Sealing hyaluronic acid microgels with oppositely-charged polypeptides: A simple strategy for packaging hydrophilic drugs with on-demand release.

A simple route to deliver on demand hydrosoluble molecules such as peptides, packaged in biocompatible and biodegradable microgels, is presented. Hyaluronic acid hydrogel particles with a controlled structure are prepared using a microfluidic approach. Their porosity and their rigidity can be tuned by changing the crosslinking density.

Renal complications of liver diseases.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the major causes of chronic liver disease. HBV and HCV affect nearly 7% of the world's population. Extra-hepatic complications and particularly renal failure have different mechanisms and manifestations.

Study of magnetic and electrical properties of PrCaBaMnO manganite.

The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in PrCaBaMnO have been investigated supplemented by electrical data. X-ray diffraction shows that the sample crystallizes in the distorted orthorhombic system with the space group. PrCaBaMnO undergoes paramagnetic-ferromagnetic (PM-FM) phase transition at ∼ 85 K.

Geographic isolation and larval dispersal shape seascape genetic patterns differently according to spatial scale.

Genetic variation, as a basis of evolutionary change, allows species to adapt and persist in different climates and environments. Yet, a comprehensive assessment of the drivers of genetic variation at different spatial scales is still missing in marine ecosystems. Here, we investigated the influence of environment, geographic isolation, and larval dispersal on the variation in allele frequencies, using an extensive spatial sampling (47 locations) of the striped red mullet () in the Mediterranean Sea.

Pauling Entropy, Metastability, and Equilibrium in Dy_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7} Spin Ice.

Determining the fate of the Pauling entropy in the classical spin ice material Dy_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7} with respect to the third law of thermodynamics has become an important test case for understanding the existence and stability of ice-rule states in general. The standard model of spin ice-the dipolar spin ice model-predicts an ordering transition at T≈0.15  K, but recent experiments by Pomaranski et al.

Management versus site effects on the abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in European mountain grasslands.

It is well established that the abundances of nitrogen (N) transforming microbes are strongly influenced by land-use intensity in lowland grasslands. However, their responses to management change in less productive and less fertilized mountain grasslands are largely unknown. We studied eight mountain grasslands, positioned along gradients of management intensity in Austria, the UK, and France, which differed in their historical management trajectories.

Influence of spatial delay on the modulational instability in a composite system with a controllable nonlinearity.

A theoretical investigation of the modulational instability (MI) in a composite system with a nonlocal response function is presented. A composite system of silver nanoparticles in acetone is chosen, whose nonlinearity can be delicately varied by controlling the volume fraction of the constituents, thus enabling the possibility of nonlinearity management. A pump-probe counterpropagation configuration has been assumed, and the interplay between the competing nonlinearities and the nonlocalities in the MI dynamics is systematically explored.

Measurement of the Effective Weak Mixing Angle in pp[over ¯]→Z/γ^{*}→ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} Events.

We present a measurement of the effective weak mixing angle parameter sin^{2}θ_{eff}^{ℓ} in pp[over ¯]→Z/γ^{*}→μ^{+}μ^{-} events at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV, collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider and corresponding to 8.6  fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity.

Energy Metabolism Rewiring Precedes UVB-Induced Primary Skin Tumor Formation.

Although growing evidence indicates that bioenergetic metabolism plays an important role in the progression of tumorigenesis, little information is available on the contribution of reprogramming of energy metabolism in cancer initiation. By applying a quantitative proteomic approach and targeted metabolomics, we find that specific metabolic modifications precede primary skin tumor formation. Using a multistage model of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced skin cancer, we show that glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and fatty acid β-oxidation are decreased at a very early stage of photocarcinogenesis, while the distal part of the electron transport chain (ETC) is upregulated.

Land use in mountain grasslands alters drought response and recovery of carbon allocation and plant-microbial interactions.

Mountain grasslands have recently been exposed to substantial changes in land use and climate and in the near future will likely face an increased frequency of extreme droughts. To date, how the drought responses of carbon (C) allocation, a key process in the C cycle, are affected by land-use changes in mountain grassland is not known.We performed an experimental summer drought on an abandoned grassland and a traditionally managed hay meadow and traced the fate of recent assimilates through the plant-soil continuum.

[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in woman: Knowing its specificities for a better management].

Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in women. Their frequency is underestimated because of their atypical feminine clinical presentation. The pathway "heart, arteries and women", initiated at Lille's hospital center in 2013, was designed to improve pluridisciplinar approaches for women.

Analysis based on scaling relations of critical behaviour at PM-FM phase transition and universal curve of magnetocaloric effect in selected Ag-doped manganites.

The critical behaviour of PrSr Ag MnO (0 ≤ ≤ 0.2) samples around the paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition is studied based on isothermal magnetization measurements. The assessments based on Banerjee's criteria reveal the samples undergoing a second-order magnetic phase transition.

Unlocking biodiversity and conservation studies in high-diversity environments using environmental DNA (eDNA): A test with Guianese freshwater fishes.

Determining the species compositions of local assemblages is a prerequisite to understanding how anthropogenic disturbances affect biodiversity. However, biodiversity measurements often remain incomplete due to the limited efficiency of sampling methods. This is particularly true in freshwater tropical environments that host rich fish assemblages, for which assessments are uncertain and often rely on destructive methods.

Advagraf® with or without an induction therapy for de novo kidney-transplant recipients.

Cornerstone immunosuppressive therapy currently relies on immediate-release tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) that is potentially nephrotoxic and is more diabetogenic than cyclosporine A. Two new formulations of tacrolimus have been launched: an extended-release formulation (Advagraf®/Astagraf XL®, Astellas company) and a long-lasting formulation (Envarsus®, Veloxis company). Area covered: Herein, we assess the efficacy of an extended-release formulation of tacrolimus (Advagraf®/Astagraf XL®) used in conjunction with or without an induction therapy (i.

Effect of double-filtration plasmapheresis for antibody-mediated rejection on hemostasis parameters and thrombin generation.

Introduction: Donor-specific alloantibodies (DSAs) cause kidney-allograft loss in chronic antibody-mediated rejection (CAMR). Treatment relies on blocking antibody-producing cells and removing DSAs by apheresis: e.g.

Site-selective measurement of coupled spin pairs in an organic semiconductor.

From organic electronics to biological systems, understanding the role of intermolecular interactions between spin pairs is a key challenge. Here we show how such pairs can be selectively addressed with combined spin and optical sensitivity. We demonstrate this for bound pairs of spin-triplet excitations formed by singlet fission, with direct applicability across a wide range of synthetic and biological systems.

Fast raypath separation based on low-rank matrix approximation in a shallow-water waveguide.

Subspace algorithms based on higher-order cumulants were developed to achieve high-resolution separation in non-Gaussian processes. However, singular value decomposition (SVD) of a huge matrix is an unavoidable step of these algorithms. The memory space and running time required by the decomposition are super-linear with respect to the size of the matrix, which is prohibitive in terms of practical applications.

Parenteral nutrition for preterm infants: Issues and strategy.

Due to transient gut immaturity, most very preterm infants receive parenteral nutrition (PN) in the first few weeks of life. Yet providing enough protein and energy to sustain optimal growth in such infants remains a challenge. Extrauterine growth restriction is frequently observed in very preterm infants at the time of discharge from hospital, and has been found to be associated with later impaired neurodevelopment.

Compositional heterogeneity near the base of the mantle transition zone beneath Hawaii.

Global seismic discontinuities near 410 and 660 km depth in Earth's mantle are expressions of solid-state phase transitions. These transitions modulate thermal and material fluxes across the mantle and variations in their depth are often attributed to temperature anomalies. Here we use novel seismic array analysis of SS waves reflecting off the 410 and 660 below the Hawaiian hotspot.

Combining six genome scan methods to detect candidate genes to salinity in the Mediterranean striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus).

Background: Adaptive genomics may help predicting how a species will respond to future environmental changes. Genomic signatures of local adaptation in marine organisms are often driven by environmental selective agents impacting the physiology of organisms. With one of the highest salinity level, the Mediterranean Sea provides an excellent model to investigate adaptive genomic divergence underlying salinity adaptation.

Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy in children: An update.

Cow's milk is one of the most common foods responsible for allergic reactions in children. Cow's milk allergy (CMA) involves immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and non-IgE-mediated reactions, the latter being both variable and nonspecific. Guidelines thus emphasize the need for physicians to recognize the specific syndromes of CMA and to respect strict diagnostic modalities.

Daily allergic multimorbidity in rhinitis using mobile technology: A novel concept of the MASK study.

Background: Multimorbidity in allergic airway diseases is well known, but no data exist about the daily dynamics of symptoms and their impact on work. To better understand this, we aimed to assess the presence and control of daily allergic multimorbidity (asthma, conjunctivitis, rhinitis) and its impact on work productivity using a mobile technology, the Allergy Diary.

Methods: We undertook a 1-year prospective observational study in which 4 210 users and 32 585 days were monitored in 19 countries.

MicroRNA-Based Drugs for Brain Tumors.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulatory elements encoded by the genome. A single miRNA can downregulate the expression of multiple genes involved in diverse functions. Because cancer is a disease with multiple gene aberrations, developing novel approaches to identify and modulate miRNA pathways may result in a breakthrough for cancer treatment.