Adult parameningial alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: Case report and literature review.

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) represents the most common childhood soft tissue sarcoma, but they are rarely seen among adults. Most of the protocols for adults are adapted from pediatric protocols. Here we report a case of a 53-year-old woman diagnosed with a nasal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, stage IV at diagnosis, treated by chemotherapy (a regimen inspired from the pediatric protocole pEpSSG RMS 2005) which led to partial response followed by chemo-radiotherapy.

Systemic phenotype related to primary Sjögren's syndrome in 279 patients carrying isolated anti-La/SSB antibodies.

Objectives: To evaluate the systemic phenotype associated with the presence of isolated anti-La/SSB antibodies in a large international registry of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) fulfilling the 2002 classification criteria.

Methods: The Big Data Sjögren Project Consortium is an international, multicentre registry created in 2014. Baseline clinical information from leading centres on clinical research in SS of the 5 continents was collected.

Permethrin induced arterial retention of native and oxidized LDL in rats by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress and affecting LDL receptors, and collagen genes.

This study is the first to examine the possible mechanism by which long-term exposure to permethrin (PER) can promote arterial retention of proatherogenic lipid and lipoproteins and related vascular dysfunction in rats. Experimental animals were administered two doses of oral PER, PER-1 (2.5 mg/kg/bw) and PER-2 (5 mg/kg/bw), for 90 consecutive days.

Evolution of Endoscopic Lesions in Steroid-Refractory Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Responding to Infliximab or Cyclosporine.

Background/aims: Few data on the evolution of endoscopic findings are available in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). The aim of this study was to describe this evolution in a prospective cohort.

Methods: Patients admitted for a steroid-refractory ASUC and included in a randomized trial comparing infliximab and cyclosporine were eligible if they achieved steroid-free clinical remission at day 98.

Abdominal splenosis and its differential diagnoses: What the radiologist needs to know.

Splenosis is a benign acquired condition characterized by the presence of heterotopic viable splenic tissue in other organs or within cavities such as peritoneum, retroperitoneum, or thorax after splenic trauma or surgery. Abdominal splenosis is often an incidental finding and computed tomography and magnetic resonance usually allow a confident diagnosis. The typical enhancement that parallels the spleen is a useful hallmark of splenosis.

Comparison of machine perfusion versus cold storage in kidney transplant recipients from expanded criteria donors: a cohort-based study.

Background: Most studies comparing the efficacy of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) versus static cold storage (SCS) are based on short-term outcomes. We aimed to better evaluate the mid-term impact of HMP in patients receiving expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys.

Methods: The analyses were based on the French Données Informatisées et VAlidées en Transplantation (DIVAT) observational cohort.

Segmental Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis: Is There a Place in Selected Patients Without Active Colitis? An International Multicentric Retrospective Study in 72 Patients.

Background And Aims: The aim of this study was to report a multicentric experience of segmental colectomy [SC] in ulcerative colitis [UC] patients without active colitis, in order to assess if SC can or cannot represent an alternative to ileal pouch-anal anastomosis [IPAA].

Methods: All UC patients undergoing SC were included. Postoperative complications according to ClavienDindo's classification, long term results, and risk factors for postoperative colitis and reoperation for colitis on the remnant colon, were assessed.

The Banff 2019 Kidney Meeting Report (I): Updates on and clarification of criteria for T cell- and antibody-mediated rejection.

The XV. Banff conference for allograft pathology was held in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics in Pittsburgh, PA (USA) and focused on refining recent updates to the classification, advances from the Banff working groups, and standardization of molecular diagnostics. This report on kidney transplant pathology details clarifications and refinements to the criteria for chronic active (CA) T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), borderline, and antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR).

CT imaging of acute and chronic pyelonephritis: a practical guide for emergency radiologists.

Contrast-enhanced CT is not routinely indicated in uncomplicated urinary infections, but it may be necessary in patients with specific risk factors (i.e., diabetes, immunocompromised patients, history of stones, or prior renal surgery) or in patients not responding to antibiotics and in detecting complications of pyelonephritis.

Performance of pre-hospital evaluations in ruling out invasive chest stab wounds.

Background: Some guidelines advocate for managing patients with penetrating thoracic wounds in trauma centres with cardiothoracic surgery. This systematic approach is questionable. Only 15% of these patients require surgery.

Associations between consumption of dietary fibers and the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, type 2 diabetes, and mortality in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Mounting evidence, yet with varying levels of proof, suggests that dietary fibers (DFs) may exert a protective role against various chronic diseases, but this might depend on the DF type and source.

Objectives: Our objectives were to assess the associations between the intake of DFs of different types [total (TDF), soluble (SF), insoluble (IF)] and from different sources (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, potatoes and tubers) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and mortality in the large-scale NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort (2009-2019).

Methods: Overall, 107,377 participants were included.

A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement.

The exclusion of other chronic liver diseases including "excess" alcohol intake has until now been necessary to establish a diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, given our current understanding of the pathogenesis of MAFLD and its rising prevalence, "positive criteria" to diagnose the disease are required. In this work, a panel of international experts from 22 countries propose a new definition for the diagnosis of MAFLD that is both comprehensive and simple, and is independent of other liver diseases.

Oncological Resection for Liver Malignancies: Can the Laparoscopic Approach Provide Benefits?

Laparoscopic surgery has become an increasingly popular alternative approach to open surgery, resulting in a paradigm shift in liver surgery. Although laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) was initially indicated for small benign and peripheral tumors, at present more than half of LLRs are performed in malignant tumors. Several studies have reported the feasibility of LLR in malignant disease and suggested various short-term benefits compared to open liver resection, including decreased blood loss and postoperative complications and a shorter hospital stay.

Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Working Group Report from the ILTS Transplant Oncology Consensus Conference.

Liver transplantation (LT) offers excellent long-term outcome for certain patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a push to not simply rely on tumor size and number. Selection criteria should also consider tumor biology (including alpha-fetoprotein), probability of waitlist and post-LT survival (ie, transplant benefit), organ availability, and waitlist composition. These criteria may be expanded for live donor LT (LDLT) compared to deceased donor LT though this should not adversely affect the double equipoise in LDLT, namely ensuring both acceptable recipient outcomes and donor safety.

Management of Rectal Stump During Laparoscopic Subtotal Colectomy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparative Cohort Study from Six Referral Centres.

Background And Aims: There is no consensus on the best management of the rectum after subtotal colectomy for refractory colitis complicating inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The objective was to evaluate the impact of rectal stump management during laparoscopic subtotal colectomy [LSTC] for IBD.

Methods: Patients who underwent LSTC with double-end ileo-sigmoidostomy [Gr.

Antiretroviral Prophylaxis: A Digestive Complication to Know.

An 8-year-old child experienced abdominal pain and melena due to duodenal and ileal ulcerations throughout antiretroviral prophylactic treatment after a needlestick injury. Mild to moderate adverse effects often occur with lamivudine and zidovudine, but more severe adverse effects such as intestinal ulcers resulting in melena after a prophylactic antiretroviral treatment may question the safety of the current guidelines.

Vascular Resection for Pancreatic Cancer: 2019 French Recommendations Based on a Literature Review From 2008 to 6-2019.

Vascular resection remains a subject of debate in the management of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). These French recommendations were drafted on behalf of the French National Institute of Cancer (INCA-2019). A systematic literature search, with PubMed, ® (OvidSP), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, was performed for abstracts published in English from January 2008 to June 2019, and identified systematic reviews/metaanalyses, retrospective analyses and case series dedicated to vascular resections in the setting of PDAC.

Mesh Repair in Crohn's Disease: A Case-Matched Multicenter Study in 234 Patients.

Background: There are no specific guidelines for ventral hernia management in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. We aimed to assess the risk of septic morbidity after mesh repair in CD.

Methods: This was a retrospective multicentre study comparing CD and non-CD patients undergoing mesh repair for ventral hernia (primary or incisional hernia).

Zygophyllum album saponins prevent atherogenic effect induced by deltamethrin via attenuating arterial accumulation of native and oxidized LDL in rats.

The current study aimed to examine, for the first time, the relationship between exposure to deltamethrin (DLM) and atherogenic lipid profile disorders in adult Wistar rats, as well as, to verify the mechanism of the beneficial role of Zygophyllum album leaves extracts (ZALE). The experimental study was assessed using DLM (4 mg/kg b.w) either alone or co administered with ZALE (400 mg/kg b.

Germline mutations in the new E1' cryptic exon of the gene in patients with tumours of von Hippel-Lindau disease spectrum or with paraganglioma.

Backgrounds: The incidence of germline mutations in the newly discovered cryptic exon (E1') of gene in patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease and in patients with paraganglioma or pheochromocytoma (PPGL) is not currently known.

Methods: We studied a large international multicentre cohort of 1167 patients with a previous negative genetic testing. Germline DNA from 75 patients with a single tumour of the VHL spectrum ('Single VHL tumour' cohort), 70 patients with multiple tumours of the VHL spectrum ('Multiple VHL tumours' cohort), 76 patients with a VHL disease as described in the literature ('VHL-like' cohort) and 946 patients with a PPGL were screened for E1' genetic variants.

Techniques for laparoscopic liver parenchymal transection.

Laparoscopic liver surgery has gained wide acceptance resulting in a paradigm shift of liver surgery. Technical innovations and accumulation of surgeon's experience have allowed laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) to become an effective procedure with favorable peri- and post-operative outcomes. Through the overall process of LLR, liver parenchymal transection remains the most critical step with the aim of minimizing blood loss and secures the appropriate cutting line, i.

Epidemiological profile and north-south gradient driving baseline systemic involvement of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Objective: To characterize the systemic phenotype of primary Sjögren's syndrome at diagnosis by analysing the EULAR-SS disease activity index (ESSDAI) scores.

Methods: The Sjögren Big Data Consortium is an international, multicentre registry based on worldwide data-sharing cooperative merging of pre-existing databases from leading centres in clinical research in Sjögren's syndrome from the five continents.

Results: The cohort included 10 007 patients (9352 female, mean 53 years) with recorded ESSDAI scores available.

Surgical management of burst fractures in children and adolescents: A Multicentre Retrospective Study.

Background: Spinal fractures are rare in children, in whom they contribute only 2% to 5% of all traumatic spinal injuries. The management of burst fractures is well standardised in adults but remains controversial in paediatric patients, due to specific growth-related considerations. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of surgical management in a multicentre cohort of paediatric patients with burst fractures, in order to devise an optimal therapeutic strategy.