unfamiliar faces for their identity, suggesting impaired perceptual function (Lavallée et al., 2016). However, since this latter evidence is based on explicit behavioural measures, the difficulties of AD patients can be due to many factors (e.

Comparison of CT-like MRI sequences for preoperative planning of cochlear implantation using super-high-resolution CT as a reference.

Background: We evaluated the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computed tomography (CT)-like sequences compared to normal-resolution CT (NR-CT) and super-high-resolution CT (SHR-CT) for planning of cochlear implantation.

Methods: Six cadaveric temporal bone specimens were used. 3-T MRI scans were performed using radial volumetric interpolated breath-hold (STARVIBE), pointwise-encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA), and ultrashort time of echo (UTE) sequences.

Intractable conflicts over end-of-life decisions: A descriptive and ethical analysis of French case-law.

Context: In European and Anglo-Saxon countries, life-sustaining treatment (LST) limitation decisions precede more than 80% of ICU deaths. However, there is now increasing evidence of disagreement and conflict between clinical teams and family members over LST limitation decisions. In some cases, these conflicts are brought to the courts.

Systolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure in Heart Failure: Pooled Participant-Level Analysis of 4 Trials.

Background: Hypertension is common in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF), and current guidelines recommend treating systolic blood pressure (SBP) to a target <130 mm Hg. However, data supporting treatment to this target are limited. Additionally, pulse pressure (PP), a marker of aortic stiffness, has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, but its prognostic impact in HFpEF has not been extensively studied.

Conformational effects in the identification and quantification of ketohydroperoxides in the oxidation of -pentane.

Stereochemistry plays a key role in both fundamental chemical processes and the dynamics of a large set of molecular systems of importance in chemistry, medicine and biology. Predicting the chemical transformations of organic precursors in such environments requires detailed kinetic models based on laboratory data. Reactive intermediates play a critical role in constraining the models but their identification and especially their quantification remain challenging.

How to Teach Clinical Reasoning in the Context of Rare Diseases in Undergraduate Medical Education.

While rare diseases are individually rare, they are collectively common. Physicians are likely to see patients presenting with rare diseases during their medical practice. Despite the fact that rare diseases present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, they are not sufficiently addressed by undergraduate medical curricula.

Treatment strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in persons with chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Diabetes is a common cause of CKD, and both diabetes and CKD increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in individuals with CKD. This review will discuss the importance of early detection of CKD and prompt pharmacological intervention to slow CKD progression and delay the development of CVD for improving outcomes.

Extraction of 3D trajectories of mandibular condyles from 2D real-time MRI.

Objective: Computing the trajectories of mandibular condyles directly from MRI could provide a comprehensive examination, providing both anatomical and kinematic details. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of extracting 3D condylar trajectories from 2D real-time MRI.

Materials And Methods: Twenty healthy subjects underwent real-time MRI while performing jaw opening and closing movements.

Transamination of Zwitterionic Quinones with Polyamines: The Carbon Bridge Matters.

The one-pot transamination reactions on a zwitterionic benzoquinonemonoimine yield either a quinoxaline derivative or bis-zwitterionic macrocycles, depending on the number of carbon atoms bridging primary polyamines. These latter products, featuring two confined donor cavities, are the result of a [2 + 2] condensation without the need for template effect or high dilution conditions.

Toxicity assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on microorganisms through topological data analysis of high dimensional single-cell nanomechanical data.

There is a growing interest in the development of methods for the detection of nanoparticle (NP) toxicity to living organisms based on the analysis of relevant multidimensional data sets. In particular the detection of preliminary signs of NPs toxicity effects would benefit from the selection of data featuring NPs-induced alterations of biological barriers. Accordingly, we present an original Topological Data Analysis (TDA) of the nanomechanical properties of Escherichia coli cell surface, evaluated by multiparametric Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) after exposure of the cells to increasing concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONPs).

Size-Dependent Wetting Contact Angles at the Nanoscale Defined by Equimolar Surfaces and Surfaces of Tension.

The wetting characteristics of fluids play a crucial role in various fields of interface and surface science. Contact angle serves as a fundamental indicator of wetting behavior. However, accurate quantification of wetting phenomena even at the macroscale often poses challenges, particularly due to the hysteresis between receding and advancing contact angles.

Nanopore Sequencing as a Cutting-Edge Technology for Medulloblastoma Classification.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most prevalent embryonal malignant brain tumors. Current classification organizes these tumors into four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4 MB). Recently, a comprehensive classification has been established, identifying numerous subtypes, some of which exhibit a poor prognosis.

State-of-the-Art Deep Learning Methods for Microscopic Image Segmentation: Applications to Cells, Nuclei, and Tissues.

Microscopic image segmentation (MIS) is a fundamental task in medical imaging and biological research, essential for precise analysis of cellular structures and tissues. Despite its importance, the segmentation process encounters significant challenges, including variability in imaging conditions, complex biological structures, and artefacts (e.g.

Chondroitin Sulfate Nanovectorized by LC-PUFAs Nanocarriers Extracted from Salmon () by Green Process with Decreased Inflammatory Marker Expression in Interleukin-1β-Stimulated Primary Human Chondrocytes In Vitro Culture.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a glycosaminoglycan, supports health through various physiological functions, including tissue protection, bone growth, and skin aging prevention. It also contributes to anticoagulant or anti-inflammatory processes, with its primary clinical use being osteoarthritis treatment. This study presents the results of the valorization of lipids and CS, both extracted from salmon co-products through enzymatic processes.

Prevalence of detransition in persons seeking gender-affirming hormonal treatments: a systematic review.

Background: Despite recent evidence of the benefits of gender-affirming medical procedures, data in the literature indicate emerging demands of detransition and regrets while suggesting potential sources of bias in different datasets, including a nonconsensual definition of detransition.

Aim: The present systematic review aims to summarize the existing research regarding the prevalence of detransition in transgender persons who requested or started receiving gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) and/or gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT).

Methods: A systematic literature search (CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Sage Journals, Science Direct, Scopus) for quantitative studies was conducted up to May 2024.

Dissecting the mechanisms of copper-azole wood preservatives detoxification by ligninolytic fungi.

Copper-azole based formulations have been widely used to protect wood timbers against fungal decay. While these treatments are efficient for wood protection, leaching of both copper and azoles into the environment has deleterious impact on soils and surface waters. No bioremediation process is currently available for disposable of these wood wastes.

The missing link: How is the phantom limb influenced by prosthesis wearing in people with lower-limb amputation?

Background: Recent therapeutic and technological solutions aim to improve the daily living of people with limb amputation by considering various aspects of the phantom limb, in particular painless phantom sensations (PS) and voluntary phantom movements (VPM).

Objective: Although previous research has explored these phenomena mostly without considering the prosthesis, this study investigates the influence of prosthesis wearing on painless PS, painful PS, and VPM, in people with lower-limb amputation.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study based on semi-directed interviews.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and With Reduced Ejection Fraction According to the Prognostic Nutritional Index: Findings From PARADIGM-HF and PARAGON-HF.

Background: The importance of nutritional status is underappreciated in patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to describe the range of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and the clinical characteristics and outcomes according to PNI, in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The primary outcome was the composite of HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death.

Heparinized collagen-based hydrogels for tissue engineering: physical, mechanical and biological properties.

As the main protein forming the vascular extracellular matrix, collagen has a weak antigenicity, making it an attractive candidate for coatings of vascular grafts. In order to bring antithrombotic properties to collagen for obtaining suitable blood compatibility of surfaces and further bioactive molecule carrying capacity, heparinization appears as a method of choice. Thus, in this article, pH-driven self-assembly was used to form collagen-based hydrogels with physical incorporation of heparins, especially low molecular weight heparin or unfractionated heparin at 1 IU/mL and 6 IU/mL.

Dimensionality reduction of high-solid anaerobic digestion flow pattern: Flow velocity distribution model and control strategy.

High-solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) can be used to treat organic waste. However, the operating stability is limited by the hydraulic conditions; therefore, regulation is essential. The flow field contains a large amount of information that cannot be directly regulated.

Nuclear Quadrupolar Resonance Structural Characterization of Halide Perovskites and Perovskitoids: A Roadmap from Electronic Structure Calculations for Lead-Iodide-Based Compounds.

Metal halide perovskites, including some of their related perovskitoid structures, form a semiconductor class of their own, which is arousing ever-growing interest from the scientific community. With halides being involved in the various structural arrangements, namely, pure corner-sharing MX (M is metal and X is halide) octahedra, for perovskite networks, or alternatively a combination of corner-, edge-, and/or face-sharing for related perovskitoids, they represent the ideal probe for characterizing the way octahedra are linked together. Well known for their inherently large quadrupolar constants, which is detrimental to the resolution of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, most abundant halide isotopes (Cl, Br, I) are in turn attractive for magnetic field-free nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) spectroscopy.