Prevalence of depression and protective factors in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years, suffering from specific learning disorders, in a special education and home care service (SESSAD).

Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence of depression in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years with learning disabilities treated in a Special Education and Home Care Service (SESSAD) and identify the protective factors that might preserve these children from depressive and affective problems.

Methods: Twenty children, aged 8 to 10, with learning disabilities were evaluated prior to their admission in SESSAD. Depression had been assessed through the Multiscore Depression Inventory for Children (MDIC), adapted to the French population as well as their developmental position in relation with their perceptual maturity of their body schema, through the Draw your family drawing.

History of the administration of psychedelics in France.

This article reviews the historical protocols for the administration of "classic" psychedelics in France, from the 1920s to the 1960s. Taking a chronological approach, it investigates the way mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin were administered, the subjects involved, the route of administration, the dosage, and the epistemological context of the research. From the 1930s, the Sainte-Anne school dominated French experimentation with psychedelics, inserting these studies on "hallucinogens" into a biological conception of therapeutics, where the notion of "shock" dominated.

Prevalence of past-year major depressive episode among young adults between 2005 and 2021: Results from four national representative surveys in France.

Background: The objectives are to examine time trends in the prevalence of past year major depressive episode (MDE) among young adults, and to identify differences by occupational status comparing students, those employed, and those who are not in employment, education or training (NEET).

Methods: Data were drawn from the Health Barometer survey, a cross-sectional computer-assisted telephone interview survey on a national representative sample of residents of metropolitan France and conducted approximately every 5 years. The surveys relied on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form to determine the presence of DSM-IV past-year major depressive episode.

Incidence, prevalence, and global burden of ADHD from 1990 to 2019 across 204 countries: data, with critical re-analysis, from the Global Burden of Disease study.

Data on incidence, prevalence and burden of ADHD are crucial for clinicians, patients, and stakeholders. We present the incidence, prevalence, and burden of ADHD globally and across countries from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. We also: (1) calculated the ADHD prevalence based on data actually collected as opposed to the prevalence estimated by the GBD with data imputation for countries without prevalence data; (2) discussed the GBD estimated ADHD burden in the light of recent meta-analytic evidence on ADHD-related mortality.

Emotional Dysregulation, Shame and Guilt Predict Severity of Gambling Among a Population of Gamblers.

Over the last few years, gambling has diversified, particularly with the arrival of legislation authorizing online gambling in 2010 in France. Psychology has been very interested in emotional regulation strategies, and more recently and more sparsely in the presence of shame and guilt. Through an observational study (N = 1955) shame, guilt, and emotional regulation were assessed among gamblers.

Responses to Hospital Restrictions on Family Visits during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Mali and France.

Few studies have focused on the presence of families in the hospital in the context of an epidemic. The present study aims to contribute to filling this gap by answering the following question: How did professionals, patients and their families cope with more or less drastic restrictions to family visits and presence during the COVID-19 pandemic in a French and a Malian hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data were collected during the first two waves of the pandemic through 111 semi-structured interviews (France = 55, Mali = 56). Most of the interviews were conducted with staff ( = 103), but also with families in the case of Mali ( = 8).

Evaluation of an Autism Training in a Much-Needed Context: The Case of France.

Background: Autistic people in France have called for community education to reduce autism stigma. As such, training is needed to help university students appreciate autistic peers and autistic people they may work with in their future careers.

Methods: We adapted an autistic-affirming training from a training developed in other cultural contexts and evaluated it with 107 university students in France using a pretest-post-test design.

Family first! Influence of parental investment in Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) prosocial choices.

Literature often assumed that prosocial behaviours (behaviours that benefit others with or without a cost for the actor) would have evolved many species to improve the effectiveness of parental care (Decety and Cowell 2014). While this hypothesis is rarely questioned at a phylogenetic scale, it was never tested at an individual scale to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, we chose to study the impact of effective parental care on prosociality by comparing the prosocial tendencies of Guinea pigs before mating, during mating and after parturition.

Whistleblowing legislation and reporting on research misconduct: A case for mutual learning.

Regulations on reporting research misconduct have undergone a remarkable process of development since the 1980s. At the same time, many states have also developed legislation governing the receiving of alerts and for protecting whistleblowers against reprisal. Although these two bodies of legislation share the aim of organizing the practice of reporting, they have been developed in isolation from each other, and without sufficient thought as to how they should be linked.

Motor Capabilities in Children with ADHD Are Improved after Brief Visuopostural Training.

Children with ADHD show poor motor control. The aim of the present study was to test whether children with ADHD improved their motor performances (oculomotor as well as posture) after a short visuopostural training period. Two groups (G1 trained and G2 non-trained), each comprising 15 children with ADHD matched in IQ (intelligence quotient), sex, and age, participated in the study.

Processing of complex morphosyntactic structures in French: ERP evidence from native speakers.

This event-related brain potentials (ERP) study investigated the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the auditory processing of verbal complexity in French illustrated by the prescriptive present subjunctive mode. Using a violation paradigm, ERPs of 32 French native speakers were continuously recorded while they listened to 200 ecological French sentences selected from the INTEFRA oral corpus (2006). Participants performed an offline acceptability judgement task on each sentence, half of which contained a correct present subjunctive verbal agreement (reçoive) and the other half an incorrect present indicative one (peut).

Fronto-parietal networks shape human conscious report through attention gain and reorienting.

How do attention and consciousness interact in the human brain? Rival theories of consciousness disagree on the role of fronto-parietal attentional networks in conscious perception. We recorded neural activity from 727 intracerebral contacts in 13 epileptic patients, while they detected near-threshold targets preceded by attentional cues. Clustering revealed three neural patterns: first, attention-enhanced conscious report accompanied sustained right-hemisphere fronto-temporal activity in networks connected by the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II-III, and late accumulation of activity (>300 ms post-target) in bilateral dorso-prefrontal and right-hemisphere orbitofrontal cortex (SLF I-III).

Manipulable objects can potentiate pointing and unusual grasping besides habitual grasping behaviors.

People are faster to perform a precision grip when they see a cherry (i.e., a small graspable object) than to perform a power grip, and the reverse holds true when they see an apple (i.

Communication and Information Strategies Implemented by Four Hospitals in Brazil, Canada, and France to Deal with COVID-19 Healthcare-Associated Infections.

During the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, COVID-19 healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and risk management became major challenges facing hospitals. Using evidence from a research project, this commentary presents: 1) various communication and information strategies implemented by four hospitals and their staff in Brazil, Canada and France to reduce the risks of COVID-19 HAIs, and how they were perceived by hospital staff; 2) the flaws in communication in the hospitals; and 3) a proposed agenda for research on and action to improve institutional communications for future pandemics. By analyzing "top-down" strategies at the organizational level and spontaneous strategies initiated by and between professionals, this study shows that during the first waves of the pandemic, reliable information and clear communication about guidelines and health protocols' changes can help alleviate fears among staff and avoid misapplication of protocols, thereby reducing infection risks.

Prevalence of the alternative model of personality disorders diagnoses in populational and at-risk samples, gender and age groups comparisons, and normative data for the LPFS-SR and PID-5.

The Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD), introduced in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), was proposed as a new operationalization of personality disorders (PDs) aiming to overcome the several limitations of the traditional symptom-based model (Waugh et al., 2017; Zimmerman et al., 2019).

The Situated Assessment Method (SAM2): Establishing individual differences in habitual behavior.

From the perspectives of grounded, situated, and embodied cognition, we have developed a new approach for assessing individual differences. Because this approach is grounded in two dimensions of situatedness-situational experience and the Situated Action Cycle-we refer to it as the Situated Assessment Method (SAM2). Rather than abstracting over situations during assessment of a construct (as in traditional assessment instruments), SAM2 assesses a construct in situations where it occurs, simultaneously measuring factors from the Situated Action Cycle known to influence it.

Dysfunction of basal ganglia functional connectivity associated with subjective and cognitive fatigue in multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Central fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). It has a profound impact on quality of life and a negative effect on cognition. Despite its widespread impact, fatigue is poorly understood and very difficult to measure.

[The evolution of nursing careers, between hope and disillusionment].

The onset of the pandemic has exhausted and disenchanted most hospital professionals. It also seems to have accelerated awareness within the nursing group, particularly among the new "mastered" staff. Working conditions continue to deteriorate and career promises seem to be eroding.

Human Exteroception during Object Handling with an Upper Limb Exoskeleton.

Upper limb exoskeletons may confer significant mechanical advantages across a range of tasks. The potential consequences of the exoskeleton upon the user's sensorimotor capacities however, remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine how the physical coupling of the user's arm to an upper limb exoskeleton influenced the perception of handheld objects.

A validation and comparison of three measures of participants' disposition to feel moved (introducing the Geneva Sentimentality Scale).

In the past years, psychologists have been increasingly interested in feelings of "being moved" (or "touched") and their impact on cognition and behaviour. However, to better understand their long-term impact, we need a validated measure of participants' disposition to feel "moved". In this paper, we introduce the Geneva Sentimentality Scale (GSS), a measure of participants' disposition to feel moved.

Fractal Geometric Model for Statistical Intermittency Phenomenon.

The phenomenon of intermittency has remained a theoretical concept without any attempts to approach it geometrically with the use of a simple visualization. In this paper, a particular geometric model of point clustering approaching the Cantor shape in 2D, with a symmetry scale θ being an intermittency parameter, is proposed. To verify its ability to describe intermittency, to this model, we applied the entropic skin theory concept.

School Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Youth, and Considerations for Anxiety, Depression, and a Positive School Climate-A Systematic Literature Review.

Unlabelled: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are growing in popularity, with research concerning their efficacy with youth populations. Following a preliminary analysis of the existing literature, and given the positive effects of such programs, we felt it relevant to assess whether research has considered the implications for MBIs on children and adolescents, with regard to depression, anxiety, and school climate.

Objectives: We aim to estimate the effect of MBIs as innovative interventions addressing youths in school settings, with special consideration for anxiety, depression, and school climate outcomes.

Beyond grasping: Syllables processing influences mere manual keypress.

We aimed to better understand the link between vocalization and grasping. We especially test whether neurocognitive processes underlying this interaction are not grasping specific. To test this hypothesis, we used the procedure of a previous experiment, showing that silently reading the syllable KA and TI can facilitate power- and precision-grip responses, respectively.