A solvent-free and catalyst-free reaction of -aminobenzophenone with aryl isothiocyanates: expedient access to congested 4-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinazolin-2-thione derivatives.

An efficient method to construct 4-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinazolin-2-thiones 3 solvent-free and catalyst-free addition of -aminobenzophenone 1 with aryl isothiocyanates 2 under thermal conditions has been developed, providing new congested 4-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinazolin-2-thiones 3 in practically quantitative yields simple purification by filtration/recrystallization. Extension of these conditions to -aminoacetophenone 4 in place of -aminobenzophenone 1 led to 4-methylenequinazoline-thione 5 as a result of a subsequent dehydration reaction.

Room temperature dithiocarbamation of 2-tetralones with elemental sulfur and isothiocyanates S/R-NCS: atom-efficient access to 4-hydroxythiazolidine-2-thiones.

2-Tetralones were found to undergo dithiocarbamation with elemental sulfur and isothiocyanates S/R-NCS in the presence of -methylpiperidine as a base catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The reaction could proceed quickly at room temperature to provide convenient access to substituted 4-hydroxythiazolidine-2-thiones with complete atom efficiency. The adducts could be easily dehydrated in neat TFA to give thiazole-2-thiones.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Bark (Myristicaceae).

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition brought on by aging and characterised by progressive decline in cognitive function and abnormalities in the central cholnergic system. -amyloid deposits, neurofibril tangle aggregation, oxidative stress or reduced level of acetylcholine are a few causes that have been linked to AD. In this study, the bioassay-guided isolation from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of bark led to the isolation of nine compounds namely, 16-phenylhexadecanoic acid (), undecylbenzene (), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (), dodecanoic acid (), tetradecanoic acid (), pentadecanoic acid (), 1-tridecene (), stigmasterol () and trimyristin ().

Elderly predialysis care pathways and early morbidity-mortality upon start of dialysis.

Background And Hypothesis: The ageing of the population with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the complexity of care pathways. Our aim was to identify subgroups of older people according to predialysis care pathways and describe their association with early morbidity-mortality after transition to dialysis.

Methods: This study included 22,128 incident dialysis patients aged ≥ 75 years during 2009-2017 from the French nationwide registry linked to the National Health Data System.

In Vivo Feasibility of Arterial Embolization with a New Permanent Agar-agar-Based Agent.

Purpose: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of an eco-friendly permanent agar-agar-based embolization agent (ABEA) (EmboBio®) for intra-arterial use.

Materials And Methods: Six pigs embolized with one ABEA torpedo (6 lower polar renal and 6 lumbar arteries) and one coil (6 lower polar renal and 6 lumbar arteries). Technical success was defined as a complete occlusion with no residual flow in DSA.

Redox condensation of -halonitrobenzenes, sulfur and isothiocyanates: access to 2-aminobenzothiazoles.

The elemental sulfur and isothiocyanate (S/RNCS) couple was found to undergo redox condensation with -halonitrobenzenes in the presence of -methylpiperidine as a base in -methylpyrrolidin-2-one to provide step- and redox-economical access to 2-aminobenzothiazoles. Alternatively, dithiocarbamate salts generated from addition of amines and CS could be used in place of the S/RNCS couple.

A novel hypothesis about mechanism of thalidomide action on pattern formation.

Morphogenesis, the complex process governing the formation of functional living structures, is regulated by a multitude of molecular mechanisms at various levels. While research in recent decades has shed light on many pathways involved in morphogenesis, none singularly accounts for the precise geometric shapes of organisms and their components in space. To bridge this conceptual gap between specific molecular mechanisms and the creation of definitive morphological forms, we have proposed the "epigenetic code hypothesis" in our previous work.

Maternal social deprivation and preterm birth: The PreCARE cohort study.

Background: Maternal exposure to unfavourable social conditions is associated with a higher rate of perinatal complications, such as placental vascular pathologies. A higher risk of preterm birth (PTB) has also been reported, and variations across studies and settings suggest that different patterns may be involved in this association.

Objective: To assess the association between maternal social deprivation and PTB (overall and by phenotype).

Small field chaos in spin glasses: Universal predictions from the ultrametric tree and comparison with numerical simulations.

Replica symmetry breaking (RSB) for spin glasses predicts that the equilibrium configuration at two different magnetic fields are maximally decorrelated. We show that this theory presents quantitative predictions for this chaotic behavior under the application of a external magnetic field, in the crossover region where the field intensity scales proportionally to [Formula: see text], being the system size. We show that RSB theory provides universal predictions for chaotic behavior: They depend only on the zero-field overlap probability function [Formula: see text] and are independent of other system features.

Respiratory effects of prone position in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome differ according to the recruitment-to-inflation ratio: a prospective observational study.

Background: Improvements in oxygenation and lung mechanics with prone position (PP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are inconstant. The objectives of the study were (i) to identify baseline variables, including the recruitment-to-inflation ratio (R/I), associated with a positive response to PP in terms of oxygenation (improvement of the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure over the inspired oxygen fraction (PaO/FiO) ≥ 20 mmHg) and lung mechanics; (ii) to evaluate whether the response to the previous PP session is associated with the response to the next session.

Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center study in patients who underwent PP for ARDS due to COVID-19, respiratory variables were assessed just before PP and at the end of the session.

Worldwide CTEPH Registry: Long-Term Outcomes With Pulmonary Endarterectomy, Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty, and Medical Therapy.

Background: The European Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) registry, conducted between 2007 and 2012, reported the major impact of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) on the long-term survival of patients with CTEPH. Since then, 2 additional treatments for inoperable CTEPH have become available: balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), and an approved oral drug therapy with the guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat. The current registry aimed to evaluate the effect of these new therapeutic approaches in a worldwide context.

Advanced Methods for Analyzing in-Situ Observations of Magnetic Reconnection.

There is ample evidence for magnetic reconnection in the solar system, but it is a nontrivial task to visualize, to determine the proper approaches and frames to study, and in turn to elucidate the physical processes at work in reconnection regions from in-situ measurements of plasma particles and electromagnetic fields. Here an overview is given of a variety of single- and multi-spacecraft data analysis techniques that are key to revealing the context of in-situ observations of magnetic reconnection in space and for detecting and analyzing the diffusion regions where ions and/or electrons are demagnetized. We focus on recent advances in the era of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, which has made electron-scale, multi-point measurements of magnetic reconnection in and around Earth's magnetosphere.

Fe dissolution in Fe-N-C electrocatalysts during acidic oxygen reduction: impact of local pH change.

Atomic Fe in N-doped C (Fe-N-C) catalysts provide the most promising non-precious metal O reduction activity at the cathodes of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, one of the biggest remaining challenges to address towards their implementation in fuel cells is their limited durability. Fe demetallation has been suggested as the primary initial degradation mechanism.

Description and first insights on a large genomic biobank of lung transplantation.

The main limitation to long-term lung transplant (LT) survival is chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), which leads to irreversible lung damage and significant mortality. Individual factors can impact CLAD, but no large genetic investigation has been conducted to date. We established the multicentric Genetic COhort in Lung Transplantation (GenCOLT) biobank from a rich and homogeneous sub-part of COLT cohort.

Shedding Light on the Origin of ^{204}Pb, the Heaviest s-Process-Only Isotope in the Solar System.

Asymptotic giant branch stars are responsible for the production of most of the heavy isotopes beyond Sr observed in the solar system. Among them, isotopes shielded from the r-process contribution by their stable isobars are defined as s-only nuclei. For a long time the abundance of ^{204}Pb, the heaviest s-only isotope, has been a topic of debate because state-of-the-art stellar models appeared to systematically underestimate its solar abundance.