Sustainable 4D Printed Meta Biocomposite Materials for Programmable Structural Shape Changing.

Biological structures provide inspiration for developing advanced materials from sustainable resources, enabling passive structural morphing. Despite an increasing interest for parsimony-oriented innovation, sustainable shape-changing materials based on renewable resources remain underexplored. In this work, the architecture of a single plant fiber cell wall (S, for instance) is simplified to design novel concepts of 4D printed tubular moisture-driven structural actuators, using the hygromorphic properties of continuous flax fiber (cFF) reinforced materials.

Vaccine Effectiveness Dynamics against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in Community-tested Patients in France 2023-2024.

Background: The epidemiology of respiratory viruses and vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the community is not well described. This study assessed VE against a positive test of influenza (VEf) and SARS-CoV-2 (VECov).

Methods: Data from two large networks of community-based laboratories in France were collected during standard of care in the 2023-2024 epidemic season (n = 511,083 RT-PCR tests).

Neurochemical Assessment of Tissue Levels of Neurotransmitters for Approximating Neurotransmitter System Connectivity.

The post-mortem measurement of tissue neurotransmitters is an interesting technique to address the gross biochemical activity. Its primary limitation is a lack of temporal resolution, although this is mitigated by enhanced spatial resolution, compared to methods. This neurochemical data is quantitative and requires no complex transformation, making it ideal to analyze neurochemical connectivity via the correlation of the biochemical signals between brain regions.

Retrovirus-Mediated Reprogramming of Endogenous Hippocampal Glia into GABAergic Induced Neurons.

Lineage reprogramming of glial cells into induced neurons (iNs) has emerged as an innovative strategy to replace neurons lost due to injury or neurological diseases. Here, we describe a step-by-step protocol to induce in vivo conversion of reactive glial cells, proliferating within the injured hippocampus, into mature and functional GABAergic iNs through retrovirus-mediated expression of two neurogenic fate determinants (Ascl1 and Dlx2). We have previously applied this method to study the integration and functional impact of GABAergic iNs in epileptic mice (Lentini et al.

Fine-tuning circulating oxalate levels to improve transplant strategies in primary hyperoxaluria: what is the ideal threshold in pediatrics?

Background: Interfering RNA therapies (RNAi) have changed the management of patients with hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1); data in dialysis remain scarce.

Results: A PH1 teenager undergoing intensive hemodiafiltration received lumasiran. POx levels almost halved during the loading phase (98 to 52 µmol/L), but rebound occurred when doses were quarterly-spaced, with POx at 94 µmol/L at 5 months.

Hierarchical clustering of clinical and flow cytometry parameters is associated with deterioration in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department: A preliminary study.

Anticipating the evolution of septic patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is challenging for front-line physicians in the Emergency Department (ED). Prognosis depends mainly on early identification, antibiotics, organ support, but also immune status. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to perform a cluster analysis to investigate whether specific phenotypes, including cellular immunology parameters, are associated with the prognosis in patients with CAP presenting to the ED.

Increased assimilation efficiency and mortality rate in Gammarus fossarum exposed to PVC microplastics.

Shredder organisms play a key role in rivers by feeding and fragmenting coarse organic matter that will then be exploited by other consumers. The effects of microplastics (MPs) on Gammarus sp., an ubiquitous genus of freshwater amphipods, and its shredding activity have been broadly investigated.

High-Dose Vitamin D in Clinically Isolated Syndrome Typical of Multiple Sclerosis: The D-Lay MS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with the risk of disease activity, but data on the benefits of supplementation are conflicting.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose cholecalciferol as monotherapy in reducing disease activity in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) typical for MS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The D-Lay MS trial was a parallel, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial in 36 MS centers in France.

[Deciphering the links between hepatic viruses and interferons: molecular interactions and therapeutic implications].

Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a key role in the innate immune response, possessing antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. Currently, IFNs are used clinically as treatments for lymphomas, multiple sclerosis, and chronic viral infections such as hepatitis B, C, D, and E virus infections. HEV infection can lead to fulminant hepatitis, while chronic infections with HBV, HCV, and HDV are the leading global causes of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The MEF2D::NCOA2 Fusion Defines a Distinct Emerging Vulvovaginal Myxoid Epithelioid Tumor with Smooth Muscle Differentiation.

MEF2D::NCOA2 fusion was recently reported in two vulvovaginal myxoid epithelioid smooth muscle tumors. We aimed to performed an integrated approach combining clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular profiling analyses, including targeted-RNA-sequencing, targeted-gene expression analysis profiling with clustering, DNA mutational analysis, and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in a series of three MEF2D::NCOA2 fusion-associated vulvovaginal tumors, to better described this entity. The median age at diagnosis was 45 years.

DISCREPANCY BETWEEN ONE STAGE CLOTTING AND CHROMOGENIC FACTOR VIII ACTIVITY IN WOMEN WITH HEMOPHILIA A AND HEMOPHILIA A CARRIERS: A retrospective clinical study.

Background: For every man diagnosed with hemophilia, approximately 1.6 women are expected to be carriers. Carriers are classified based on their Factor VIII (FVIII) levels and symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic to mild, moderate or severe symptoms.

ABOV: A Novel System of Direct Headspace Skin Sampling to Study Human Body Odor.

Chemicals emitted by the human body convey information about the individuals. However, our understanding of the chemical underpinnings of human chemical communication remains limited, partly due to methodological constraints. Here, we describe a novel sampling technique, named ABOV (Analysis of Body Odor Volatiles), for analyzing the chemical composition of human skin odor.

ZEB1 transcription factor induces tumor cell PD-L1 expression in melanoma.

Tumor cells can evade antitumor immune response by expressing the PD-L1 ligand, leading to the inhibition of PD-1-expressing T lymphocytes. The mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 expression in cancer cells are imperfectly characterized. The transcription factor ZEB1, a major regulator of phenotype switching in melanoma cells, was shown to promote immune escape in melanoma by repressing T cell infiltration.

Strategies for early detection and detailed characterization of oral lesions and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Fanconi anemia patients.

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is an inherited disorder associated with profound DNA repair defects, marked by failure to thrive, congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure (BMF), and an increased susceptibility to cancer. Clinical manifestations of FA vary widely, with BMF and clonal evolution predominantly affecting younger individuals, while adults are more frequently presenting with solid tumors. Individuals with FA are at a 500-fold increased risk of developing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which tends to appear at a median age of 30 years, often at advanced stages with only a 57% two-year survival rate.

Microplastics storage at the sediment-water interface in a gravel-bed river: Importance of local hydro-sedimentary conditions in downwelling, upwelling, and sedimentation zones.

Rivers are often seen as vectors for microplastic transport from land to the ocean; however, the sediment-water interface of rivers also provides opportunity for the temporary storage and retention of plastic debris. Hydrological, sedimentary, physical, chemical and biological factors influence microplastic fate and transport, yet the influence of the interactions between these different drivers and mechanisms on microplastic transport at the sediment-water interface remains poorly understood. This study investigates how hydrological exchanges impact microplastics distribution in streambed sediments by comparing microplastic concentrations in zones with surface-groundwater exchange fluxes (upwelling or downwelling) and zones with sediment accumulation along gravel bars situated in the lower catchment of the Ain River (France).

An ageing study of twenty 18650 lithium-ion Graphite/LFP cells in first and second life use.

The dataset gives a comprehensive data collection focusing on the ageing of twenty 18650 Graphite/LFP 1.1 Ah commercial cells in first and second life. The ageing from a pristine state up to 40% of capacity loss is uncommon due to the extensive testing time required.

CADOR (Capsaicin in neuropathic-like pain in digital osteoarthritis) study protocol: a multicentre randomised parallel-group trial.

Introduction: It is common for finger pain in hand osteoarthritis (HOA) to display a neuropathic component. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and conventional analgesics are not very effective in relieving this neuropathic-like pain. Capsaicin, a compound extracted from chilli peppers, is approved for the management of localised neuropathic pain.

Cerebral blood flow in Andean children and adolescents living above 5000m.

A number of indigenous populations have resided at high-altitude for generations, resulting in various phenotypical adaptations promoting successful high-altitude adaptation. While many of these adaptations have been investigated in adults, little is known regarding how children residing at high-altitudes adapt, particularly with regards to the cerebrovasculature. Under hypoxic environments, compensatory changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) are necessary to couple oxygen delivery to metabolic demand in the face of reduced oxygen availability.

Asymptotic Underscreening in Concentrated Electrolytes Measured by Optical Second Harmonic Scattering of Water.

We show that with optical second harmonic scattering, one can measure the screening length in the bulk phase of aqueous electrolytes. The methodology is based on the analysis of the coherent contribution describing the water-water orientation correlation function present in the polarization-resolved optical second harmonic scattering intensity. Measurements were performed up to highly concentrated NaCl and LiCl electrolyte solutions, enabling the development of a theoretical framework valid over the whole salt concentration range.

Biofilms in the milking machine, from laboratory scale to on-farm results.

Raw milk is known to harbor a complex microbial community, including microorganisms of technological and human health interest. However, it can also be a source of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, such as spore-forming bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. Despite cleaning and disinfection procedures, biofilms in milking machines are difficult to remove and represent a major source of milk contamination.

Host-targeted repurposed diltiazem enhances the antiviral activity of direct acting antivirals against Influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2.

Viral respiratory infections remain a major and recurrent public health threat. Among them, influenza viruses are responsible for ⁓500,000 deaths worldwide and a high economic burden. The recurrent threat of emerging zoonotic or pandemic viruses worsens this scenario, being SARS-CoV-2 and the millions of COVID-19 deaths the most recent example.

Integrating clinical-molecular data to predict PARP inhibitors efficacy in advanced ovarian cancer patients after interval cytoreductive surgery.

Objective: Selecting the maintenance strategy for advanced tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is challenging. This study evaluates the correlation among chemotherapy response score (CRS), homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status, and KELIM score; identifies predictors of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi) efficacy and stratifies recurrence risk in PARPi-treated population.

Methods: Median Progression-free Survival (mPFS) and hazard ratios (HRs) were retrospectively calculated in HGSC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (3/4 cycles), interval cytoreductive surgery, and adjuvant treatment.

Appropriateness of treatments for postpartum and post-abortion uterine vascular anomalies.

Purpose: Secondary postpartum and post-abortion hemorrhage due to uterine vascular anomalies can range from mild to life threatening episodes. Although clinicians have access to various treatment options, no studies have systematically evaluated their appropriateness across diverse clinical scenarios. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of treatments for secondary postpartum and post-abortion hemorrhage using hypothetical scenarios that integrate different clinical presentations and imaging findings of uterine vascular anomalies.